tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Vaccines (Basel)
. 2022 May 30;10(6):878.
doi: 10.3390/vaccines10060878.
An Integrative Analysis of the Immune Features of Inactivated SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine (CoronaVac)
Zhujun Jiang[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Haishuang Lin[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Haoran Zhang[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Ningning Shi[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Zhetao Zheng[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Liangzhen Dong[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Yuelin Yang[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Qing Xia[SUP] 1 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Abstract
Currently, an inactivated vaccine has been widely used with encouraging results as a prophylactic agent against COVID-19 infection, which is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and its variants. However, in vitro SARS-CoV-2 vaccine-specific immune features remain elusive, hindering the promotion of a third dose of the vaccine. Here, we present a detailed in vitro immune cellular response and large-scale multi-omics analysis for peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from participants vaccinated with CoronaVac (Sinovac Life Sciences, Beijing, China) and recovered participants from COVID-19. The mean titers of SARS-CoV-2 serum-neutralizing antibodies were significantly increased after the boosting immunization (Day 45) compared to the unimmunized state. We observed that type-1 helper T cells (Th1) tended to dominate after the first dose of vaccine, while humoral immune responses became dominant after the second dose due to the activation of type-2 helper T cell (Th2), memory B cells, and plasmablasts. T follicular helper cells (Tfh) involved in antibody production were activated after the first dose and were maintained for the observed time points. Single-cell RNA sequencing of PBMCs revealed specific changes in cell compositions and gene expression in immunized participants. Multi-omics analysis also demonstrated that CoronaVac-specific serum proteins, plasma metabolites, and plasma lipid changes were skewed to those changes in convalescent patients. Collectively, we provide a comprehensive understanding of CoronaVac-specific in vitro immune features.
Keywords: CoronaVac vaccine; SARS-CoV-2; immune features; multi-omics; serum-neutralizing antibody.
. 2022 May 30;10(6):878.
doi: 10.3390/vaccines10060878.
An Integrative Analysis of the Immune Features of Inactivated SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine (CoronaVac)
Zhujun Jiang[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Haishuang Lin[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Haoran Zhang[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Ningning Shi[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Zhetao Zheng[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Liangzhen Dong[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Yuelin Yang[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Qing Xia[SUP] 1 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 35746486
- DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10060878
Abstract
Currently, an inactivated vaccine has been widely used with encouraging results as a prophylactic agent against COVID-19 infection, which is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and its variants. However, in vitro SARS-CoV-2 vaccine-specific immune features remain elusive, hindering the promotion of a third dose of the vaccine. Here, we present a detailed in vitro immune cellular response and large-scale multi-omics analysis for peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from participants vaccinated with CoronaVac (Sinovac Life Sciences, Beijing, China) and recovered participants from COVID-19. The mean titers of SARS-CoV-2 serum-neutralizing antibodies were significantly increased after the boosting immunization (Day 45) compared to the unimmunized state. We observed that type-1 helper T cells (Th1) tended to dominate after the first dose of vaccine, while humoral immune responses became dominant after the second dose due to the activation of type-2 helper T cell (Th2), memory B cells, and plasmablasts. T follicular helper cells (Tfh) involved in antibody production were activated after the first dose and were maintained for the observed time points. Single-cell RNA sequencing of PBMCs revealed specific changes in cell compositions and gene expression in immunized participants. Multi-omics analysis also demonstrated that CoronaVac-specific serum proteins, plasma metabolites, and plasma lipid changes were skewed to those changes in convalescent patients. Collectively, we provide a comprehensive understanding of CoronaVac-specific in vitro immune features.
Keywords: CoronaVac vaccine; SARS-CoV-2; immune features; multi-omics; serum-neutralizing antibody.