tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
PLoS One. 2014 Feb 13;9(2):e88813. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0088813. eCollection 2014.
Vaccine Effectiveness against Medically Attended Laboratory-Confirmed Influenza in Japan, 2011-2012 Season.
Suzuki M1, Minh le N1, Yoshimine H2, Inoue K2, Yoshida LM3, Morimoto K1, Ariyoshi K1.
Author information
Abstract
The objective of this study was to estimate influenza vaccine effectiveness (VE) against medically attended, laboratory-confirmed influenza during the 2011-2012 season in Japan using a test-negative case-control study design. The effect of co-circulating non-influenza respiratory viruses (NIRVs) on VE estimates was also explored. Nasopharyngeal swab samples were collected from outpatients with influenza-like illnesses (ILIs) in a community hospital in Nagasaki, Japan. Thirteen respiratory viruses (RVs), including influenza A and B, were identified from the samples using a multiplex polymerase chain reaction. The difference in VE point estimates was assessed using three different controls: ILI patients that tested negative for influenza, those that tested negative for all RVs, and those that tested positive for NIRVs. The adjusted VE against medically attended, laboratory-confirmed influenza using all influenza-negative controls was 5.3% (95% confidence interval [CI], -60.5 to 44.1). The adjusted VEs using RV-negative and NIRV-positive controls were -1.5% (95% CI, -74.7 to 41) and 50% (95% CI, -43.2 to 82.5), respectively. Influenza VE was limited in Japan during the 2011-2012 season. Although the evidence is not conclusive, co-circulating NIRVs may affect influenza VE estimates in test-negative case-control studies.
PMID:
24551167
[PubMed - in process]
PMCID:
PMC3923823
Free PMC Article
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24551167
Vaccine Effectiveness against Medically Attended Laboratory-Confirmed Influenza in Japan, 2011-2012 Season.
Suzuki M1, Minh le N1, Yoshimine H2, Inoue K2, Yoshida LM3, Morimoto K1, Ariyoshi K1.
Author information
Abstract
The objective of this study was to estimate influenza vaccine effectiveness (VE) against medically attended, laboratory-confirmed influenza during the 2011-2012 season in Japan using a test-negative case-control study design. The effect of co-circulating non-influenza respiratory viruses (NIRVs) on VE estimates was also explored. Nasopharyngeal swab samples were collected from outpatients with influenza-like illnesses (ILIs) in a community hospital in Nagasaki, Japan. Thirteen respiratory viruses (RVs), including influenza A and B, were identified from the samples using a multiplex polymerase chain reaction. The difference in VE point estimates was assessed using three different controls: ILI patients that tested negative for influenza, those that tested negative for all RVs, and those that tested positive for NIRVs. The adjusted VE against medically attended, laboratory-confirmed influenza using all influenza-negative controls was 5.3% (95% confidence interval [CI], -60.5 to 44.1). The adjusted VEs using RV-negative and NIRV-positive controls were -1.5% (95% CI, -74.7 to 41) and 50% (95% CI, -43.2 to 82.5), respectively. Influenza VE was limited in Japan during the 2011-2012 season. Although the evidence is not conclusive, co-circulating NIRVs may affect influenza VE estimates in test-negative case-control studies.
PMID:
24551167
[PubMed - in process]
PMCID:
PMC3923823
Free PMC Article
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24551167