tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Vaccine
. 2021 Sep 14;S0264-410X(21)01161-0.
doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2021.08.099. Online ahead of print.
City-wide school-located influenza vaccination: A retrospective cohort study
Jade Benjamin-Chung[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Benjamin F Arnold[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Kunal Mishra[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Chris J Kennedy[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Anna Nguyen[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Nolan N Pokpongkiat[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Stephanie Djajadi[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Anmol Seth[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Nicola P Klein[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Alan E Hubbard[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Arthur Reingold[SUP] 3 [/SUP], John M Colford Jr[SUP] 3 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Abstract
Background: We measured the effectiveness of a city-wide school-located influenza vaccination (SLIV) program implemented in over 102 elementary schools in Oakland, California.
Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study among Kaiser Permanente Northern California (KPNC) members of all ages residing in either the intervention or a multivariate-matched comparison site from September 2011 - August 2017. Outcomes included medically attended acute respiratory illness (MAARI), influenza hospitalization, and Oseltamivir prescriptions. We estimated difference-in-differences (DIDs) in 2014-15, 2015-16, and 2016-17 using generalized linear models and adjusted for race, ethnicity, age, sex, health plan, and language.
Results: Pre-intervention member characteristics were similar between sites. The proportion of KPNC members vaccinated for influenza by KPNC or the SLIV program was 8-11% higher in the intervention site than the comparison site during the intervention period. Among school-aged children, SLIV was associated with lower Oseltamivir prescriptions per 1,000 (DIDs: -3.5 (95% CI -5.5, -1.5) in 2015-16; -4.0 (95% CI -6.5, -1.6) in 2016-17) but not with other outcomes. SLIV was associated with lower MAARI per 1,000 in adults 65 + years (2014-15: -13.2, 95% CI -23.2, -3.2; 2015-16: -21.5, 95% CI -31.1, -11.9; 2016-17: -13.0, 95% CI -23.2, -2.9). There were few significant associations with other outcomes among adults.
Conclusions: A city-wide SLIV intervention was associated with higher influenza vaccination coverage, lower Oseltamivir prescriptions in school-aged children, and lower MAARI among people over 65 years, suggesting possible indirect effects of SLIV among older adults.
Keywords: Influenza; Influenza vaccination; School-located influenza vaccination.
. 2021 Sep 14;S0264-410X(21)01161-0.
doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2021.08.099. Online ahead of print.
City-wide school-located influenza vaccination: A retrospective cohort study
Jade Benjamin-Chung[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Benjamin F Arnold[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Kunal Mishra[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Chris J Kennedy[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Anna Nguyen[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Nolan N Pokpongkiat[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Stephanie Djajadi[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Anmol Seth[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Nicola P Klein[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Alan E Hubbard[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Arthur Reingold[SUP] 3 [/SUP], John M Colford Jr[SUP] 3 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 34535312
- DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2021.08.099
Abstract
Background: We measured the effectiveness of a city-wide school-located influenza vaccination (SLIV) program implemented in over 102 elementary schools in Oakland, California.
Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study among Kaiser Permanente Northern California (KPNC) members of all ages residing in either the intervention or a multivariate-matched comparison site from September 2011 - August 2017. Outcomes included medically attended acute respiratory illness (MAARI), influenza hospitalization, and Oseltamivir prescriptions. We estimated difference-in-differences (DIDs) in 2014-15, 2015-16, and 2016-17 using generalized linear models and adjusted for race, ethnicity, age, sex, health plan, and language.
Results: Pre-intervention member characteristics were similar between sites. The proportion of KPNC members vaccinated for influenza by KPNC or the SLIV program was 8-11% higher in the intervention site than the comparison site during the intervention period. Among school-aged children, SLIV was associated with lower Oseltamivir prescriptions per 1,000 (DIDs: -3.5 (95% CI -5.5, -1.5) in 2015-16; -4.0 (95% CI -6.5, -1.6) in 2016-17) but not with other outcomes. SLIV was associated with lower MAARI per 1,000 in adults 65 + years (2014-15: -13.2, 95% CI -23.2, -3.2; 2015-16: -21.5, 95% CI -31.1, -11.9; 2016-17: -13.0, 95% CI -23.2, -2.9). There were few significant associations with other outcomes among adults.
Conclusions: A city-wide SLIV intervention was associated with higher influenza vaccination coverage, lower Oseltamivir prescriptions in school-aged children, and lower MAARI among people over 65 years, suggesting possible indirect effects of SLIV among older adults.
Keywords: Influenza; Influenza vaccination; School-located influenza vaccination.