Ronan Kelly
Retired 2020
[h=1]Weekly U.S. Influenza Surveillance Report[/h]
Key Updates for Week 9, ending February 29, 2020
Key indicators that track flu activity remain high but decreased for the third week in a row. Severity indicators (hospitalizations and deaths) remain moderate to low overall, but hospitalization rates differ by age group, with high rates among children and young adults. [h=4]Viruses[/h]
Clinical Labs
The percentage of respiratory specimens testing positive for influenza at clinical laboratories decreased from 28.0% last week to 24.3% this week.
Public Health Labs
Nationally, influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 viruses are now the most commonly reported influenza viruses this season.
Virus Characterization
Genetic and antigenic characterization and antiviral susceptibility of influenza viruses collected in the U.S. are summarized in this report. [h=4]Illness[/h] Outpatient Illness: ILINet
Visits to health care providers for influenza-like illness (ILI) decreased from 5.5% last week to 5.3% this week. All regions remain above their baselines.
Outpatient Illness: ILINet Activity Map
The number of jurisdictions experiencing high ILI activity decreased from 45 last week to 42 this week.
Geographic Spread
The number of jurisdictions reporting regional or widespread influenza activity increased from 50 last week to 51 this week. [h=4]Severe Disease[/h]
Hospitalizations
The overall cumulative hospitalization rate for the season increased to 57.9 per 100,000.
P&I Mortality
The percentage of deaths attributed to pneumonia and influenza is 6.9%, below the epidemic threshold of 7.3%.
Pediatric Deaths
11 influenza-associated pediatric deaths occurring during the 2019-2020 season were reported this week. The total for the season is 136.
All data are preliminary and may change as more reports are received.
A description of the CDC influenza surveillance system, including methodology and detailed descriptions of each data component is available on the surveillance methods page.
Additional information on the current and previous influenza seasons for each surveillance component are available on FluView Interactive.
Key Points:
The results of tests performed by clinical laboratories nationwide are summarized below. Data from clinical laboratories (the percentage of specimens tested that are positive for influenza) are used to monitor whether influenza activity is increasing or decreasing.
Week 9
Data Cumulative since
September 29, 2019
(week 40) No. of specimens tested No. of positive specimens (%) Positive specimens by type Influenza A Influenza B
View Chart Data | View Full Screen [h=3]Public Health Laboratories[/h]
The results of tests performed by public health laboratories nationwide are summarized below. Data from public health laboratories are used to monitor the proportion of circulating viruses that belong to each influenza subtype/lineage.
Week 9
Data Cumulative since
September 29, 2019
(week 40) No. of specimens tested No. of positive specimens Positive specimens by type/subtype Influenza A (H1N1)pdm09 H3N2 Subtyping not performed Influenza B Yamagata lineage Victoria lineage Lineage not performed
While influenza B/Victoria viruses predominated earlier in the season, during recent weeks, influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 viruses have been reported more frequently than B/Victoria viruses. For the season, A(H1N1)pdm09 viruses are the predominant virus. The predominant virus varies by region. Regional and state level data about circulating influenza viruses can be found on FluView Interactive.
The predominant virus also varies by age group. Nationally, for the season overall, influenza B viruses are the most commonly reported influenza viruses among children and young adults less than 25 years, while A viruses are the most commonly reported influenza viruses among persons 25 years and older. In the most recent three weeks, influenza A viruses are the most commonly reported influenza viruses in all but the school aged children and young adults (5-24 years old).
View Chart Data | View Full Screen
Additional virologic surveillance information for current and past seasons:
Surveillance Methods | FluView Interactive: National, Regional, and State Data or Age Data
[h=2]Influenza Virus Characterization[/h]
CDC performs genetic and antigenic characterization of U.S. viruses submitted from state and local health laboratories using Right Size Roadmap submission guidance. These data are used to compare how similar the currently circulating influenza viruses are to the reference viruses used for developing new influenza vaccines and to monitor evolutionary changes that continually occur in circulating influenza viruses. Antigenic characterization data are based on an animal model (influenza-naive ferrets), and do not reflect pre-existing protection provided by past influenza infections and vaccinations. Additional antigenic characterization studies involving people vaccinated with current influenza vaccines are conducted later in the season; these data account for pre-existing protection in different populations against circulating influenza viruses. Genetic and antigenic characterization data are not used to make calculations about vaccine effectiveness (VE). CDC conducts VE studies each year to measure the benefits of flu vaccines in people. Interim estimates of 2019-2020 flu vaccine effectiveness have been released.
CDC genetically characterized 1,903 influenza viruses collected in the U.S. from September 29, 2019, to February 29, 2020.
Virus Subtype or Lineage Genetic Characterization
Total No. of Subtype/Lineage Tested Clade Number (% of subtype/lineage tested) Subclade Number (% of subtype/lineage tested) A/H1 A/H3 B/Victoria B/Yamagata
CDC antigenically characterizes a subset of influenza viruses by hemagglutination inhibition (HI) or neutralization based Focus Reduction assays (FRA). Antigenic drift is evaluated by comparing antigenic properties of cell-propagated reference viruses representing currently recommended vaccine components with those of cell-propagated circulating viruses. CDC antigenically characterized 363 influenza viruses collected in the United States from September 29, 2019, to February 29, 2020. These data are not used to make calculations about vaccine effectiveness (VE). CDC conducts VE studies each year to measure the benefits of flu vaccines in people.
Influenza A Viruses
Influenza B Viruses
CDC also assesses susceptibility of influenza viruses to the antiviral medications including the neuraminidase inhibitors (oseltamivir, zanamivir, and peramivir) and the PA endonuclease inhibitor baloxavir using next generation sequence analysis supplemented by laboratory assays. Viruses collected in the United States since September 29, 2019, were tested for antiviral susceptibility as follows:
Antiviral Medication Total Viruses A/H1 A/H3 B/Victoria B/Yamagata Neuraminidase Inhibitors Oseltamivir Viruses Tested Reduced Inhibition Highly Reduced Inhibition Peramivir Viruses Tested Reduced Inhibition
Highly Reduced Inhibition Zanamivir Viruses Tested Reduced Inhibition
Highly Reduced Inhibition PA Endonuclease Inhibitor
Baloxavir Viruses Tested
Reduced Susceptibility
[SIZE=-1]*Six influenza viruses showed reduced or highly reduced inhibition by at least one neuraminidase inhibitor. Four A(H1N1)pdm09 viruses showed highly reduced inhibition to oseltamivir and peramivir while showing normal inhibition to zanamivir. In addition, one B/Victoria virus showed highly reduced inhibition to peramivir and reduced inhibition to oseltamivir and zanamivir, while another influenza B/Victoria virus showed reduced inhibition to zanamivir.[/SIZE]
A total of 515 additional viruses (211 A(H1N1)pdm09, 32 A(H3N2), and 272 B) collected in Alabama, Alaska, Florida, Illinois, Iowa, Louisiana, Massachusetts, Michigan, Nevada, New York, North Carolina, Pennsylvania, South Dakota, Virginia and Wisconsin were analyzed for resistance to neuraminidase inhibitors by pyrosequencing assay. Three (1.4%) of the 211 A(H1N1)pdm09 viruses tested had the H275Y amino acid substitution in the neuraminidase that confers resistance to oseltamivir and potential resistance to peramivir. No markers of resistance to neuraminidase inhibitors were detected in A(H3N2) and type B viruses tested.
[h=2]Outpatient Illness Surveillance[/h] [h=3]ILINet[/h]
Nationwide during week 9, 5.3% of patient visits reported through the U.S. Outpatient Influenza-like Illness Surveillance Network (ILINet) were due to influenza-like illness (ILI). This percentage is above the national baseline of 2.4%.
View Chart Data (current season only) | View Full Screen
On a regional level, the percentage of outpatient visits for ILI ranged from 3.9% to 8.7% during week 9. All regions reported a percentage of outpatient visits for ILI above their region-specific baselines. [h=3]ILI Activity Map[/h]
Data collected in ILINet are used to produce a measure of ILI activity* by state.
During week 9, the following ILI activity levels were experienced:
Additional information about medically attended visits for ILI for current and past seasons:
Surveillance Methods | FluView Interactive: National, Regional, and State Data or ILI Activity Map
[h=2]Geographic Spread of Influenza as Assessed by State and Territorial Epidemiologists[/h]
The influenza activity reported by state and territorial epidemiologists indicates geographic spread of influenza viruses but does not measure the severity of influenza activity.
During week 9, the following influenza activity was reported:
Surveillance Methods | FluView Interactive
[h=2]Influenza-Associated Hospitalizations[/h]
The Influenza Hospitalization Surveillance Network (FluSurv-NET) conducts population-based surveillance for laboratory-confirmed influenza-related hospitalizations in select counties in the Emerging Infections Program (EIP) states and Influenza Hospitalization Surveillance Project (IHSP) states.
A total of 16,819 laboratory-confirmed influenza-associated hospitalizations were reported by FluSurv-NET sites between October 1, 2019 and February 29, 2020; 11,707 (69.6%) were associated with influenza A virus, 5,020 (29.8%) with influenza B virus, 51 (0.3%) with influenza A virus and influenza B virus co-infection, and 41 (0.2%) with influenza virus for which the type was not determined. Among those with influenza A subtype information, 3,183 (94.2%) were A(H1N1)pdm09 virus and 196 (5.8%) were A(H3N2).
The overall cumulative hospitalization rate was 57.9 per 100,000 population which is similar to what has been seen during recent previous influenza seasons at this time of year. Rates in school aged children and young adults are higher than at this time in recent seasons, and rates among children 0-4 years old are now the highest CDC has on record at this point in the season, surpassing rates reported during the second wave of the 2009 H1N1 pandemic.
View Full Screen
The highest rate of hospitalization is among adults aged ≥ 65, followed by children aged 0-4 years and adults aged 50-64 years.
Age Group
2019-2020 Season
Cumulative Rate per 100,000 Population
Among 2,528 hospitalized adults with information on underlying medical conditions, 91.9% had at least one reported underlying medical condition, the most commonly reported were cardiovascular disease, metabolic disorder, obesity, and chronic lung disease. Among 443 hospitalized children with information on underlying medical conditions, 48.5% had at least one underlying medical condition; the most commonly reported was asthma. Among 427 hospitalized women of childbearing age (15-44 years) with information on pregnancy status, 25.8% were pregnant.
View Full Screen
Additional hospitalization surveillance information for current and past seasons and additional age groups:
Surveillance Methods | FluView Interactive: Rates by Age or Patient Characteristics
[h=2]Pneumonia and Influenza (P&I) Mortality Surveillance[/h]
Based on National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) mortality surveillance data available on March 5, 2020, 6.9% of the deaths occurring during the week ending February 22, 2020 (week 8) were due to P&I. This percentage is below the epidemic threshold of 7.3% for week 8.
View Chart Data | View Full Screen
Additional pneumonia and influenza mortality surveillance information for current and past seasons:
Surveillance Methods | FluView Interactive
[h=2]Influenza-Associated Pediatric Mortality[/h]
11 influenza-associated pediatric deaths occurring during the 2019-2020 season between weeks 51 and 9 (the weeks ending December 21, 2019 and February 29, 2020) were reported to CDC during week 9. Six were associated with influenza B viruses, and none had a lineage determined. Five were associated with influenza A viruses, and one was subtyped and was an A(H1N1)pdm09 virus.
Of the 136 influenza-associated pediatric deaths occurring during the 2019-2020 season and reported to CDC:
View Full Screen
Additional pediatric mortality surveillance information for current and past seasons:
Surveillance Methods | FluView Interactive
[h=2]Additional National and International Influenza Surveillance Information[/h]
FluView Interactive: FluView includes enhanced web-based interactive applications that can provide dynamic visuals of the influenza data collected and analyzed by CDC. These FluView Interactive applications allow people to create customized, visual interpretations of influenza data, as well as make comparisons across flu seasons, regions, age groups and a variety of other demographics. To access these tools, visit http://www.cdc.gov/flu/weekly/fluviewinteractive.htm
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health: Monthly surveillance data on the prevalence of health-related workplace absenteeism among full-time workers in the United States are available from NIOSH at https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/absences/default.html
U.S. State and local influenza surveillance:Select a jurisdiction below to access the latest local influenza information
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[TD="width: 139"] Puerto Rico [/TD]
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World Health Organization: Additional influenza surveillance information from participating WHO member nations is available through FluNet and the Global Epidemiology Reports.
WHO Collaborating Centers for Influenza located in Australia, China, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States (CDC in Atlanta, Georgia).
Europe: For the most recent influenza surveillance information from Europe, please see WHO/Europe and the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control at http://www.flunewseurope.org/.
Public Health Agency of Canada: The most up-to-date influenza information from Canada is available at http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/fluwatch/
Public Health England: The most up-to-date influenza information from the United Kingdom is available at https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/weekly-national-flu-reports
Any links provided to non-Federal organizations are provided solely as a service to our users. These links do not constitute an endorsement of these organizations or their programs by CDC or the Federal Government, and none should be inferred. CDC is not responsible for the content of the individual organization web pages found at these links.
An overview of the CDC influenza surveillance system, including methodology and detailed descriptions of each data component, is available at: http://www.cdc.gov/flu/weekly/overview.htm.
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Page last reviewed: March 6, 2020, 11:00 AM
Content source: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases (NCIRD)Seasonal Influenza (Flu)
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Influenza Types
https://www.cdc.gov/flu/weekly/index.htm
Key Updates for Week 9, ending February 29, 2020
Key indicators that track flu activity remain high but decreased for the third week in a row. Severity indicators (hospitalizations and deaths) remain moderate to low overall, but hospitalization rates differ by age group, with high rates among children and young adults. [h=4]Viruses[/h]
Clinical Labs
The percentage of respiratory specimens testing positive for influenza at clinical laboratories decreased from 28.0% last week to 24.3% this week.
Public Health Labs
Nationally, influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 viruses are now the most commonly reported influenza viruses this season.
Virus Characterization
Genetic and antigenic characterization and antiviral susceptibility of influenza viruses collected in the U.S. are summarized in this report. [h=4]Illness[/h] Outpatient Illness: ILINet
Visits to health care providers for influenza-like illness (ILI) decreased from 5.5% last week to 5.3% this week. All regions remain above their baselines.
Outpatient Illness: ILINet Activity Map
The number of jurisdictions experiencing high ILI activity decreased from 45 last week to 42 this week.
Geographic Spread
The number of jurisdictions reporting regional or widespread influenza activity increased from 50 last week to 51 this week. [h=4]Severe Disease[/h]
Hospitalizations
The overall cumulative hospitalization rate for the season increased to 57.9 per 100,000.
P&I Mortality
The percentage of deaths attributed to pneumonia and influenza is 6.9%, below the epidemic threshold of 7.3%.
Pediatric Deaths
11 influenza-associated pediatric deaths occurring during the 2019-2020 season were reported this week. The total for the season is 136.
All data are preliminary and may change as more reports are received.
A description of the CDC influenza surveillance system, including methodology and detailed descriptions of each data component is available on the surveillance methods page.
Additional information on the current and previous influenza seasons for each surveillance component are available on FluView Interactive.
Key Points:
- Outpatient ILI and clinical laboratory data remain elevated but decreased for the third week in a row.
- Nationally, influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 viruses are now the most commonly reported influenza viruses this season. Previously, influenza B/Victoria viruses predominated nationally.
- Overall, hospitalization rates remain similar to this time during recent seasons, but rates among school aged children and young adults are higher at this time than in recent seasons and rates among children 0-4 years old are now the highest CDC has on record at this point in the season, surpassing rates reported during the second wave of the 2009 H1N1 pandemic.
- Pneumonia and influenza mortality has been low, but 136 influenza-associated deaths in children have been reported so far this season. This number is higher for the same time period than in every season since reporting began in 2004-05, except for the 2009 pandemic.
- CDC estimates that so far this season there have been at least 34 million flu illnesses, 350,000 hospitalizations and 20,000 deaths from flu.
- Antiviral medications are an important adjunct to flu vaccine in the control of influenza. Almost all (>99%) of the influenza viruses tested this season are susceptible to the four FDA-approved influenza antiviral medications recommended for use in the U.S. this season.
The results of tests performed by clinical laboratories nationwide are summarized below. Data from clinical laboratories (the percentage of specimens tested that are positive for influenza) are used to monitor whether influenza activity is increasing or decreasing.
| 44,491 | 1,012,509 |
| 10,829 (24.3%) | 207,466 (20.5%) |
| 7,821 (72.2%) | 102,650 (49.5%) |
| 3,008 (27.8%) | 104,816 (50.5%) |
September 29, 2019
(week 40) No. of specimens tested No. of positive specimens (%) Positive specimens by type Influenza A Influenza B
View Chart Data | View Full Screen [h=3]Public Health Laboratories[/h]
The results of tests performed by public health laboratories nationwide are summarized below. Data from public health laboratories are used to monitor the proportion of circulating viruses that belong to each influenza subtype/lineage.
| 1,594 | 67,098 |
| 953 | 37,739 |
| 692 (72.6%) | 20,452 (54.2%) |
| 596 (95.2%) | 18,205 (92.0%) |
| 30 (4.8%) | 1,583 (8.0%) |
| 66 | 664 |
| 261 (27.4%) | 17,287 (45.8%) |
| 0 (0.0%) | 213 (1.6%) |
| 207 (100%) | 13,265 (98.4%) |
| 54 | 3,809 |
(week 40) No. of specimens tested No. of positive specimens Positive specimens by type/subtype Influenza A (H1N1)pdm09 H3N2 Subtyping not performed Influenza B Yamagata lineage Victoria lineage Lineage not performed
While influenza B/Victoria viruses predominated earlier in the season, during recent weeks, influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 viruses have been reported more frequently than B/Victoria viruses. For the season, A(H1N1)pdm09 viruses are the predominant virus. The predominant virus varies by region. Regional and state level data about circulating influenza viruses can be found on FluView Interactive.
The predominant virus also varies by age group. Nationally, for the season overall, influenza B viruses are the most commonly reported influenza viruses among children and young adults less than 25 years, while A viruses are the most commonly reported influenza viruses among persons 25 years and older. In the most recent three weeks, influenza A viruses are the most commonly reported influenza viruses in all but the school aged children and young adults (5-24 years old).
View Chart Data | View Full Screen
Additional virologic surveillance information for current and past seasons:
Surveillance Methods | FluView Interactive: National, Regional, and State Data or Age Data
[h=2]Influenza Virus Characterization[/h]
CDC performs genetic and antigenic characterization of U.S. viruses submitted from state and local health laboratories using Right Size Roadmap submission guidance. These data are used to compare how similar the currently circulating influenza viruses are to the reference viruses used for developing new influenza vaccines and to monitor evolutionary changes that continually occur in circulating influenza viruses. Antigenic characterization data are based on an animal model (influenza-naive ferrets), and do not reflect pre-existing protection provided by past influenza infections and vaccinations. Additional antigenic characterization studies involving people vaccinated with current influenza vaccines are conducted later in the season; these data account for pre-existing protection in different populations against circulating influenza viruses. Genetic and antigenic characterization data are not used to make calculations about vaccine effectiveness (VE). CDC conducts VE studies each year to measure the benefits of flu vaccines in people. Interim estimates of 2019-2020 flu vaccine effectiveness have been released.
CDC genetically characterized 1,903 influenza viruses collected in the U.S. from September 29, 2019, to February 29, 2020.
| 645 | |||||
| 6B.1A | 645 (100%) | ||||
| 425 | |||||
| 3C.2a | 402 (94.6%) | 2a1 | 402 (94.6%) | ||
| 2a2 | 0 | ||||
| 2a3 | 0 | ||||
| 2a4 | 0 | ||||
| 3C.3a | 23 (5.4%) | 3a | 23 (5.4%) | ||
| 754 | |||||
| V1A | 754 (100%) | V1A | 0 | ||
| V1A.1 | 53 (7.0%) | ||||
| V1A.3 | 701 (93.0%) | ||||
| 79 | |||||
| Y3 | 79 (100%) |
Virus Subtype or Lineage Genetic Characterization
Total No. of Subtype/Lineage Tested Clade Number (% of subtype/lineage tested) Subclade Number (% of subtype/lineage tested) A/H1 A/H3 B/Victoria B/Yamagata
CDC antigenically characterizes a subset of influenza viruses by hemagglutination inhibition (HI) or neutralization based Focus Reduction assays (FRA). Antigenic drift is evaluated by comparing antigenic properties of cell-propagated reference viruses representing currently recommended vaccine components with those of cell-propagated circulating viruses. CDC antigenically characterized 363 influenza viruses collected in the United States from September 29, 2019, to February 29, 2020. These data are not used to make calculations about vaccine effectiveness (VE). CDC conducts VE studies each year to measure the benefits of flu vaccines in people.
Influenza A Viruses
- A (H1N1)pdm09: 131 A(H1N1)pdm09 viruses were antigenically characterized by HI with ferret antisera, and 113 (86.3%) were antigenically similar (reacting at titers that were within 4-fold of the homologous virus titer) to cell-propagated A/Brisbane/02/2018-like reference viruses representing the A(H1N1)pdm09 component for the 2019-20 Northern Hemisphere influenza vaccines.
- A (H3N2): 76 A(H3N2) viruses were antigenically characterized by FRA with ferret antisera, and 31 (40.8%) were antigenically similar to cell-propagated A/Kansas/14/2017-like reference viruses representing the A(H3N2) component for the 2019-20 Northern Hemisphere influenza vaccines.
Influenza B Viruses
- B/Victoria: 146 B/Victoria lineage viruses, including viruses from both co-circulating sub-clades, were antigenically characterized by HI with ferret antisera, and 95 (65.1%) were antigenically similar to cell-propagated B/Colorado/06/2017-like reference viruses representing the B/Victoria component for the 2019-20 Northern Hemisphere influenza vaccines.
- B/Yamagata: 10 B/Yamagata lineage viruses were antigenically characterized by HI with ferret antisera, and all 10 (100%) were antigenically similar to cell-propagated B/Phuket/3073/2013-like reference viruses representing the B/Yamagata component for the 2019-20 Northern Hemisphere influenza vaccines.
CDC also assesses susceptibility of influenza viruses to the antiviral medications including the neuraminidase inhibitors (oseltamivir, zanamivir, and peramivir) and the PA endonuclease inhibitor baloxavir using next generation sequence analysis supplemented by laboratory assays. Viruses collected in the United States since September 29, 2019, were tested for antiviral susceptibility as follows:
| 1,884 | 643 | 418 | 744 | 79 |
| 1 (0.1%) | (0.0%) | (0.0%) | 1 (0.1%) | (0.0%) |
| 4 (0.2%) | 4 (0.6%) | (0.0%) | (0.0%) | (0.0%) |
| 1,884 | 643 | 418 | 744 | 79 |
| (0.0%) | (0.0%) | (0.0%) | (0.0%) | (0.0%) |
| 5 (0.3%) | 4 (0.6%) | (0.0%) | 1 (0.1%) | (0.0%) |
| 1,884 | 643 | 418 | 744 | 79 |
| 2 (0.1%) | (0.0%) | (0.0%) | 2 (0.3%) | (0.0%) |
| (0.0%) | (0.0%) | (0.0%) | (0.0%) | (0.0%) |
| 2,039 | 663 | 502 | 792 | 82 |
| (0.0%) | (0.0%) | (0.0%) | (0.0%) | (0.0%) |
Antiviral Medication Total Viruses A/H1 A/H3 B/Victoria B/Yamagata Neuraminidase Inhibitors Oseltamivir Viruses Tested Reduced Inhibition Highly Reduced Inhibition Peramivir Viruses Tested Reduced Inhibition
Highly Reduced Inhibition Zanamivir Viruses Tested Reduced Inhibition
Highly Reduced Inhibition PA Endonuclease Inhibitor
Baloxavir Viruses Tested
Reduced Susceptibility
[SIZE=-1]*Six influenza viruses showed reduced or highly reduced inhibition by at least one neuraminidase inhibitor. Four A(H1N1)pdm09 viruses showed highly reduced inhibition to oseltamivir and peramivir while showing normal inhibition to zanamivir. In addition, one B/Victoria virus showed highly reduced inhibition to peramivir and reduced inhibition to oseltamivir and zanamivir, while another influenza B/Victoria virus showed reduced inhibition to zanamivir.[/SIZE]
A total of 515 additional viruses (211 A(H1N1)pdm09, 32 A(H3N2), and 272 B) collected in Alabama, Alaska, Florida, Illinois, Iowa, Louisiana, Massachusetts, Michigan, Nevada, New York, North Carolina, Pennsylvania, South Dakota, Virginia and Wisconsin were analyzed for resistance to neuraminidase inhibitors by pyrosequencing assay. Three (1.4%) of the 211 A(H1N1)pdm09 viruses tested had the H275Y amino acid substitution in the neuraminidase that confers resistance to oseltamivir and potential resistance to peramivir. No markers of resistance to neuraminidase inhibitors were detected in A(H3N2) and type B viruses tested.
[h=2]Outpatient Illness Surveillance[/h] [h=3]ILINet[/h]
Nationwide during week 9, 5.3% of patient visits reported through the U.S. Outpatient Influenza-like Illness Surveillance Network (ILINet) were due to influenza-like illness (ILI). This percentage is above the national baseline of 2.4%.
View Chart Data (current season only) | View Full Screen
On a regional level, the percentage of outpatient visits for ILI ranged from 3.9% to 8.7% during week 9. All regions reported a percentage of outpatient visits for ILI above their region-specific baselines. [h=3]ILI Activity Map[/h]
Data collected in ILINet are used to produce a measure of ILI activity* by state.
During week 9, the following ILI activity levels were experienced:
- High – New York City, Puerto Rico, and 40 states (Alabama, Arkansas, California, Colorado, Connecticut, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Vermont, Virginia, Washington, West Virginia, Wisconsin, and Wyoming)
- Moderate – seven states (Alaska, Delaware, Hawaii, Michigan, Nevada, New Hampshire, and South Dakota)
- Low - one state (Idaho)
- Minimal - the District of Columbia and two states (Arizona and Florida)
- Data were insufficient to calculate an ILI activity level from the U.S. Virgin Islands.
Additional information about medically attended visits for ILI for current and past seasons:
Surveillance Methods | FluView Interactive: National, Regional, and State Data or ILI Activity Map
[h=2]Geographic Spread of Influenza as Assessed by State and Territorial Epidemiologists[/h]
The influenza activity reported by state and territorial epidemiologists indicates geographic spread of influenza viruses but does not measure the severity of influenza activity.
During week 9, the following influenza activity was reported:
- Widespread – Puerto Rico and 48 states (Alabama, Alaska, Arizona, Arkansas, California, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Vermont, Virginia, Washington, West Virginia, Wisconsin, and Wyoming)
- Regional – two states (Hawaii and Oregon)
- Local – the District of Columbia
- Sporadic – the U.S. Virgin Islands
- Guam did not report.
Surveillance Methods | FluView Interactive
[h=2]Influenza-Associated Hospitalizations[/h]
The Influenza Hospitalization Surveillance Network (FluSurv-NET) conducts population-based surveillance for laboratory-confirmed influenza-related hospitalizations in select counties in the Emerging Infections Program (EIP) states and Influenza Hospitalization Surveillance Project (IHSP) states.
A total of 16,819 laboratory-confirmed influenza-associated hospitalizations were reported by FluSurv-NET sites between October 1, 2019 and February 29, 2020; 11,707 (69.6%) were associated with influenza A virus, 5,020 (29.8%) with influenza B virus, 51 (0.3%) with influenza A virus and influenza B virus co-infection, and 41 (0.2%) with influenza virus for which the type was not determined. Among those with influenza A subtype information, 3,183 (94.2%) were A(H1N1)pdm09 virus and 196 (5.8%) were A(H3N2).
The overall cumulative hospitalization rate was 57.9 per 100,000 population which is similar to what has been seen during recent previous influenza seasons at this time of year. Rates in school aged children and young adults are higher than at this time in recent seasons, and rates among children 0-4 years old are now the highest CDC has on record at this point in the season, surpassing rates reported during the second wave of the 2009 H1N1 pandemic.
The highest rate of hospitalization is among adults aged ≥ 65, followed by children aged 0-4 years and adults aged 50-64 years.
| Overall | 57.9 |
| 0-4 years | 84.9 |
| 5-17 years | 21.6 |
| 18-49 years | 31.2 |
| 50-64 years | 76.1 |
| 65+ years | 147.5 |
Cumulative Rate per 100,000 Population
Among 2,528 hospitalized adults with information on underlying medical conditions, 91.9% had at least one reported underlying medical condition, the most commonly reported were cardiovascular disease, metabolic disorder, obesity, and chronic lung disease. Among 443 hospitalized children with information on underlying medical conditions, 48.5% had at least one underlying medical condition; the most commonly reported was asthma. Among 427 hospitalized women of childbearing age (15-44 years) with information on pregnancy status, 25.8% were pregnant.
Additional hospitalization surveillance information for current and past seasons and additional age groups:
Surveillance Methods | FluView Interactive: Rates by Age or Patient Characteristics
[h=2]Pneumonia and Influenza (P&I) Mortality Surveillance[/h]
Based on National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) mortality surveillance data available on March 5, 2020, 6.9% of the deaths occurring during the week ending February 22, 2020 (week 8) were due to P&I. This percentage is below the epidemic threshold of 7.3% for week 8.
View Chart Data | View Full Screen
Additional pneumonia and influenza mortality surveillance information for current and past seasons:
Surveillance Methods | FluView Interactive
[h=2]Influenza-Associated Pediatric Mortality[/h]
11 influenza-associated pediatric deaths occurring during the 2019-2020 season between weeks 51 and 9 (the weeks ending December 21, 2019 and February 29, 2020) were reported to CDC during week 9. Six were associated with influenza B viruses, and none had a lineage determined. Five were associated with influenza A viruses, and one was subtyped and was an A(H1N1)pdm09 virus.
Of the 136 influenza-associated pediatric deaths occurring during the 2019-2020 season and reported to CDC:
- 93 deaths were associated with influenza B viruses, and 18 had a lineage determined; all were B/Victoria viruses.
- 43 deaths were associated with influenza A viruses, and 24 were subtyped; 23 were A(H1N1)pdm09 viruses, and one was an A(H3) virus.
View Full Screen
Additional pediatric mortality surveillance information for current and past seasons:
Surveillance Methods | FluView Interactive
[h=2]Additional National and International Influenza Surveillance Information[/h]
FluView Interactive: FluView includes enhanced web-based interactive applications that can provide dynamic visuals of the influenza data collected and analyzed by CDC. These FluView Interactive applications allow people to create customized, visual interpretations of influenza data, as well as make comparisons across flu seasons, regions, age groups and a variety of other demographics. To access these tools, visit http://www.cdc.gov/flu/weekly/fluviewinteractive.htm
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health: Monthly surveillance data on the prevalence of health-related workplace absenteeism among full-time workers in the United States are available from NIOSH at https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/absences/default.html
U.S. State and local influenza surveillance:Select a jurisdiction below to access the latest local influenza information
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World Health Organization: Additional influenza surveillance information from participating WHO member nations is available through FluNet and the Global Epidemiology Reports.
WHO Collaborating Centers for Influenza located in Australia, China, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States (CDC in Atlanta, Georgia).
Europe: For the most recent influenza surveillance information from Europe, please see WHO/Europe and the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control at http://www.flunewseurope.org/.
Public Health Agency of Canada: The most up-to-date influenza information from Canada is available at http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/fluwatch/
Public Health England: The most up-to-date influenza information from the United Kingdom is available at https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/weekly-national-flu-reports
Any links provided to non-Federal organizations are provided solely as a service to our users. These links do not constitute an endorsement of these organizations or their programs by CDC or the Federal Government, and none should be inferred. CDC is not responsible for the content of the individual organization web pages found at these links.
An overview of the CDC influenza surveillance system, including methodology and detailed descriptions of each data component, is available at: http://www.cdc.gov/flu/weekly/overview.htm.
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Page last reviewed: March 6, 2020, 11:00 AM
Content source: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases (NCIRD)Seasonal Influenza (Flu)
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