US - 2 new outbreaks of SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 in cats and dog, California, Texas (OIE, July 9, 2020)

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[TD="align: left"]SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19,
United States of America[/TD]
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[TD]Information received on 09/07/2020 from Dr Mark Davidson, Associate Administrator, USDA-APHIS, United States Department of Agriculture, Washington, United States of America[/TD]
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[TD]Summary

[TD="width: 10%"]Report type[/TD]
[TD="width: 30%"]Follow-up report No. 9[/TD]

[TD="width: 10%"]Date of start of the event[/TD]
[TD="width: 30%"]27/03/2020[/TD]

[TD="width: 10%"]Date of confirmation of the event[/TD]
[TD="width: 30%"]04/04/2020[/TD]

[TD="width: 10%"]Report date[/TD]
[TD="width: 30%"]09/07/2020[/TD]

[TD="width: 10%"]Date submitted to OIE[/TD]
[TD="width: 30%"]09/07/2020[/TD]

[TD="width: 10%"]Reason for notification[/TD]
[TD="width: 30%"]Emerging disease[/TD]

[TD="width: 10%"]Morbidity[/TD]
[TD="width: 30%"]2 (scale 0 to 5)[/TD]

[TD="width: 10%"]Mortality[/TD]
[TD="width: 30%"]0 (scale 0 to 5)[/TD]

[TD="width: 10%"]Zoonotic impact[/TD]
[TD="width: 30%"]Zoonotic potential currently unknown[/TD]

[TD="width: 10%"]Causal agent[/TD]
[TD="width: 30%"]SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19[/TD]

[TD="width: 10%"]Related reports[/TD]
[TD="width: 30%"] Immediate notification (06/04/2020) Follow-up report No. 1 (17/04/2020) Follow-up report No. 2 (22/04/2020) Follow-up report No. 3 (29/04/2020) Follow-up report No. 4 (02/06/2020) Follow-up report No. 5 (03/06/2020) Follow-up report No. 6 (10/06/2020) Follow-up report No. 7 (25/06/2020) Follow-up report No. 8 (02/07/2020) Follow-up report No. 9 (09/07/2020) [/TD]

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[TD]New outbreaks (2)[/TD]
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Orange County, Orange, California
Date of start of the outbreak	25/06/2020
Outbreak status	Continuing (or date resolved not provided)
Epidemiological unit	Other
Affected animals	Species Susceptible Cases Deaths Killed and disposed of Slaughtered Cats 2 1 1 0 0
Affected population	Pet domestic cat (Felis catus) in a residential household

[TD="align: left"]Outbreak 1[/TD]

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Tarrant County, Tarrant, Texas
Date of start of the outbreak	26/06/2020
Outbreak status	Continuing (or date resolved not provided)
Epidemiological unit	Other
Affected animals	Species Susceptible Cases Deaths Killed and disposed of Slaughtered Dogs 1 1 0 0 0
Affected population	Pet domestic dog (Canis lupus familiaris) in a residential household

[TD="align: left"]Outbreak 2[/TD]

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Total outbreaks: 2
Total animals affected	Species Susceptible Cases Deaths Killed and disposed of Slaughtered Cats 2 1 1 0 0 Dogs 1 1 0 0 0
Outbreak statistics	Species Apparent morbidity rate Apparent mortality rate Apparent case fatality rate Proportion susceptible animals lost* Cats 50.00% 50.00% 100.00% 50.00% Dogs 100.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

[TD="align: left"]Summary of outbreaks[/TD]

[TD="colspan: 2"]*Removed from the susceptible population through death, destruction and/or slaughter[/TD]

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[TD]Epidemiology

Source of the outbreak(s) or origin of infection

Suspected human transmission

Epidemiological comments

9 Jul 2020 Update— California (CA): A domestic cat from a known positive COVID-19 household was confirmed positive for SARS-CoV-2 at the National Veterinary Services Laboratories based upon molecular testing (sequencing). The cat first showed clinical signs of difficulty breathing and was later hospitalized for tachypnea, hypothermia and heart murmur. Further diagnostics revealed abnormalities consistent with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. The cat's condition worsened and it died, likely due to its cardiac condition. The cat tested positive for both mycoplasma felis and SARS-CoV-2 at the initial testing laboratory. A second pet cat in the household has shown no clinical signs of disease. Texas (TX): A domestic dog from a known positive COVID-19 household was confirmed positive for SARS-CoV-2 at the National Veterinary Services Laboratories based upon molecular testing (PCR and sequencing). The dog has shown no clinical signs of illness and was initially tested because it was leaving a COVID-19 positive household and entering a veterinary facility for boarding.

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[TD]Control measures

Measures applied	Quarantine Disinfection Vaccination permitted (if a vaccine exists) No treatment of affected animals
Measures to be applied	No other measures

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[TD]Diagnostic test results

Laboratory name and type	Species	Test	Test date	Result
National Veterinary Services Laboratories (National laboratory)	Cats	gene sequencing	02/07/2020	Positive
National Veterinary Services Laboratories (National laboratory)	Dogs	gene sequencing	06/07/2020	Positive
National Veterinary Services Laboratories (National laboratory)	Dogs	real-time reverse transcriptase/polymerase chain reaction (RRT-PCR)	06/07/2020	Positive

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[TD]Future Reporting

The event is continuing. Weekly follow-up reports will be submitted.

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https://www.oie.int/wahis_2/public/w...reportid=34991

 

[Emily]

I'm surprised USDA is defining these suspected sporadic human to household pet transfers as 'outbreaks'.

https://www.cdc.gov/csels/dsepd/ss1978/lesson1/section11.html

Lesson 1: Introduction to Epidemiology
Section 11: Epidemic Disease Occurrence
Level of disease

The amount of a particular disease that is usually present in a community is referred to as the baseline or endemic level of the disease. This level is not necessarily the desired level, which may in fact be zero, but rather is the observed level. In the absence of intervention and assuming that the level is not high enough to deplete the pool of susceptible persons, the disease may continue to occur at this level indefinitely. Thus, the baseline level is often regarded as the expected level of the disease.
While some diseases are so rare in a given population that a single case warrants an epidemiologic investigation (e.g., rabies, plague, polio), other diseases occur more commonly so that only deviations from the norm warrant investigation. Sporadic refers to a disease that occurs infrequently and irregularly. Endemic refers to the constant presence and/or usual prevalence of a disease or infectious agent in a population within a geographic area. Hyperendemic refers to persistent, high levels of disease occurrence.
Occasionally, the amount of disease in a community rises above the expected level. Epidemic refers to an increase, often sudden, in the number of cases of a disease above what is normally expected in that population in that area. Outbreak carries the same definition of epidemic, but is often used for a more limited geographic area. Cluster refers to an aggregation of cases grouped in place and time that are suspected to be greater than the number expected, even though the expected number may not be known. Pandemic refers to an epidemic that has spread over several countries or continents, usually affecting a large number of people...