Uruguay - First confirmed human case of equine encephalitis (January 30, 2024)

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The doubts of an infectologist after the confirmation of the first case of equine encephalitis in humans in Uruguay

The detection of an infected person showed that there are difficulties in confirming the diagnosis, warned a professor of Infectious Diseases

By Pedro Tristant
Jan 31, 2024 07:46 am EST

(From Montevideo, Uruguay) - The viral circulation of equine encephalitis confirmed in several animals in Uruguay made the confirmation of the first case in a human "expectable." This was announced by the Ministry of Public Health (MSP) this Tuesday, when it reported a positive result in a person residing in the department of San José. The affected person has been “evolving favorably” and so far it is the “only confirmed case,” highlighted the Uruguayan health authority.

The patient is a 42-year-old man, originally from Colonia Wilson, a town in San José located 43 kilometers from Montevideo. This patient had been tested on January 5 by the ministry and the PCR result was negative , El País reported this Wednesday. The second study was performed at the request of a neurologist and gave a positive result.

Asked about the difference between one test and the other, the director of Health of San José, Pablo Álvarez, answered that the same technique was applied. “It is a matter of sensitivity and specificity at different times of the disease. No test is 100% sensitive to detect a disease or 100% specific to rule it out,” he stated.

After the confirmation of the first case in humans, infectious disease specialist Julio Medina left a series of questions on his X account that he believes should be asked in this situation.
...
Medina, meanwhile, assured that this case shows a “difficulty” in “confirming the diagnosis” and that, in the face of a negative result, “it must be insisted upon” when the suspicion of the disease is “high . ” “It was then a severe encephalitis and the evolution of the duration of persistent neurological symptoms will have to be evaluated,” she wrote.

The infectious disease specialist explained in another post that infection in horses precedes infection in humans. “Horses, as well as humans, act as inefficient hosts for the transmission of the virus. It is the mosquito that, after biting a bird with the virus, infects us by biting us,” he assured.

“Although the virus is present throughout the national territory, it is reasonable to think that there are departments with more risk than others. However, we should all take additional precautions to reduce the risk,” Medina suggested.

The latest data from the Ministry of Livestock, Agriculture and Fisheries – updated as of Tuesday the 23rd – show that in Uruguay 71 horses that tested positive for equine encephalitis have died and another 192 have died with symptoms. The horses recovered, meanwhile, were 347 and there are another 236 in recovery.

The health authority also suggests the use of repellent, in spray, lotion or cream, and the use of protective clothing such as long pants and long-sleeved shirts. “Measures must be reinforced against outdoor exposure. As much as possible, keep homes with cool spaces and use mosquito nets on the windows,” the statement concludes.

https://www.infobae.com/america/ame...de-encefalitis-equina-en-humanos-en-uruguay/​

-----------------------------------------------

Equine encephalitis

01/30/2024

The Ministry of Public Health (MSP) reports that its Laboratory Department confirmed a positive result for equine encephalitis (EEO) in a resident of the department of San José.

The viral circulation confirmed by the Ministry of Livestock, Agriculture and Fisheries (MGAP) in several animals from different departments made the occurrence of some human case expected, as has occurred in other countries. The patient has been progressing favorably and so far it is the only case.

It is remembered that the vector that transmits the equine encephalitis infection in humans is the mosquito and the measures to avoid the bite of insects that may be infected are:

• Remove trash: eliminate potential mosquito breeding sites such as containers (bottles, cans and others) that are outdoors or empty them, clean their edges and store them upside down. Tightly cover tanks, barrels and other water containers. Avoid accumulating tires outdoors.
• Use of repellent: it can be in spray, lotion or cream for application on the skin. Do not apply repellent to children under 6 months, in which case the use of mosquito nets in cribs, beds and strollers is recommended.
• Wearing appropriate clothing: Protective clothing such as long pants and long-sleeved shirts. Measures must be reinforced against outdoor exposure. As much as possible, keep homes with cool spaces and use mosquito nets on windows.

​https://www.gub.uy/ministerio-salud-publica/comunicacion/comunicados/encefalitis-equina

------------------------------------------------

Equine encephalomyelitis

Updated situation report on Equine Encephalomyelitis in Uruguay

01/31/2024



Updated situation report with the data provided by the Animal Health Division (DILAVE) of the General Directorate of Livestock Services of the Ministry of Livestock, Agriculture and Fisheries (MGAP) and the Ministry of Public Health (MSP).

Tuesday January 30, 2024

Data provided by the Animal Health Division (DILAVE) of the General Directorate of Livestock Services of the Ministry of Livestock, Agriculture and Fisheries (MGAP) . [TABLE="class: Table Table--responsive, width: 808"]
[TR]
[TD]Establishments visited[/TD]
[TD="class: text-align-right"]554[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD]Resident equines[/TD]
[TD="class: text-align-right"]15,679[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD]Recovered horses with clinical symptoms[/TD]
[TD="class: text-align-right"]433[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD]Equines in recovery with clinical symptoms[/TD]
[TD="class: text-align-right"]252[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD]Dead horses with clinical symptoms[/TD]
[TD="class: text-align-right"]231[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD]Dead horses with a positive diagnosis for Equine Encephalitis[/TD]
[TD="class: text-align-right"]76[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD]Dead horses and negative for Equine Encephalitis[/TD]
[TD="class: text-align-right"]31[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD] [/TD]
[TD="class: text-align-right"] [/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD]National equine population[/TD]
[TD="class: text-align-right"]399,307[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD]Horses sick with Equine Encephalomyelitis[/TD]
[TD="class: text-align-right"]0.25%[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD]Horses killed by Equine Encephalomyelitis[/TD]
[TD="class: text-align-right"]0.08%[/TD]
[/TR]
[/TABLE]
Dead horses and positive for Equine Encephalomyelitis by department [TABLE="class: Table Table--responsive, width: 808"]
[TR]
[TD]Artigas[/TD]
[TD="class: text-align-right"]3[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD]Long Hill [/TD]
[TD="class: text-align-right"]1[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD]cannelloni[/TD]
[TD="class: text-align-right"]3[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD]Peach[/TD]
[TD="class: text-align-right"]1[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD]Flowers[/TD]
[TD="class: text-align-right"]2[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD]Lavalleja[/TD]
[TD="class: text-align-right"]3[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD]Montevideo[/TD]
[TD="class: text-align-right"]1[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD]Paysandu[/TD]
[TD="class: text-align-right"]13[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD]Black river [/TD]
[TD="class: text-align-right"]10[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD]Rivera[/TD]
[TD="class: text-align-right"]2[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD]Rocha[/TD]
[TD="class: text-align-right"]3[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD]Leap[/TD]
[TD="class: text-align-right"]1[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD]Saint Joseph[/TD]
[TD="class: text-align-right"]23[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD]Soriano[/TD]
[TD="class: text-align-right"]2[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD]Tacuarembó[/TD]
[TD="class: text-align-right"]4[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD]Thirty-three[/TD]
[TD="class: text-align-right"]4[/TD]
[/TR]
[/TABLE]


Tuesday January 30, 2024

The Department of Laboratories of the Ministry of Public Health reported the first confirmed case of a positive result for equine encephalitis (EEO) in a person .

Likewise, he explained that the viral circulation confirmed by the Ministry of Livestock, Agriculture and Fisheries (MGAP) in several animals from different departments made the occurrence of some human case expected, as has occurred in other countries. The patient, a resident of the department of San José, has been progressing favorably and so far is the only case.

It is remembered that the vector that transmits the equine encephalitis infection in humans is the mosquito and the measures to avoid the bite of insects that may be infected are:

• Remove trash: eliminate potential mosquito breeding sites such as containers (bottles, cans and others) that are outdoors or empty them, clean their edges and store them upside down. Tightly cover tanks, barrels and other water containers. Avoid accumulating tires outdoors.
• Use of repellent: it can be in spray, lotion or cream for application to the skin. Do not apply repellent to children under 6 months, in which case the use of mosquito nets in cribs, beds and strollers is recommended.
• Wearing appropriate clothing: Protective clothing such as long pants and long-sleeved shirts. Measures must be reinforced against outdoor exposure. As much as possible, keep homes with cool spaces and use mosquito nets on windows.

​https://www.gub.uy/sistema-nacional...n-actualizado-encefalomielitis-equina-uruguay

 

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MSP follows up 7 people for symptoms of equine encephalitis

In Argentina there have been 39 cases; five people died

01/31/2024

The Ministry of Public Health (MSP) is carrying out clinical follow-up on seven patients as probable cases of equine encephalomyelitis. This Tuesday, the first Uruguayan patient with this disease was confirmed, a rural worker from San José who does not have direct contact with horses and who is in good health.

The Minister of Public Health, Karina Rando, and Undersecretary José Luis Satjián reported this Wednesday that the patient is a 42-year-old man. “Today he is in good health, after having gone through a slightly more complex situation, but he is currently doing well,” Rando said.

Not only those people who are in contact with horses can be the ones who become infected, the minister warned and recalled that the contagion occurs through mosquito bites. Not only Aedes aegypti, but the common mosquito can also spread.

The cases under study are from San José, Soriano, Rocha, Montevideo, Paysandú and Canelones. Not everyone will need a lumbar puncture, which is the diagnostic method used. “Most of the cases are mild cases with good evolution, which does not mean that some cannot evolve badly, as I already told you that there are five deceased cases in America,” said Rando.

The authorities also reported that no specific measures will be taken in any department. Yes, the population is recommended to follow prevention measures against mosquitoes.

The disease is in the Americas region. In Argentina there have been 39 cases; five people died.

https://mediospublicos.uy/msp-hace-seguimiento-a-7-personas-por-sintomas-de-encefalitis-equina/

 

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Western Equine Encephalitis - Uruguay

8 February 2024

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Situation at a Glance

On 30 January 2024, the International Health Regulations National Focal Point (IHR NFP) of Uruguay notified the World Health Organization (WHO) of a human case of western equine encephalitis (WEE) virus infection. The patient is a 42-year-old from a rural area in the Department of San Jose, in southern Uruguay. This is the first confirmed human case reported in Uruguay in more than a decade, since the last reported human cases of WEE occurred in 2009. WEE is a rare mosquito-borne viral disease that affects equines and humans. Most human cases are associated with outbreaks in birds or horses. The virus has the potential to spread through the migration of infected birds or the movement of people and animals carrying the virus. Given that birds act as a reservoir, they can act as amplifying hosts for viral dissemination to other countries. At-risk groups include people who live, work, or participate in outdoor activities in endemic areas or where there are active disease outbreaks in animals. WEE virus vaccines are available for equines. It is advisable to seek high vaccination coverage among susceptible equines in areas considered at risk and to carry out annual vaccination boosters.

Description of the Situation


On 30 January 2024, the IHR NFP of Uruguay notified the Pan American Health Organization/World Health Organization (PAHO/WHO) of a confirmed human case of WEE. The case, a 42-year-old person from a rural area in the Department of San Jose, is the first human case of WEE in Uruguay since 2009 (1)(2).

The patient had onset of symptoms in the first days of January 2024, reporting headache, fever, photophobia and vomiting. Later the patient presented with deterioration of consciousness, and medical imaging patterns were compatible with encephalitis, requiring admission to intensive care for a few days. Currently the patient has recovered and has been discharged. (1)(2).

During the case’s disease evolution, analysis of cerebrospinal fluid was performed according to the protocol and supplies available in the region. The sample was processed by the National Laboratory of the Ministry of Health of Uruguay. Initially a negative result by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was obtained. The patient's evolution required several further lumbar punctures, which were analyzed for the detection of IgM antibodies specific for WEE virus, and on 30 January 2024 a positive result was obtained (1)(2).

Regarding the epidemiological background, the individual resides in a rural area in a department of the country with known WEE viral circulation; this department has the highest incidence of confirmed cases in equines in the country. According to the epidemiological investigation, the patient had not had direct contact with equines.

Between 5 December 2023 and 30 January 2024, Uruguay’s Ministry of Livestock, Agriculture and Fisheries confirmed 76 equine WEE cases in 16 departments of the country: Artigas, Canelones, Cerro Largo, Durazno, Flores, Lavalleja, Montevideo, Paysandú, Río Negro, Rivera, Rocha, Salto, San José, Soriano, Tacuarembó, and Treinta y Tres. The Department of San Jose recorded the highest proportion of equine cases, accounting for 30% of the confirmed equine cases in the country (3).

Epidemiology


WEE is a rare mosquito-borne disease caused by a virus of the same name, which belongs to the genus Alphavirus of the Togaviridae family, to which the eastern equine encephalitis (EEE) and Venezuelan equine encephalitis (VEE) viruses also belong. The main reservoir hosts of EEE and WEE viruses are passerine birds. In humans, the WEE virus can cause disease ranging from subclinical or moderate symptoms to severe forms of aseptic meningitis and encephalitis.

The virus has the potential to spread through the migration of infected birds or even through the movement of people and animals carrying the virus. Given that birds act as a reservoir, they can act as amplifying hosts for viral dissemination to other countries. At-risk groups include people who live, work, or participate in outdoor activities in endemic areas or where there are declared active disease outbreaks in animals.

WEE virus mainly circulates in the western regions of Canada and the United States and the southern cone of South America (4). Since late November 2023, a significant number of equine outbreaks have been observed in Uruguay. The last human case of WEE reported in Uruguay was in 2009 (5).

Public Health Response


Local and national health authorities have implemented public health measures based on the recently published PAHO/WHO recommendations, with an inter-institutional and comprehensive approach between animal health, human health and environmental health (One Health). This includes strengthening capacity for detection, follow-up and monitoring of laboratory confirmation of suspected cases; risk communication with special emphasis on prevention and control measures at the environmental level; vector control; and personal protection measures (1).

WHO Risk Assessment


In humans, the WEE virus can cause manifestations ranging from subclinical or moderate symptoms to severe forms of aseptic meningitis and encephalitis. Passerine birds are the main reservoir hosts for EEE and WEE viruses; however, in South America, other mammals, such as rodents and bats, may play a role as significant reservoirs of the virus, while equines and humans serve as terminal hosts (6)(7).

The transmission of the WEE virus primarily occurs through the bite of infected mosquitoes acting as vectors. The main vectors are mosquitoes of the genera Culex, Culiseta and Aedes. These vectors maintain the circulation of the virus in wild enzootic cycles where birds act as the primary reservoirs. In the WEE outbreak in Argentina in 1983, the Aedes albifasciatus has been described as a potential vector of this virus (8). Humans and equines, acting as terminal hosts, do not contribute to the virus’s ongoing transmission to mosquitoes (6). People who work outside or participate in outdoor activities are at greater risk because of mosquito exposure.

Outbreaks of WEE in humans generally present as isolated cases with moderate symptoms; most infections are asymptomatic. Neurological manifestations include meningitis, encephalitis, or myelitis. As with other arboviral encephalitis, the one caused by WEE is characterized by fever, altered mental status, seizures, or focal neurological signs including movement disorders (9). It has been documented that mortality in humans ranges from 3% to 4% (6). There is no specific antiviral treatment, and care measures are supportive.

WHO Advice


Below is a summary of the main recommendations for surveillance, prevention measures and risk communication.

Laboratory diagnosis of WEE in humans

The diagnosis of WEE virus infection requires confirmation through laboratory techniques, since the clinical presentation is not specific. These laboratory methods include virological (direct) diagnostic methods by nucleic acid amplification or cell culture; and serological (indirect) methods, aiming to detect antibodies produced against the virus. Generally, samples for diagnosis include serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). CSF should only be collected in cases with neurological symptoms and by clinical indication. Detailed information on laboratory confirmation can be found in the Laboratory Guidelines for the Detection and Diagnosis of Western Equine Encephalitis Virus Human Infection (4). A negative blood PCR should not be used to rule out WEE.

Surveillance

In risk areas with reported active outbreaks in animals, it is recommended to strengthen active human case finding for compatible neurological syndromes without any other defined diagnosis, taking into account the incubation period, geographic area, and environmental conditions.

Prevention Measures

The preventive actions listed below must be organized within the framework of One Health, considering inter-institutional and comprehensive action between animal health, human health, and the environment.

Managing the environment

Considering the ecology and biology of the main vectors of the WEE virus, the main prevention measure is environmental management, seeking to reduce the number of mosquitoes and their contact with equines and humans. These measures include:

• Filling or draining water collections, ponds, or temporary flooding sites that may serve as sites of female oviposition and breeding sites for mosquito larvae.
• Elimination of weeds around the premises to reduce mosquito resting and shelter sites.
• Protection of equines by sheltering them in stables with mosquito nets, particularly at times when mosquitoes are most active.

Although the main vectors do not have indoor habits, it is advisable to protect homes with mosquito nets on doors and windows; in this way, other arboviruses are prevented.

Vector control measures for WEE should be considered within an integrated vector management framework. It is important to consider that the decision to carry out vector control activities with insecticides depends on entomological surveillance data and the variables that may increase the risk of transmission, including insecticide resistance data. Insecticide spraying may be considered an additional measure and, where technically feasible, in areas of transmission where high mosquito populations are detected. The methodology should be established based on the ecology and behavior of local vectors.

Vaccination in equines

• Vaccines are available for equines. It is advisable to seek high vaccination coverage among susceptible equines in areas considered at risk and to carry out annual vaccination boosters.

Personal Protective Measures

• Use of clothing that covers the legs and arms.
• Use of repellents containing Diethyltoluamide (DEET), IR3535 or Icaridin, which may be applied to exposed skin or clothing, and should be used in strict accordance with the instructions on the product label.
• Use of wire mesh/mosquito nets on doors and windows.
• Use of insecticide-treated or non-insecticide nets for daytime sleepers (e.g., pregnant women, infants, bedridden persons, elderly persons, and night shift workers).
• In outbreak situations, outdoor activities should be avoided during the period of greatest mosquito activity (dawn and dusk).

WHO does not recommend any specific measures for travellers. WHO does not recommend any travel and/or trade restrictions for Uruguay based on the currently available information.​

...
https://www.who.int/emergencies/disease-outbreak-news/item/2024-DON505

 

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Equine encephalitis

Weekly report on Equine Encephalitis - 2/13/2024

Reports
02/14/2024

Surveillance of Western Equine Encephalitis-Encephalitis/meningititis of probable viral etiology. Source: prepared by the Department of Health Surveillance with data from the SG-DEVISA computer system. Population Health Surveillance Area. Ministry of Public Health. Uruguay.

Discarded cases: 5
Suspected cases: 17
Confirmed cases: 4

Number of suspected cases of encephalitis/meningitis with probable viral etiology, confirmed for equine encephalitis and ruled out for equine encephalitis by department. Uruguay, 2024. [TABLE="class: Table Table--responsive, width: 808"]
[TR]
[TD="class: xl68"]Department[/TD]
[TD="class: xl68"]Confirmed cases*[/TD]
[TD="class: xl68"]Cases ruled out[/TD]
[TD="class: xl68"]Suspected cases of viral meningitis/encephalitis under follow-up*[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD="class: xl66"]ARTIGAS[/TD]
[TD="class: xl69"]0[/TD]
[TD="class: xl69"]0[/TD]
[TD="class: xl69"]1[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD="class: xl66"]CANNELLONI[/TD]
[TD="class: xl69"]0[/TD]
[TD="class: xl69"]0[/TD]
[TD="class: xl69"]2[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD="class: xl66"]MALDONADO[/TD]
[TD="class: xl69"]1[/TD]
[TD="class: xl69"]1[/TD]
[TD="class: xl69"]0[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD="class: xl66"]MONTEVIDEO[/TD]
[TD="class: xl69"]1[/TD]
[TD="class: xl69"]1[/TD]
[TD="class: xl69"]5[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD="class: xl66"]PAYSANDU [/TD]
[TD="class: xl69"]0[/TD]
[TD="class: xl69"]1[/TD]
[TD="class: xl69"]1[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD="class: xl66"]BLACK RIVER[/TD]
[TD="class: xl69"]0[/TD]
[TD="class: xl69"]0[/TD]
[TD="class: xl69"]2[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD="class: xl66"]ROCHA [/TD]
[TD="class: xl69"]0[/TD]
[TD="class: xl69"]0[/TD]
[TD="class: xl69"]1[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD="class: xl66"]SAINT JOSEPH [/TD]
[TD="class: xl69"]2[/TD]
[TD="class: xl69"]1[/TD]
[TD="class: xl69"]3[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD="class: xl66"]SORIANO [/TD]
[TD="class: xl69"]0[/TD]
[TD="class: xl69"]1[/TD]
[TD="class: xl69"]2[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD="class: xl66"]Total[/TD]
[TD="class: xl69"]4[/TD]
[TD="class: xl69"]5[/TD]
[TD="class: xl69"]17[/TD]
[/TR]
[/TABLE]
* Clinical and laboratory monitoring

One of the confirmed cases developed his illness in December 2023 and was detected by the Department of Public Health Laboratories in February 2024.

Probable common epidemiological link with case 1 . Origin and evolution of confirmed cases of western equine encephalitis. Uruguay, 2024. [TABLE="class: Table Table--responsive, width: 808"]
[TR]
[TD="class: xl66"]Case[/TD]
[TD="class: xl66"]Onset of symptoms[/TD]
[TD="class: xl66"]Department[/TD]
[TD="class: xl66"]Sex[/TD]
[TD="class: xl66"]Age[/TD]
[TD="class: xl66"]Clinical form[/TD]
[TD="class: xl66"]Link with horses[/TD]
[TD="class: xl66"]Evolution[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD="class: xl67"]Case 1[/TD]
[TD="class: xl68"]Jan-24[/TD]
[TD="class: xl67"]SAINT JOSEPH[/TD]
[TD="class: xl67"]M[/TD]
[TD="class: xl67"]42[/TD]
[TD="class: xl67"]Encephalitis[/TD]
[TD="class: xl67"]No[/TD]
[TD="class: xl67"]high[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD="class: xl67"]Case 2[/TD]
[TD="class: xl68"]Jan-24[/TD]
[TD="class: xl67"]MONTEVIDEO[/TD]
[TD="class: xl67"]M[/TD]
[TD="class: xl67"]43[/TD]
[TD="class: xl67"]Encephalitis[/TD]
[TD="class: xl67"]Yeah[/TD]
[TD="class: xl67"]In process[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD="class: xl67"]Case 3[/TD]
[TD="class: xl68"]Jan-24[/TD]
[TD="class: xl67"]MALDONADO[/TD]
[TD="class: xl67"]M [/TD]
[TD="class: xl67"]73[/TD]
[TD="class: xl67"]Encephalitis[/TD]
[TD="class: xl67"]No[/TD]
[TD="class: xl67"]In process[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD="class: xl67"]Case 4[/TD]
[TD="class: xl68"]Dec-23[/TD]
[TD="class: xl67"]SAINT JOSEPH[/TD]
[TD="class: xl67"]M[/TD]
[TD="class: xl67"]fifty[/TD]
[TD="class: xl67"]Mild[/TD]
[TD="class: xl67"]Yeah[/TD]
[TD="class: xl67"]high[/TD]
[/TR]
[/TABLE]
* Under clinical follow-up and under epidemiological investigation.
​

...
https://www.gub.uy/ministerio-salud...orte-semanal-sobre-encefalitis-equina-1322024

 

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Equine encephalitis

Weekly report on Equine Encephalitis - 3/26/2024

Reports
03/26/2024

Surveillance of Western Equine Encephalitis-Encephalitis/meningititis of probable viral etiology. Source: prepared by the Department of Health Surveillance with data from the SG-DEVISA computer system. Population Health Surveillance Area. Ministry of Public Health. Uruguay.

Confirmed cases: 5

Suspected cases of viral encephalitis*: 25

Discarded cases: 37

* 11 of these cases present a first sample with a negative result.
...
Origin and evolution of confirmed cases of western equine encephalitis. Uruguay, 2023-2024. [TABLE="class: Table Table--responsive, width: 808"]
[TR]
[TD="class: xl67"]Case[/TD]
[TD="class: xl67"]Onset of symptoms[/TD]
[TD="class: xl67"]Department[/TD]
[TD="class: xl67"]Sex[/TD]
[TD="class: xl67"]Age[/TD]
[TD="class: xl67"]Clinical form[/TD]
[TD="class: xl67"]Link with horses[/TD]
[TD="class: xl67"]Evolution[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD="class: xl65"]1[/TD]
[TD="class: xl66"]Jan-24[/TD]
[TD="class: xl65"]SAINT JOSEPH[/TD]
[TD="class: xl65"]M[/TD]
[TD="class: xl65"]42[/TD]
[TD="class: xl65"]Encephalitis[/TD]
[TD="class: xl65"]No[/TD]
[TD="class: xl65"]high[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD="class: xl65"]2[/TD]
[TD="class: xl66"]Jan-24[/TD]
[TD="class: xl65"]MONTEVIDEO[/TD]
[TD="class: xl65"]M[/TD]
[TD="class: xl65"]43[/TD]
[TD="class: xl65"]Encephalitis[/TD]
[TD="class: xl65"]Yeah[/TD]
[TD="class: xl65"]high[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD="class: xl65"]3[/TD]
[TD="class: xl66"]Jan-24[/TD]
[TD="class: xl65"]MALDONADO[/TD]
[TD="class: xl65"]M[/TD]
[TD="class: xl65"]73[/TD]
[TD="class: xl65"]Encephalitis[/TD]
[TD="class: xl65"]No[/TD]
[TD="class: xl65"]high[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD="class: xl65"]4[/TD]
[TD="class: xl66"]Dec-23[/TD]
[TD="class: xl65"]SAINT JOSEPH[/TD]
[TD="class: xl65"]M[/TD]
[TD="class: xl65"]fifty[/TD]
[TD="class: xl65"]Mild[/TD]
[TD="class: xl65"]Yeah[/TD]
[TD="class: xl65"]high[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD="class: xl65"]5[/TD]
[TD="class: xl66"]Jan-24[/TD]
[TD="class: xl65"]SAINT JOSEPH[/TD]
[TD="class: xl65"]M[/TD]
[TD="class: xl65"]54[/TD]
[TD="class: xl65"]Encephalitis[/TD]
[TD="class: xl65"]Yeah[/TD]
[TD="class: xl65"]Internship[/TD]
[/TR]
[/TABLE]
Source: prepared by the Department of Health Surveillance with data from the SG-DEVISA computer system and the Department of Public Health Laboratories. Population Health Surveillance Area. Ministry of Public Health. Uruguay.

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https://www.gub.uy/ministerio-salud-publica/comunicacion/publicaciones/reporte-semanal-sobre-encefalitis-equina-2632024
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