tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Trop Med Infect Dis
. 2022 Feb 28;7(3):38.
doi: 10.3390/tropicalmed7030038.
Genetic Analysis of Influenza A/H1N1pdm Strains Isolated in Bangladesh in Early 2020
Abu Hasan[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Tadahiro Sasaki[SUP] 2 3 [/SUP], Juthamas Phadungsombat[SUP] 2 3 4 [/SUP], Ritsuko Koketsu[SUP] 2 3 [/SUP], Rummana Rahim[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Nikhat Ara[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Suma Mita Biswas[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Riku Yonezawa[SUP] 2 3 [/SUP], Emi E Nakayama[SUP] 2 3 [/SUP], Mizanur Rahman[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Tatsuo Shioda[SUP] 2 3 4 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Abstract
Influenza is one of the most common respiratory virus infections. We analyzed hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA) gene segments of viruses isolated from influenza patients who visited Evercare Hospital Dhaka, Bangladesh, in early 2020 immediately before the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. All of them were influenza virus type A (IAV) H1N1pdm. Sequence analysis of the HA segments of the virus strains isolated from the clinical specimens and the subsequent phylogenic analyses of the obtained sequences revealed that all of the H1N1pdm recent subclades 6B.1A5A + 187V/A, 6B.1A5A + 156K, and 6B.1A5A + 156K with K209M were already present in Bangladesh in January 2020. Molecular clock analysis results suggested that the subclade 6B.1A5A + 156K emerged in Denmark, Australia, or the United States in July 2019, while subclades 6B.1A5A + 187V/A and 6B.1A5A + 156K with K209M emerged in East Asia in April and September 2019, respectively. On the other hand, sequence analysis of NA segments showed that the viruses lacked the H275Y mutation that confers oseltamivir resistance. Since the number of influenza cases in Bangladesh is usually small between November and January, these results indicated that the IAV H1N1pdm had spread extremely rapidly without acquiring oseltamivir resistance during a time of active international flow of people before the COVID-19 pandemic.
Keywords: Bangladesh; COVID-19; H1N1pdm09; HA; NA; evolution; influenza virus.
. 2022 Feb 28;7(3):38.
doi: 10.3390/tropicalmed7030038.
Genetic Analysis of Influenza A/H1N1pdm Strains Isolated in Bangladesh in Early 2020
Abu Hasan[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Tadahiro Sasaki[SUP] 2 3 [/SUP], Juthamas Phadungsombat[SUP] 2 3 4 [/SUP], Ritsuko Koketsu[SUP] 2 3 [/SUP], Rummana Rahim[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Nikhat Ara[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Suma Mita Biswas[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Riku Yonezawa[SUP] 2 3 [/SUP], Emi E Nakayama[SUP] 2 3 [/SUP], Mizanur Rahman[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Tatsuo Shioda[SUP] 2 3 4 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 35324585
- DOI: 10.3390/tropicalmed7030038
Abstract
Influenza is one of the most common respiratory virus infections. We analyzed hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA) gene segments of viruses isolated from influenza patients who visited Evercare Hospital Dhaka, Bangladesh, in early 2020 immediately before the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. All of them were influenza virus type A (IAV) H1N1pdm. Sequence analysis of the HA segments of the virus strains isolated from the clinical specimens and the subsequent phylogenic analyses of the obtained sequences revealed that all of the H1N1pdm recent subclades 6B.1A5A + 187V/A, 6B.1A5A + 156K, and 6B.1A5A + 156K with K209M were already present in Bangladesh in January 2020. Molecular clock analysis results suggested that the subclade 6B.1A5A + 156K emerged in Denmark, Australia, or the United States in July 2019, while subclades 6B.1A5A + 187V/A and 6B.1A5A + 156K with K209M emerged in East Asia in April and September 2019, respectively. On the other hand, sequence analysis of NA segments showed that the viruses lacked the H275Y mutation that confers oseltamivir resistance. Since the number of influenza cases in Bangladesh is usually small between November and January, these results indicated that the IAV H1N1pdm had spread extremely rapidly without acquiring oseltamivir resistance during a time of active international flow of people before the COVID-19 pandemic.
Keywords: Bangladesh; COVID-19; H1N1pdm09; HA; NA; evolution; influenza virus.