tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Trop Med Infect Dis
. 2023 Jun 25;8(7):340.
doi: 10.3390/tropicalmed8070340. Clinical Evolution and Risk Factors in Patients Infected during the First Wave of COVID-19: A Two-Year Longitudinal Study
Carlos Rescalvo-Casas[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Ramón Pérez-Tanoira[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Rocío Fernández Villegas[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Marcos Hernando-Gozalo[SUP] 2 3 [/SUP], Laura Seijas-Pereda[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Felipe Pérez-García[SUP] 1 2 4 [/SUP], Helena Moza Moríñigo[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Peña Gómez-Herruz[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Teresa Arroyo[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Rosa González[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Cristina Verdú Expósito[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Lourdes Lledó García[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Juan Romanyk Cabrera[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Juan Cuadros-González[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP]
Affiliations
A limited number of longitudinal studies have examined the symptoms associated with long-COVID-19. We conducted an assessment of symptom onset, severity and patient recovery, and determined the percentage of patients who experienced reinfection up to 2 years after the initial onset of the disease. Our cohort comprises 377 patients (≥18 years) with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 in a secondary hospital (Madrid, Spain), throughout March 3-16, 2020. Disease outcomes and clinical data were followed-up until August 12, 2022. We reviewed the evolution of the 253 patients who had survived as of April 2020 (67.1%). Nine died between April 2020 and August 2022. A multivariate regression analysis performed to detect the risk factors associated with long-COVID-19 revealed that the increased likelihood was associated with chronic obstructive lung disease (OR 14.35, 95% CI 1.89-109.09; p = 0.010), dyspnea (5.02, 1.02-24.75; p = 0.048), higher LDH (3.23, 1.34-7.52; p = 0.006), and lower D-dimer levels (0.164, 0.04-0.678; p = 0.012). Reinfected patients (n = 45) (47.8 years; 39.7-67.2) were younger than non-reinfected patients (64.1 years; 48.6-74.4)) (p < 0.001). Patients who received a combination of vaccines exhibited fewer symptoms (44.4%) compared to those who received a single type of vaccine (77.8%) (p = 0.048). Long-COVID-19 was detected in 27.05% (66/244) of patients. The early detection of risk factors helps predict the clinical course of patients with COVID-19. Middle-aged adults could be susceptible to reinfection, highlighting the importance of prevention and control measures regardless of vaccination status.
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2; coronavirus disease 2019; long-COVID-19; reinfection; risk factors; vaccines.
. 2023 Jun 25;8(7):340.
doi: 10.3390/tropicalmed8070340. Clinical Evolution and Risk Factors in Patients Infected during the First Wave of COVID-19: A Two-Year Longitudinal Study
Carlos Rescalvo-Casas[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Ramón Pérez-Tanoira[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Rocío Fernández Villegas[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Marcos Hernando-Gozalo[SUP] 2 3 [/SUP], Laura Seijas-Pereda[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Felipe Pérez-García[SUP] 1 2 4 [/SUP], Helena Moza Moríñigo[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Peña Gómez-Herruz[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Teresa Arroyo[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Rosa González[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Cristina Verdú Expósito[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Lourdes Lledó García[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Juan Romanyk Cabrera[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Juan Cuadros-González[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 37505636
- DOI: 10.3390/tropicalmed8070340
A limited number of longitudinal studies have examined the symptoms associated with long-COVID-19. We conducted an assessment of symptom onset, severity and patient recovery, and determined the percentage of patients who experienced reinfection up to 2 years after the initial onset of the disease. Our cohort comprises 377 patients (≥18 years) with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 in a secondary hospital (Madrid, Spain), throughout March 3-16, 2020. Disease outcomes and clinical data were followed-up until August 12, 2022. We reviewed the evolution of the 253 patients who had survived as of April 2020 (67.1%). Nine died between April 2020 and August 2022. A multivariate regression analysis performed to detect the risk factors associated with long-COVID-19 revealed that the increased likelihood was associated with chronic obstructive lung disease (OR 14.35, 95% CI 1.89-109.09; p = 0.010), dyspnea (5.02, 1.02-24.75; p = 0.048), higher LDH (3.23, 1.34-7.52; p = 0.006), and lower D-dimer levels (0.164, 0.04-0.678; p = 0.012). Reinfected patients (n = 45) (47.8 years; 39.7-67.2) were younger than non-reinfected patients (64.1 years; 48.6-74.4)) (p < 0.001). Patients who received a combination of vaccines exhibited fewer symptoms (44.4%) compared to those who received a single type of vaccine (77.8%) (p = 0.048). Long-COVID-19 was detected in 27.05% (66/244) of patients. The early detection of risk factors helps predict the clinical course of patients with COVID-19. Middle-aged adults could be susceptible to reinfection, highlighting the importance of prevention and control measures regardless of vaccination status.
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2; coronavirus disease 2019; long-COVID-19; reinfection; risk factors; vaccines.