tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Econ Hum Biol. 2019 Apr 24. pii: S1570-677X(18)30241-7. doi: 10.1016/j.ehb.2019.04.004. [Epub ahead of print]
[h=1]The effects of employment on influenza rates.[/h] Markowitz S[SUP]1[/SUP], Nesson E[SUP]2[/SUP], Robinson JJ[SUP]3[/SUP].
[h=3]Author information[/h]
[h=3]Abstract[/h] The seasonal influenza virus afflicts millions of people in the U.S. population each year, imposing significant costs on those who fall ill, their families, employers, and the health care system. The flu is transmitted via droplet spread or close contact, and certain environments, such as schools or offices, promote transmission. In this paper, we examine whether increases in employment are associated with increased incidence of the flu. We use state-level data on the prevalence of the flu from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. In our preferred specification, we find that a one percentage point increase in the employment rate increases the number of influenza related outpatient health care visits by 19%, and these effects are highly pronounced in the retail sector and healthcare sector, the sectors with the highest levels of interpersonal contact.
Copyright ? 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
[h=4]KEYWORDS:[/h] Employment; Epidemic; Health; Influenza; Labor market
PMID: 31097347 DOI: 10.1016/j.ehb.2019.04.004
[h=1]The effects of employment on influenza rates.[/h] Markowitz S[SUP]1[/SUP], Nesson E[SUP]2[/SUP], Robinson JJ[SUP]3[/SUP].
[h=3]Author information[/h]
[h=3]Abstract[/h] The seasonal influenza virus afflicts millions of people in the U.S. population each year, imposing significant costs on those who fall ill, their families, employers, and the health care system. The flu is transmitted via droplet spread or close contact, and certain environments, such as schools or offices, promote transmission. In this paper, we examine whether increases in employment are associated with increased incidence of the flu. We use state-level data on the prevalence of the flu from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. In our preferred specification, we find that a one percentage point increase in the employment rate increases the number of influenza related outpatient health care visits by 19%, and these effects are highly pronounced in the retail sector and healthcare sector, the sectors with the highest levels of interpersonal contact.
Copyright ? 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
[h=4]KEYWORDS:[/h] Employment; Epidemic; Health; Influenza; Labor market
PMID: 31097347 DOI: 10.1016/j.ehb.2019.04.004