tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Epidemiology. 2011 Jan 12. [Epub ahead of print]
The Effect of Age on Transmission of 2009 Pandemic Influenza A (H1N1) in a Camp and Associated Households.
Sugimoto JD, Borse NN, Ta ML, Stockman LJ, Fischer GE, Yang Y, Halloran ME, Longini IM Jr, Duchin JS.
From the aCenter for Statistics and Quantitative Infectious Disease, Vaccine and Infectious Disease Institute, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; bDepartment of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA; cOffice of Workforce and Career Development, United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA; dDivision of Unintentional Injury Prevention, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA; eThe Washington State Department of Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA; fDivision of Viral Diseases, National Centers for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA; gDivision of Viral Diseases, Epidemiology Branch, United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA; hDepartment of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA; iCommunicable Disease Epidemiology and Immunization Section, Public Health-Seattle and King County, Seattle, WA; and jDivision of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: A major portion of influenza disease burden during the 2009 pandemic was observed among young people.
METHODS: We examined the effect of age on the transmission of influenza-like illness associated with the 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1) virus (pH1N1) for an April-May 2009 outbreak among youth-camp participants and household contacts in Washington State.
RESULTS: An influenza-like illness attack rate of 51% was found among 96 camp participants. We observed a cabin secondary attack rate of 42% (95% confidence interval = 21%-66%) and a camp local reproductive number of 2.7 (1.7-4.1) for influenza-like illness among children (less than 18 years old). Among the 136 contacts in the 41 households with an influenza-like illness index case who attended the camp, the influenza-like illness secondary attack rate was 11% for children (5%-21%) and 4% for adults (2%-8%). The odds ratio for influenza-like illness among children versus adults was 3.1 (1.3-7.3).
CONCLUSIONS: The strong age effect, combined with the low number of susceptible children per household (1.2), plausibly explains the lower-than-expected household secondary attack rate for influenza-like illness, illustrating the importance of other venues where children congregate for sustaining community transmission. Quantifying the effects of age on pH1N1 transmission is important for informing effective intervention strategies.
PMID: 21233714 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21233714
The Effect of Age on Transmission of 2009 Pandemic Influenza A (H1N1) in a Camp and Associated Households.
Sugimoto JD, Borse NN, Ta ML, Stockman LJ, Fischer GE, Yang Y, Halloran ME, Longini IM Jr, Duchin JS.
From the aCenter for Statistics and Quantitative Infectious Disease, Vaccine and Infectious Disease Institute, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; bDepartment of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA; cOffice of Workforce and Career Development, United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA; dDivision of Unintentional Injury Prevention, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA; eThe Washington State Department of Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA; fDivision of Viral Diseases, National Centers for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA; gDivision of Viral Diseases, Epidemiology Branch, United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA; hDepartment of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA; iCommunicable Disease Epidemiology and Immunization Section, Public Health-Seattle and King County, Seattle, WA; and jDivision of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: A major portion of influenza disease burden during the 2009 pandemic was observed among young people.
METHODS: We examined the effect of age on the transmission of influenza-like illness associated with the 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1) virus (pH1N1) for an April-May 2009 outbreak among youth-camp participants and household contacts in Washington State.
RESULTS: An influenza-like illness attack rate of 51% was found among 96 camp participants. We observed a cabin secondary attack rate of 42% (95% confidence interval = 21%-66%) and a camp local reproductive number of 2.7 (1.7-4.1) for influenza-like illness among children (less than 18 years old). Among the 136 contacts in the 41 households with an influenza-like illness index case who attended the camp, the influenza-like illness secondary attack rate was 11% for children (5%-21%) and 4% for adults (2%-8%). The odds ratio for influenza-like illness among children versus adults was 3.1 (1.3-7.3).
CONCLUSIONS: The strong age effect, combined with the low number of susceptible children per household (1.2), plausibly explains the lower-than-expected household secondary attack rate for influenza-like illness, illustrating the importance of other venues where children congregate for sustaining community transmission. Quantifying the effects of age on pH1N1 transmission is important for informing effective intervention strategies.
PMID: 21233714 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21233714