tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
J Nutr. 2019 May 1;149(5):856-869. doi: 10.1093/jn/nxz006.
[h=1]The Combination of 2'-Fucosyllactose with Short-Chain Galacto-Oligosaccharides and Long-Chain Fructo-Oligosaccharides that Enhance Influenza Vaccine Responses Is Associated with Mucosal Immune Regulation in Mice.[/h] Xiao L[SUP]1[/SUP], Engen PA[SUP]2[/SUP], Leusink-Muis T[SUP]1[/SUP], van Ark I[SUP]1[/SUP], Stahl B[SUP]3[/SUP], Overbeek SA[SUP]1,[/SUP][SUP]3[/SUP], Garssen J[SUP]1,[/SUP][SUP]3[/SUP], Naqib A[SUP]4[/SUP], Green SJ[SUP]4,[/SUP][SUP]5[/SUP], Keshavarzian A[SUP]1,[/SUP][SUP]2,[/SUP][SUP]6[/SUP], Folkerts G[SUP]1[/SUP], Van't Land B[SUP]3,[/SUP][SUP]7[/SUP].
[h=3]Author information[/h]
[h=3]Abstract[/h] [h=4]BACKGROUND:[/h] A critical role for host-microbe interactions and establishment of vaccine responses has been postulated. Human milk oligosaccharides, of which 2'-fucosyllactose (2'FL) is the most prevalent, are known to alter host-associated microbial communities and play a critical role in the immunologic development of breastfed infants.
[h=4]OBJECTIVES:[/h] Dietary supplementation with a combination of 2'FL and prebiotic short-chain (sc) galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS) and long-chain (lc) fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS) was employed to examine human milk oligosaccharide effects on immune responsiveness, within a murine influenza vaccination model.
[h=4]METHODS:[/h] Female mice (6 wk old, C57Bl/6JOlaHsd) were fed either control diet (CON) or scGOS/lcFOS/2'FL-containing diet (GF2F) for 45 d. After starting dietary intervention (day 14), mice received a primary influenza vaccination (day 0) followed by a booster vaccination (day 21), after which ear challenges were conducted to measure vaccine-specific delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH). Serum immunoglobulin (Ig) levels, fecal and cecal microbial community structure, short-chain fatty acids, host intestinal gene expression and cellular responses in the mesenteric lymph nodes (MLNs) were also measured.
[h=4]RESULTS:[/h] Relative to CON, mice fed the GF2F diet had increased influenza vaccine-specific DTH responses (79.3%; P < 0.01), higher levels of both IgG1 (3.2-fold; P < 0.05) and IgG2a (1.2-fold; P < 0.05) in serum, and greater percentages of activated B cells (0.3%; P < 0.05), regulatory T cells (1.64%; P < 0.05), and T-helper 1 cells (2.2%; P < 0.05) in their MLNs. GF2F-fed mice had elevated cecal butyric (P < 0.05) and propionic (P < 0.05) acid levels relative to CON, which correlated to DTH responses (R2 = 0.22; P = 0.05 and R2 = 0.39; P < 0.01, respectively). Specific fecal microbial taxa altered in GF2F diet fed mice relative to CON were significantly correlated with the DTH response and IgG2a level increases.
[h=4]CONCLUSIONS:[/h] Dietary GF2F improved influenza vaccine-specific T-helper 1 responses and B cell activation in MLNs and enhanced systemic IgG1 and IgG2a concentrations in mice. These immunologic changes are correlated with microbial community structure and metabolites.
Copyright ? American Society for Nutrition 2019.
[h=4]KEYWORDS:[/h] 2′-fucosyllactose; gut microbiota; influenza vaccine; oligosaccharides; short-chain fatty acids
PMID: 31050747 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxz006
[h=1]The Combination of 2'-Fucosyllactose with Short-Chain Galacto-Oligosaccharides and Long-Chain Fructo-Oligosaccharides that Enhance Influenza Vaccine Responses Is Associated with Mucosal Immune Regulation in Mice.[/h] Xiao L[SUP]1[/SUP], Engen PA[SUP]2[/SUP], Leusink-Muis T[SUP]1[/SUP], van Ark I[SUP]1[/SUP], Stahl B[SUP]3[/SUP], Overbeek SA[SUP]1,[/SUP][SUP]3[/SUP], Garssen J[SUP]1,[/SUP][SUP]3[/SUP], Naqib A[SUP]4[/SUP], Green SJ[SUP]4,[/SUP][SUP]5[/SUP], Keshavarzian A[SUP]1,[/SUP][SUP]2,[/SUP][SUP]6[/SUP], Folkerts G[SUP]1[/SUP], Van't Land B[SUP]3,[/SUP][SUP]7[/SUP].
[h=3]Author information[/h]
[h=3]Abstract[/h] [h=4]BACKGROUND:[/h] A critical role for host-microbe interactions and establishment of vaccine responses has been postulated. Human milk oligosaccharides, of which 2'-fucosyllactose (2'FL) is the most prevalent, are known to alter host-associated microbial communities and play a critical role in the immunologic development of breastfed infants.
[h=4]OBJECTIVES:[/h] Dietary supplementation with a combination of 2'FL and prebiotic short-chain (sc) galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS) and long-chain (lc) fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS) was employed to examine human milk oligosaccharide effects on immune responsiveness, within a murine influenza vaccination model.
[h=4]METHODS:[/h] Female mice (6 wk old, C57Bl/6JOlaHsd) were fed either control diet (CON) or scGOS/lcFOS/2'FL-containing diet (GF2F) for 45 d. After starting dietary intervention (day 14), mice received a primary influenza vaccination (day 0) followed by a booster vaccination (day 21), after which ear challenges were conducted to measure vaccine-specific delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH). Serum immunoglobulin (Ig) levels, fecal and cecal microbial community structure, short-chain fatty acids, host intestinal gene expression and cellular responses in the mesenteric lymph nodes (MLNs) were also measured.
[h=4]RESULTS:[/h] Relative to CON, mice fed the GF2F diet had increased influenza vaccine-specific DTH responses (79.3%; P < 0.01), higher levels of both IgG1 (3.2-fold; P < 0.05) and IgG2a (1.2-fold; P < 0.05) in serum, and greater percentages of activated B cells (0.3%; P < 0.05), regulatory T cells (1.64%; P < 0.05), and T-helper 1 cells (2.2%; P < 0.05) in their MLNs. GF2F-fed mice had elevated cecal butyric (P < 0.05) and propionic (P < 0.05) acid levels relative to CON, which correlated to DTH responses (R2 = 0.22; P = 0.05 and R2 = 0.39; P < 0.01, respectively). Specific fecal microbial taxa altered in GF2F diet fed mice relative to CON were significantly correlated with the DTH response and IgG2a level increases.
[h=4]CONCLUSIONS:[/h] Dietary GF2F improved influenza vaccine-specific T-helper 1 responses and B cell activation in MLNs and enhanced systemic IgG1 and IgG2a concentrations in mice. These immunologic changes are correlated with microbial community structure and metabolites.
Copyright ? American Society for Nutrition 2019.
[h=4]KEYWORDS:[/h] 2′-fucosyllactose; gut microbiota; influenza vaccine; oligosaccharides; short-chain fatty acids
PMID: 31050747 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxz006