tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Can Bull Med Hist. 2020 Mar 20:e356052019. doi: 10.3138/cbmh.356-052019. [Epub ahead of print]
The 1918 "Spanish Flu" Pandemic in the Ottoman Capital, Istanbul.
Temel MK[SUP]1[/SUP].
Author information
Abstract
Although the general course, possible transmission routes, and actual sociodemographic destruction of the 1918 influenza pandemic in the Western world are well documented, the literature lacks similar data about the Middle East. On the calamity's centenary, this article aims to contribute to filling this gap, investigating the presence and effects of the pandemic in Istanbul, the city bridging the West and East, then as the capital of the Ottoman Empire. After the retrieval of the most relevant articles in Vakit, a daily Istanbul newspaper active throughout the pandemic, a variety of items, including articles with firsthand pronouncements from contemporaneous medical authorities and a clinical account of supportive autopsy findings, are scrutinized and interpreted. The reviewed data are concluded to indicate no epidemiological or factual exception, showing significant parallelism with the Western experience of the pandemic in terms of increased influenza mortality and morbidity, severe clinical presentation, common misinformation and misdiagnosis, and failure to provide effective prevention and medical treatment.
KEYWORDS:
Empire ottoman; Istanbul; Ottoman Empire; Spanish flu; grippe; grippe espagnole; influenza; influenza pandemic of 1918; pand?mie de grippe de 1918
PMID:32208113DOI:10.3138/cbmh.356-052019
The 1918 "Spanish Flu" Pandemic in the Ottoman Capital, Istanbul.
Temel MK[SUP]1[/SUP].
Author information
Abstract
Although the general course, possible transmission routes, and actual sociodemographic destruction of the 1918 influenza pandemic in the Western world are well documented, the literature lacks similar data about the Middle East. On the calamity's centenary, this article aims to contribute to filling this gap, investigating the presence and effects of the pandemic in Istanbul, the city bridging the West and East, then as the capital of the Ottoman Empire. After the retrieval of the most relevant articles in Vakit, a daily Istanbul newspaper active throughout the pandemic, a variety of items, including articles with firsthand pronouncements from contemporaneous medical authorities and a clinical account of supportive autopsy findings, are scrutinized and interpreted. The reviewed data are concluded to indicate no epidemiological or factual exception, showing significant parallelism with the Western experience of the pandemic in terms of increased influenza mortality and morbidity, severe clinical presentation, common misinformation and misdiagnosis, and failure to provide effective prevention and medical treatment.
KEYWORDS:
Empire ottoman; Istanbul; Ottoman Empire; Spanish flu; grippe; grippe espagnole; influenza; influenza pandemic of 1918; pand?mie de grippe de 1918
PMID:32208113DOI:10.3138/cbmh.356-052019