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Syria: Measles vaccination programme stopped after death of children - Possible vaccination mix-up

Gert van der Hoek

In Memoriam - Editor, Senior Moderator
Syria: 36 Children Die After Receiving 'UN-Sponsored Contaminated Measles Vaccine'

By Ludovica Iaccino

September 17, 2014


At least 36 children have died after they received UN-sponsored tainted measles vaccines, according to reports.

Doctors of the clinics in rebel-held towns Jirjanaz and Maaret al-Nouman, in the north-western province of Idlib, said the children started feeling ill shortly after they received the vaccinations.

Parents accused the Syrian opposition - which controls Idlib - of negligence when storing the vaccines and of supplying out-of-date medications.

The Syrian opposition, however, denied the allegations and said the vaccines came from the UN and the World Health Organization (WHO), and could have been contaminated by people close to Syria's President Bashar al-Assad.

"Primary investigations point to a limited security breach by vandals likely connected to the regime, which has been attempting to target the medical sector in Free Syria in order to spread chaos," the opposition health ministry said in a statement.

Bashar Kayal, a health official, told Radio Hawa Smart, "The symptoms don't just indicate spoiled vaccines ? it suggests they've been contaminated."

The vaccination programme was stopped immediately after the incident and blood samples have been sent to Turkey for further examinations.

Health minister Adnan Hazouri vowed to resign if an investigation on the children's deaths upheld allegations of negligence.

Monther Khalil, head of the medical department in Idib, reassured the parents of children who have already been injected that they are out of danger.

"The vaccine is completely fine and there is no risk to children who have already been injected.

"We have already vaccinated 60,000 children against measles and there has been no previous problem. The same crews also previously carried out a polio campaign, where they vaccinated 252,000 children across seven rounds, and there were no abnormal complications."

Idlib is held by moderate rebels opposed to Assad and to terror group Islamic State - formerly known as Isis.

IB Times
 
Re: Syria: Measles vaccination programme stopped after death of children - Testresults pending

Re: Syria: Measles vaccination programme stopped after death of children - Testresults pending

Wednesday 17 September 2014

Measles vaccination mix-up leaves 15 infants dead in northern Syria

Muscle relaxant given to up to 75 children in an error perhaps caused by the similarities of drug packaging

Medics carrying out a measles vaccination in northern Syria instead administered an anaesthetic to up to 75 infants, killing 15, a preliminary investigation into their deaths has found.

The report says an anaesthetic, atracuriam, which is used as a muscle relaxant in surgery was given to the infants, perhaps mixed with the measles vaccine, which had been delivered by aid agencies conducting a mass vaccination program in opposition parts of northern Syria.

The error is believed to have occurred because the packaging of the anaesthetic drug was similar to that of the solution used to mix the measles vaccination.

The drug is usually fatal when given to infants in the doses administered, but older children can survive low dosages due to their higher body weights. The fatalities occurred in children between 6 and 18 months.

The children all presented symptoms within half an hour of being given the drug and were suffering from diarrhoea, shock and respiratory failure. Most of the fatalities were dead before they reached a hospital, according to a local activist.

More : The Guardian
 
Re: Syria: Measles vaccination programme stopped after death of children - Possible vaccination mix-up

From the Guardian article:
Save the Children, which provides medical aid to northern Syria, but was not involved in administering the vaccine said: "Save the Children is appalled and deeply saddened by the news of the deaths of a number of children and the hospitalisation of many more after receiving vaccinations for measles in northern Syria. Save the Children will help the authorities in any way we can to help find out what has happened."

But did they store & distribute the vaccine and other medicines to locals who do administer them?

http://www.humanosphere.org/global-health/2014/08/prepared-aid-agencies-fail-disburse-polio-vaccines-syria/
By Tom Murphy on 26 August 2014

...

Despite this appalling record, Save the Children UK has now applied to the Gates Foundation for funding to lead vaccination activities for measles in Idlib governorate. And while local politics have been blamed for delaying a comprehensive anti-measles vaccination campaign, UNICEF, working under a shroud of secrecy, is replicating WHO?s ways by mistakenly acquiring measles-only vaccines for the Syrian opposition-led Measles Task Force while distributing to international NGOs the better measles-rubella vaccines that are needed for broad protection.


http://www.nytimes.com/2014/09/18/world/middleeast/syrian-children-die-after-vaccinations.html
Bad Vaccine Kills Up to 50 Children in Northern Syria

By RICK GLADSTONE and HWAIDA SAADSEPT. 17, 2014

Spoiled or possibly sabotaged measles vaccine has killed as many as 50 children in insurgent-held areas of northwestern Syria, forcing a suspension of a large-scale vaccination campaign intended to stop the spread of measles, mumps, rubella and polio, volunteer medical organizations reported on Wednesday.

...

Video footage uploaded on YouTube showed an apparently lifeless girl in an orange shirt and turquoise pants not responding to a medic?s attempts to revive her through mouth-to-mouth and cardiopulmonary resuscitation....
<object width="560" height="315"><param name="movie" value="//www.youtube-nocookie.com/v/TieA_A0G4OQ?version=3&hl=en_US"></param><param name="allowFullScreen" value="true"></param><param name="allowscriptaccess" value="always"></param><embed src="//www.youtube-nocookie.com/v/TieA_A0G4OQ?version=3&hl=en_US" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="560" height="315" allowscriptaccess="always" allowfullscreen="true"></embed></object>​

Past controversy with this NGO:

http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/asia/save-the-children-denies-link-to-cia-raid-on-bin-laden-8114023.html
"We never rule out being infiltrated but we have absolutely no evidence that this has happened. We are concerned because millions of children in Pakistan rely on Save the Children. We are concerned they don't miss out."
 
Re: Syria: Measles vaccination programme stopped after death of children - Possible vaccination mix-up

http://news.sciencemag.org/health/2014/09/sixteen-children-syria-die-measles-immunization-campaign
Sixteen children in Syria die in measles immunization campaign By
Leslie Roberts
18 September 2014 3:00 pm
0 Comments

Sixteen children, all or most under age 2, have died after receiving an injection in a measles immunization campaign in an opposition-held area of northern Syria. Up to 50 more children were sickened.

Details are hazy, says a World Health Organization (WHO) spokesperson in Geneva, but at this point the cause looks like a ?very bad human error,? in which a strong muscle relaxant was administered instead of the measles vaccine. The tragic deaths threaten to undermine all vaccination efforts across Syria, where childhood immunization rates have dropped precipitously after years of civil war.

...

WHO and UNICEF have dispatched an investigation team but for now are dependent on second-hand information from non-governmental organizations and other partners in northern Syria, says WHO?s Christian Lindmeier. (For security reasons, neither organization has staff on the ground in Idlib, where the deaths occurred.)

...

They were stricken with paralysis and respiratory distress, and most of the 16 died from suffocation. Up to 50 mostly older children up to age 6 were sickened with respiratory distress, diarrhea, and vomiting. WHO officials suspect the older children survived because the dose of the muscle relaxant, atracurium, is determined by weight.

The mistake appears to have happened in one of the hubs in Syria that distributes vaccines to health facilities. Apparently the vaccine was stored in a refrigerator along with other medicines, including atracurium, which is used in anesthesia. The measles vaccine is a freeze-dried powder, which is then mixed with a liquid dilutent, also supplied by the manufacturer, and refrigerated...

There's really no 'conflict area' excuse for this, since these kinds of mix-up take place in places like North America, too.

http://www.flutrackers.com/forum/showthread.php?t=227830
 
Re: Syria: Measles vaccination programme stopped after death of children - Possible vaccination mix-up

Statement regarding interim findings of WHO assessment of deaths of children in Idleb Governorate, Syria

<!-- Default DIV wrapper for all story meta data -->Statement
27 September 2014

<!-- close of the meta div -->A WHO assessment of the cause of the death of 15 children in rural Idleb, northern Syria has concluded that the most likely cause of the event was the incorrect use of a drug called Atracurium as a diluent for Measles/Rubella vaccine.

There is no evidence that the Measles/Rubella vaccine itself or its correct diluent were the cause of this tragic event.

Measles vaccine has to be reconstituted with a diluent prior to use. All evidence available to the assessment team indicates that the incorrect use of Atracurium as a diluent was the cause of the deaths. Atracurium is a muscle relaxant and is used mainly as part of the anaesthetic procedure for surgery. The Atracurium ampoules were incorrectly added to vaccination packs prepared in one District Vaccine Distribution Centre in Idleb Governorate and distributed to four vaccination teams on the second day of the measles campaign.

Vaccination is one of the most basic and critical health needs in emergencies to protect populations from the risk of contracting deadly but preventable disease. The risk of measles and polio in Syria remains extremely high; as such, WHO urges all health partners to rebuild confidence in vaccination and ensure that all children have access to life saving vaccines.

The WHO assessment was carried out by a team composed of experts in the investigation and management of adverse events following immunization from the Organization?s headquarters and regional offices.

http://www.who.int/mediacentre/news/statements/2014/interim-findings-idleb-syria/en/
 
Re: Syria: Measles vaccination programme stopped after death of children - Possible vaccination mix-up

What will motivate a change in safety standards when no responsible organization is named?
 
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