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Switzerland - Avian flu H5N1 detected in birds 2022 - 2023

Switzerland - Influenza A viruses of high pathogenicity (Inf. with) (non-poultry including wild birds) (2017-) - Follow up report 19

GENERAL INFORMATION
COUNTRY/TERRITORY OR ZONE
COUNTRY/TERRITORY

ANIMAL TYPE
TERRESTRIAL

DISEASE CATEGORY
OIE-listed

EVENT ID
4733

DISEASE
Influenza A viruses of high pathogenicity (Inf. with) (non-poultry including wild birds) (2017-)

CAUSAL AGENT
Highly pathogenic avian influenza virus

GENOTYPE / SEROTYPE / SUBTYPE
H5N1

START DATE
2022/11/14

REASON FOR NOTIFICATION
Recurrence of an eradicated disease

DATE OF LAST OCCURRENCE
2022/04/30

CONFIRMATION DATE
2022/11/18

EVENT STATUS
On-going

END DATE
-

SELF-DECLARATION
NO

REPORT INFORMATION
REPORT NUMBER
Follow-up report 19

REPORT ID
FUR_160335

REPORT REFERENCE
-

REPORT DATE
2023/04/06

REPORT STATUS
Validated

NO EVOLUTION REPORT
-

EPIDEMIOLOGY
SOURCE OF EVENT OR ORIGIN OF INFECTION
Contact with wild species

EPIDEMIOLOGICAL COMMENTS

New detections: Wild birds in the Cantons of Lucerne, Neuchâtel and Zurich Since the last Info note4 wild birds tested positive for Avian Influenza in the following locations: • 2 black-headed gulls (Chroicocephalus ridibundus) from the Canton of Lucerne • 1 yellow-legged gull (Larus michahellis) from the Canton of Neuchâtel • 1 black-headed gull (Chroicocephalus ridibundus), 1 great crested grebe (Podiceps cristatus, 1 mute swan (Cygnus olor) and 1 red kite (Milvus milvus) from the Canton of Zurich • 4 black-headed gulls (Chroicocephalus ridibundus), 2 mute swans (Cygnus olor) and 3 storks (Ciconiidae) from the Canton of Zurich Due to the high number of dead animals found at the locations mentioned above, only representative samples were taken. The main species affected are gulls. All samples tested positive for avian influenza of the subtype H5N1 in RT-qPCR at the National Reference Center for Poultry and Rabbit Diseases (NRGK, Zurich, Switzerland). If previous cases of H5N1 positive wild birds from the same regions in Switzerland had been confirmed as HPAI through sequencing analysis of the HA gene cleavage site region, no pathotyping of the samples will be carried out. If new regions of Switzerland are affected, pathotyping will be carried out for representative samples. In the context of the current H5N1 epidemiological situation in Switzerland high pathogenicity is highly likely. Update 6.4.23: New detections: Wild birds in the Cantons of Neuchâtel and Zurich Since the last Info note wild birds tested positive for Avian Influenza in the following locations: • 1 black-headed gull (Chroicocephalus ridibundus) in the Canton of Neuchâtel • 2 mute swans (Cygnus olor) in the Canton of Zurich. All samples tested positive for avian influenza of the subtype H5N1 in RT-qPCR at the National Reference Center for Poultry and Rabbit Diseases (NRGK, Zurich, Switzerland). If previous cases of H5N1 positive wild birds from the same regions in Switzerland had been confirmed as HPAI through sequencing analysis of the HA gene cleavage site region, no pathotyping of the samples will be carried out. If new regions of Switzerland are affected, pathotyping will be carried out for representative samples. In the context of the current H5N1 epidemiological situation in Switzerland, high pathogenicity is highly likely. Samples of confirmed cases with relevance to new epidemiological information are transferred to the EU Reference Laboratory for avian influenza (Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie)
...

NEW OUTBREAKS

OB_117148 - HPAI_2023_ZH_63 - ZÜRICH...
OB_117145 - HPAI_2023_NE_8 - LAC DE NEUCHÂTEL...
OB_117144 - HPAI_2023_ZH_62 - ZÜRICHSEE...

...
https://wahis.woah.org/#/in-review/4733
 
Translation Google​

Measures against avian flu at the local level

Bern, 25.05.2023 - Following the appearance of cases of avian flu in colonies of black-headed gulls in May, the Federal Office for Food Safety and Veterinary Affairs (FSVO) has enacted new provisions: these oblige the cantons to take, if necessary, protective measures at local level to protect domestic poultry against avian influenza, when the risk of spreading the virus by wild birds is high. The corresponding ordinance will enter into force on May 27 and will have effect until July 31, 2023.

A highly contagious and most often deadly variant of the bird flu virus emerged this winter in large parts of Europe. Switzerland was also affected, and protective measures were applied during the winter of 2022/2023 throughout the territory to contain avian flu. As the epizootic situation improved, the FSVO lifted these measures on May 1, 2023.

Since then, cases of bird flu have been identified in various colonies of black-headed gulls in the cantons of Zurich and St. Gallen. The risk of a large-scale spread of the epizootic is currently low, as wild birds are in the midst of breeding and therefore remain in a specific area. A transmission of bird flu to domestic poultry is however not excluded. This is why the FSVO has decided that from May 27, the cantons will be required to take measures to protect domestic poultry if cases appear in wild birds locally. The cantonal veterinary services will assess the risk of the virus spreading on the basis of several criteria: the behavior of the wild birds affected as well as the proximity of these birds to other nesting sites and to holdings keeping poultry in the region concerned. These provisions will be in effect until July 31, 2023.

From mid-summer, the birds will move out of their nesting areas, which may again change the epizootic situation. The FSVO continues to monitor the situation closely and will decide on any additional measures this summer.

Vigilance remains in order

Poultry keepers throughout Switzerland must remain vigilant and immediately report to a veterinarian any sign of contamination of their animals by avian flu. They are required to inform them if they notice, for example, an unusually high number of cases of illness or death, a drop in laying performance or a decrease in water and feed consumption. All poultry keepers, both professional and amateur, must also register their animals with the competent cantonal services.

Preparing for the next bird flu season

It is very likely that domestic poultry will again have to be protected throughout Switzerland against avian flu next winter. An important measure is to prevent any contact between wild birds and domestic poultry, in particular by means of a fenced and covered exit area. The FSVO recommends poultry owners to equip their enclosures accordingly early enough.

...


https://www.admin.ch/gov/fr/accueil/documentation/communiques.msg-id-95403.html
 
Switzerland - Influenza A viruses of high pathogenicity (Inf. with) (non-poultry including wild birds) (2017-) - Follow up report 26

GENERAL INFORMATION
COUNTRY/TERRITORY OR ZONE
COUNTRY/TERRITORY

ANIMAL TYPE
TERRESTRIAL

DISEASE CATEGORY
Listed disease

EVENT ID
4733

DISEASE
Influenza A viruses of high pathogenicity (Inf. with) (non-poultry including wild birds) (2017-)

CAUSAL AGENT
Highly pathogenic avian influenza virus

GENOTYPE / SEROTYPE / SUBTYPE
H5N1

START DATE
2022/11/14

REASON FOR NOTIFICATION
Recurrence of an eradicated disease

DATE OF LAST OCCURRENCE
2022/04/30

CONFIRMATION DATE
2022/11/18

EVENT STATUS
On-going

END DATE
-

SELF-DECLARATION
NO

REPORT INFORMATION
REPORT NUMBER
Follow-up report 26

REPORT ID
FUR_161347

REPORT REFERENCE
HPAI_2022_2023

REPORT DATE
2023/06/14

REPORT STATUS
Validated

NO EVOLUTION REPORT
-

EPIDEMIOLOGY
SOURCE OF EVENT OR ORIGIN OF INFECTION
Contact with wild species

EPIDEMIOLOGICAL COMMENTS

Ornithologists have observed increased mortality in breeding black-headed gulls in a nature conservation area near Neerach in the canton of Zurich. Samples of three gulls, one found dead on 6 May 2023 as well as one found dead and another one euthanised on 8 May 2023, were sent to the National Reference Center for Poultry and Rabbit Diseases (NRGK, Zurich, Switzerland), where they tested positive for avian influenza of the subtype H5NI in RT-qPCR on 10.05.2023. So far about 40 dead gulls have been found dead in one of the two colonies. Examinations of the other colony are on-going. Increased mortality has also been observed in the canton of St. Gallen near Rapperswil at the shore of lake Zurich on a breeding platform with video monitoring. On 10 May 2023 samples of 4 gulls were sent to the National Reference Center for Poultry and Rabbit Diseases (NRGK, Zurich, Switzerland), where 3 of them tested positive for avian influenza of the subtype H5NI in RT-qPCR on 12.05.2023, So far, 21 gulls have been found dead with only one of two platforms affected. Update 24.5.23: Increased mortality has been observed in the canton of Zurich at the shore of Lake Pfäffikon on a breeding platform for gulls. On 16 May 2023 samples of 17 black-headed gulls (Larus ridibundus) were sent to the National Reference Center for Poultry and Rabbit Diseases (NRGK, Zurich, Switzerland), where all of them tested positive for avian influenza of the subtype H5NI in RT-qPCR on 19.05.2023. Update 14.6.23: Several Common terns (Sterna hirundo) were found dead in the Cantons of St. Gallen (2/2 positive) and Thurgau (1/5 positive for avian influenza of the subtype H5N1). As previous cases of H5NI positive wild birds from the same regions in Switzerland had been confirmed as HPAI through sequencing analysis of the HA gene cleavage site region, no pathotyping of the samples was carried out. In the context of the current H5NI epidemiological situation in Switzerland high pathogenicity is highly likely.

QUANTITATIVE DATA SUMMARY
MEASURING UNIT
Animal

SpeciesSusceptibleCasesDeathsKilled and Disposed ofSlaughtered/ Killed for commercial useVaccinated
...
Common Tern (WILD)
NEW - 3 3 0 0 0
...
All species
NEW - 3 3 0 0 0
...

NEW OUTBREAKS

OB_120131 - HPAI_2023_TG_8 - KREUZLINGEN...
OB_120122 - HPAI_2023_SG_2 - WURMSBACH

...
https://wahis.woah.org/#/in-review/4733​
 
Switzerland - Influenza A viruses of high pathogenicity (Inf. with) (non-poultry including wild birds) (2017-) - Follow up report 30

GENERAL INFORMATION
COUNTRY/TERRITORY OR ZONE
COUNTRY/TERRITORY

ANIMAL TYPE
TERRESTRIAL

DISEASE CATEGORY
Listed disease

EVENT ID
4733

DISEASE
Influenza A viruses of high pathogenicity (Inf. with) (non-poultry including wild birds) (2017-)

CAUSAL AGENT
Highly pathogenic avian influenza virus

GENOTYPE / SEROTYPE / SUBTYPE
H5N1

START DATE
2022/11/14

REASON FOR NOTIFICATION
Recurrence of an eradicated disease

DATE OF LAST OCCURRENCE
2022/04/30

CONFIRMATION DATE
2022/11/18

EVENT STATUS
On-going

END DATE
-

SELF-DECLARATION
NO

REPORT INFORMATION
REPORT NUMBER
Follow-up report 30

REPORT ID
FUR_161805

REPORT REFERENCE
-

REPORT DATE
2023/07/13

REPORT STATUS
Validated

NO EVOLUTION REPORT
-

EPIDEMIOLOGY
SOURCE OF EVENT OR ORIGIN OF INFECTION
Contact with wild species

EPIDEMIOLOGICAL COMMENTS
Ornithologists have observed increased mortality in breeding black-headed gulls in a nature conservation area near Neerach in the canton of Zurich. Samples of three gulls, one found dead on 6 May 2023 as well as one found dead and another one euthanised on 8 May 2023, were sent to the National Reference Center for Poultry and Rabbit Diseases (NRGK, Zurich, Switzerland), where they tested positive for avian influenza of the subtype H5NI in RT-qPCR on 10.05.2023. So far about 40 dead gulls have been found dead in one of the two colonies. Examinations of the other colony are on-going. Increased mortality has also been observed in the canton of St. Gallen near Rapperswil at the shore of lake Zurich on a breeding platform with video monitoring. On 10 May 2023 samples of 4 gulls were sent to the National Reference Center for Poultry and Rabbit Diseases (NRGK, Zurich, Switzerland), where 3 of them tested positive for avian influenza of the subtype H5NI in RT-qPCR on 12.05.2023, So far, 21 gulls have been found dead with only one of two platforms affected. Update 24.5.23: Increased mortality has been observed in the canton of Zurich at the shore of Lake Pfäffikon on a breeding platform for gulls. On 16 May 2023 samples of 17 black-headed gulls (Larus ridibundus) were sent to the National Reference Center for Poultry and Rabbit Diseases (NRGK, Zurich, Switzerland), where all of them tested positive for avian influenza of the subtype H5NI in RT-qPCR on 19.05.2023. Update 14.6.23: Several Common terns (Sterna hirundo) were found dead in the Cantons of St. Gallen (2/2 positive) and Thurgau (1/5 positive for avian influenza of the subtype H5N1). Update 13.7.23: 45 dead black-headed gulls (Larus ridibundus) in various decomposition stages (44 juveniles, 1 adult) were detected on a breeding platform at the shore of Lake Morat near Salavaux during a control as part of a monitoring project. The representative choanal / cloacal swab of the most suitable dead black-headed gull tested positive for avian influenza of the subtype H5N1 in RT-qPCR at the Institute of Virology and Immunology (IVI, Mittelhäusern, Switzerland) on 11 of July 2023. As previous cases of H5NI positive wild birds from the same regions in Switzerland had been confirmed as HPAI through sequencing analysis of the HA gene cleavage site region, no pathotyping of the samples was carried out. In the context of the current H5NI epidemiological situation in Switzerland high pathogenicity is highly likely.
...

NEW OUTBREAKS

OB_121759 - HPAI_2023_VD_9 - SALAVAUX
OUTBREAK REFERENCE
HPAI_2023_VD_9

START DATE
2023/07/05

END DATE
-

DETAILED CHARACTERISATION
-

FIRST ADMINISTRATIVE DIVISION
Vaud

SECOND ADMINISTRATIVE DIVISION
Broye-Vully

THIRD ADMINISTRATIVE DIVISION
Bellerive

EPIDEMIOLOGICAL UNIT
Body of water

LOCATION
Salavaux

Latitude, Longitude
46.92 , 7.033

OUTBREAKS IN CLUSTER
-

MEASURING UNIT
Animal

AFFECTED POPULATION DESCRIPTION
-

SpeciesSusceptibleCasesDeathsKilled and Disposed ofSlaughtered/ Killed for commercial useVaccinated
Black-headed Gull (WILD)
Wild
NEW - 45 45 0 0 0
TOTAL - 45 45 0 0 0

...
https://wahis.woah.org/#/in-review/4733​
 
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