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Swine Origin Triple Reassortant A (H3N2) Virus in Iowa, USA (EpiSouth, November 24 2011, edited)

Giuseppe

Giuseppe

Emeritus
[Source: EpiSouth, full PDF document: (LINK). Extract, edited.]

(?)

REPORT OF NEW HEALTH EVENTS OCCURRING OUTSIDE THE EPISOUTH AREA

(Occurring in one or several EpiSouth countries)


Location: USA Event: Influenza A(H3N2) - recombinant virus



On 20th November 2011, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) confirmed three cases of swine-origin triple reassortant influenza A(H3N2) (S-OtrH3N2) virus infection in children in two counties in Iowa.
  • None of the children were hospitalised and all were mild or self-limited cases
  • All were in contact with one another and none had a known exposure with swine
  • 2 suspected cases having had contacts with the first case have been identified.
  • No evidence of sustained human-o-human transmission of this (S-OtrH3N2) virus is available.
This virus, an influenza A(H3N2) recombinant virus, had also been detected in 2011 in recent months in three states (cf. map 5): in Pennsylvania (3 cases), Maine (2 cases), Indiana (2 cases) and contains components of human, avian, H1N1 and swine influenza (cf. Figure 1).



Comments

Since 2005, in total, 31 influenza swine influenza cases were diagnosed in the U.S. including 18 swine A(H3N2) infections which include the ten 2011 last cases which are due to novel A(H3N2) recombinant virus.
  • In 2011 (since July), a total of 10 human cases infections with (SOtrH3N2) viruses have been identified in the United States. 3 of these 10 reported cases have been hospitalised.
  • All first seven cases were mild and exposure or close contact with swine was documented.
  • The lack of documented exposure to swine in the 3 last cases in Iowa suggests that limited human-to-human transmission of this influenza A(H3N2) recombinant virus might have occurred.
  • The US health authorities enhanced their surveillance and their diagnostic testing for respiratory specimens.
  • Investigations are ongoing to further document the Iowa cluster.
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