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Editor, Senior Moderator
Journal of Clinical Virology
Article in Press, Corrected Proof - Note to users
doi:10.1016/j.jcv.2010.02.021 | How to Cite or Link Using DOI
Copyright ? 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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Short communication
Seroprevalence of anti-H5 antibody in rural Cambodia, 2007
Philippe Cavaillera, Corresponding Author Contact Information, E-mail The Corresponding Author, Simon Chua, Sowath Lya, Jean Michel Garciab, Do Quang Hac, Isabelle Bergerid, Leakhann Some, Sovann Lye, Touch Soke, Sirenda Vonga and Philippe Buchya
a Institut Pasteur in Cambodia, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
b HKU-Pasteur Research Center, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China
c Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Hospital for Tropical Diseases, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
d World Health Organization, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
e Ministry of Health, Communicable Disease Control Department, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
Received 23 September 2009;
revised 21 February 2010;
accepted 26 February 2010.
Available online 30 March 2010.
Abstract
Background
Since 2005, eight patients with H5N1 infection were laboratory confirmed in Cambodia. Despite the widespread of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 virus and the intense exposure to poultry, there is growing evidence that H5N1 viruses may not be easily transmitted to human.
Objectives
To evaluate the frequency of H5N1 transmission in rural Cambodia, to identify potential risk factors for H5N1 in humans and to explore the extent of asymptomatic and clinically mild illness among humans.
Study design
A seroepidemiologic survey was conducted, 9 weeks after the recognition that H5N1 infection caused the death of a 13 years old female in April 2007. Blood specimens were collected from 700 participants for H5N1 serological testing. All participants were interviewed with standardized questionnaire to collect information about poultry exposure.
Results
Eighteen (2.6%) of the 700 villagers were tested positive cases for H5N1 antibodies. These 18 individuals were more likely than seronegative participants to report bathing or swimming in the community pond (p = 0.04).
Conclusions
The seroprevalence of H5N1 antibodies was higher than previously reported in the other investigations conducted in Cambodia and Thailand. This finding reinforces the overwhelming evidence that the virus continues to circulate widely in settings where human have high exposure to poultry. Our results, provides additional evidence suggesting that bathing or swimming in the community ponds, remains important potential risk factor for H5N1 infection. Both wild birds and domestic poultry have free access to these ponds which are also used for aquaculture through the dumping of poultry feces for fish feeding.
http://www.sciencedirect.com/scienc...serid=10&md5=24f9f7d8e6fb29063d78daa220b5170c
Article in Press, Corrected Proof - Note to users
doi:10.1016/j.jcv.2010.02.021 | How to Cite or Link Using DOI
Copyright ? 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Permissions & Reprints
Short communication
Seroprevalence of anti-H5 antibody in rural Cambodia, 2007
Philippe Cavaillera, Corresponding Author Contact Information, E-mail The Corresponding Author, Simon Chua, Sowath Lya, Jean Michel Garciab, Do Quang Hac, Isabelle Bergerid, Leakhann Some, Sovann Lye, Touch Soke, Sirenda Vonga and Philippe Buchya
a Institut Pasteur in Cambodia, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
b HKU-Pasteur Research Center, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China
c Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Hospital for Tropical Diseases, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
d World Health Organization, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
e Ministry of Health, Communicable Disease Control Department, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
Received 23 September 2009;
revised 21 February 2010;
accepted 26 February 2010.
Available online 30 March 2010.
Abstract
Background
Since 2005, eight patients with H5N1 infection were laboratory confirmed in Cambodia. Despite the widespread of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 virus and the intense exposure to poultry, there is growing evidence that H5N1 viruses may not be easily transmitted to human.
Objectives
To evaluate the frequency of H5N1 transmission in rural Cambodia, to identify potential risk factors for H5N1 in humans and to explore the extent of asymptomatic and clinically mild illness among humans.
Study design
A seroepidemiologic survey was conducted, 9 weeks after the recognition that H5N1 infection caused the death of a 13 years old female in April 2007. Blood specimens were collected from 700 participants for H5N1 serological testing. All participants were interviewed with standardized questionnaire to collect information about poultry exposure.
Results
Eighteen (2.6%) of the 700 villagers were tested positive cases for H5N1 antibodies. These 18 individuals were more likely than seronegative participants to report bathing or swimming in the community pond (p = 0.04).
Conclusions
The seroprevalence of H5N1 antibodies was higher than previously reported in the other investigations conducted in Cambodia and Thailand. This finding reinforces the overwhelming evidence that the virus continues to circulate widely in settings where human have high exposure to poultry. Our results, provides additional evidence suggesting that bathing or swimming in the community ponds, remains important potential risk factor for H5N1 infection. Both wild birds and domestic poultry have free access to these ponds which are also used for aquaculture through the dumping of poultry feces for fish feeding.
http://www.sciencedirect.com/scienc...serid=10&md5=24f9f7d8e6fb29063d78daa220b5170c