tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Respirology. 2017 Jan 17. doi: 10.1111/resp.12978. [Epub ahead of print]
[h=1]Seasonality of pathogens causing community-acquired pneumonia.[/h] Cilloniz C[SUP]1,[/SUP][SUP]2[/SUP], Ewig S[SUP]3[/SUP], Gabarrus A[SUP]1,[/SUP][SUP]2[/SUP], Ferrer M[SUP]1,[/SUP][SUP]2[/SUP], Puig de la Bella Casa J[SUP]4[/SUP], Mensa J[SUP]5[/SUP], Torres A[SUP]1,[/SUP][SUP]2[/SUP].
[h=3]Author information[/h]
[h=3]Abstract[/h] [h=4]BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:[/h] Seasonal distribution of microbial aetiology in patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) may add important information both for epidemiologists and clinicians. We investigate the seasonal distribution of microbial aetiology in CAP.
[h=4]METHODS:[/h] This prospective observational study was carried out in the Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Spain (January 2003-December 2014).
[h=4]RESULTS:[/h] We studied 4431 patients with CAP, of whom 2689 (61%) were males. Microbial aetiology was identified in 1756 patients (40%). CAP was most frequent in winter (34%) but two-third of patients with CAP presented in other seasons. Seasonal variations included Streptococcus pneumoniae (winter 21% vs spring 17% vs summer 14% vs autumn 13%, overall P < 0.001). Influenza viruses were most prevalent in autumn (6%) and winter (5%) compared with spring (3%) and summer (1%) (overall P < 0.001). Legionella pneumophila was most frequent in autumn (4%) and summer (4%) compared with spring (2%) and winter (1%) (overall P < 0.001). Incidence of polymicrobial pneumonia also differed between seasons (winter 7% vs spring 5% vs summer 3% vs autumn 6%, overall P = 0.001). We observed a significant correlation between the lowest seasonal average temperature and polymicrobial pneumonia, pneumococcal pneumonia, and influenza viruses; conversely, L. pneumophila was more common when temperatures were higher.
[h=4]CONCLUSION:[/h] CAP should not be regarded as a seasonal disease but occurs throughout all seasons. However, S. pneumoniae, influenza viruses, polymicrobial pneumonia and L. pneumophila are clearly subject to seasonal variations.
? 2017 Asian Pacific Society of Respirology.
[h=4]KEYWORDS:[/h] community-acquired pneumonia; microbial aetiology; season; seasonality
PMID: 28093834 DOI: 10.1111/resp.12978
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
[h=1]Seasonality of pathogens causing community-acquired pneumonia.[/h] Cilloniz C[SUP]1,[/SUP][SUP]2[/SUP], Ewig S[SUP]3[/SUP], Gabarrus A[SUP]1,[/SUP][SUP]2[/SUP], Ferrer M[SUP]1,[/SUP][SUP]2[/SUP], Puig de la Bella Casa J[SUP]4[/SUP], Mensa J[SUP]5[/SUP], Torres A[SUP]1,[/SUP][SUP]2[/SUP].
[h=3]Author information[/h]
[h=3]Abstract[/h] [h=4]BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:[/h] Seasonal distribution of microbial aetiology in patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) may add important information both for epidemiologists and clinicians. We investigate the seasonal distribution of microbial aetiology in CAP.
[h=4]METHODS:[/h] This prospective observational study was carried out in the Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Spain (January 2003-December 2014).
[h=4]RESULTS:[/h] We studied 4431 patients with CAP, of whom 2689 (61%) were males. Microbial aetiology was identified in 1756 patients (40%). CAP was most frequent in winter (34%) but two-third of patients with CAP presented in other seasons. Seasonal variations included Streptococcus pneumoniae (winter 21% vs spring 17% vs summer 14% vs autumn 13%, overall P < 0.001). Influenza viruses were most prevalent in autumn (6%) and winter (5%) compared with spring (3%) and summer (1%) (overall P < 0.001). Legionella pneumophila was most frequent in autumn (4%) and summer (4%) compared with spring (2%) and winter (1%) (overall P < 0.001). Incidence of polymicrobial pneumonia also differed between seasons (winter 7% vs spring 5% vs summer 3% vs autumn 6%, overall P = 0.001). We observed a significant correlation between the lowest seasonal average temperature and polymicrobial pneumonia, pneumococcal pneumonia, and influenza viruses; conversely, L. pneumophila was more common when temperatures were higher.
[h=4]CONCLUSION:[/h] CAP should not be regarded as a seasonal disease but occurs throughout all seasons. However, S. pneumoniae, influenza viruses, polymicrobial pneumonia and L. pneumophila are clearly subject to seasonal variations.
? 2017 Asian Pacific Society of Respirology.
[h=4]KEYWORDS:[/h] community-acquired pneumonia; microbial aetiology; season; seasonality
PMID: 28093834 DOI: 10.1111/resp.12978
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]