tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Sci Prog
. Apr-Jun 2021;104(2):368504211025927.
doi: 10.1177/00368504211025927.
COVID-19 vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia: A review of the potential mechanisms and proposed management
Walid Alam[SUP] 1 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Abstract
With over 600 million coronavirus (COVID-19) vaccine doses administered globally, adverse events are constantly monitored. Recently however, reports of thrombosis and thrombocytopenia following vaccination with the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine have emerged. This paper aims to review the available literature and guidelines pertaining to vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia (VITT) and the proposed guidelines, while offering a potential approach that unifies the available evidence. While the risk of VITT remains extremely low and the benefits outweigh the risks, experimental studies are needed to clarify the pathophysiology behind VITT and possibly decrease the risk of thrombosis and other adverse events occurring. However, treatment should not be delayed in suspected cases, and IV immunoglobulin and non-heparin anticoagulation should be initiated.
Keywords: COVID-19; ChAdOx1 nCoV-19; TTS; VIPIT; VITT; Vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia; thrombocytopenia; thrombosis; thrombosis with thrombocytopenia syndrome; vaccine-induced prothrombotic immune thrombocytopenia.
. Apr-Jun 2021;104(2):368504211025927.
doi: 10.1177/00368504211025927.
COVID-19 vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia: A review of the potential mechanisms and proposed management
Walid Alam[SUP] 1 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 34120531
- DOI: 10.1177/00368504211025927
Abstract
With over 600 million coronavirus (COVID-19) vaccine doses administered globally, adverse events are constantly monitored. Recently however, reports of thrombosis and thrombocytopenia following vaccination with the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine have emerged. This paper aims to review the available literature and guidelines pertaining to vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia (VITT) and the proposed guidelines, while offering a potential approach that unifies the available evidence. While the risk of VITT remains extremely low and the benefits outweigh the risks, experimental studies are needed to clarify the pathophysiology behind VITT and possibly decrease the risk of thrombosis and other adverse events occurring. However, treatment should not be delayed in suspected cases, and IV immunoglobulin and non-heparin anticoagulation should be initiated.
Keywords: COVID-19; ChAdOx1 nCoV-19; TTS; VIPIT; VITT; Vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia; thrombocytopenia; thrombosis; thrombosis with thrombocytopenia syndrome; vaccine-induced prothrombotic immune thrombocytopenia.