tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Sci Bull (Beijing)
. 2022 May 26.
doi: 10.1016/j.scib.2022.05.018. Online ahead of print.
A live attenuated virus-based intranasal COVID-19 vaccine provides rapid, prolonged, and broad protection against SARS-CoV-2
Junyu Chen[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Pui Wang[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Lunzhi Yuan[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Liang Zhang[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Limin Zhang[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Hui Zhao[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Congjie Chen[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Xijing Wang[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Jinle Han[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Yaode Chen[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Jizong Jia[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Zhen Lu[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Junping Hong[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Zicen Lu[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Qian Wang[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Rirong Chen[SUP] 2 5 6 [/SUP], Ruoyao Qi[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Jian Ma[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Min Zhou[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Huan Yu[SUP] 2 5 6 [/SUP], Chunlan Zhuang[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Xiaohui Liu[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Qiangyuan Han[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Guosong Wang[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Yingying Su[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Quan Yuan[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Tong Cheng[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Ting Wu[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Xiangzhong Ye[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Tianying Zhang[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Changgui Li[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Jun Zhang[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Huachen Zhu[SUP] 2 5 6 [/SUP], Yixin Chen[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Honglin Chen[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Ningshao Xia[SUP] 1 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Abstract
Remarkable progress has been made in developing intramuscular vaccines against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2); however, they are limited with respect to eliciting local immunity in the respiratory tract, which is the primary infection site for SARS-CoV-2. To overcome the limitations of intramuscular vaccines, we constructed a nasal vaccine candidate based on an influenza vector by inserting a gene encoding the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2, named CA4-dNS1-nCoV-RBD (dNS1-RBD). A preclinical study showed that in hamsters challenged 1 d after single-dose vaccination or 9 months after booster vaccination, dNS1-RBD largely mitigated lung pathology, with no loss of body weight. Moreover, such cellular immunity is relatively unimpaired for the most concerning SARS-CoV-2 variants, especially for the latest Omicron variant. In addition, this vaccine also provides cross-protection against H1N1 and H5N1 influenza viruses. The protective immune mechanism of dNS1-RBD could be attributed to the innate immune response in the nasal epithelium, local RBD-specific T cell response in the lung, and RBD-specific IgA and IgG response. Thus, this study demonstrates that the intranasally delivered dNS1-RBD vaccine candidate may offer an important addition to the fight against the ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic and influenza infection, compensating limitations of current intramuscular vaccines.
Keywords: COVID-19; Cell-mediated immunity; Influenza vector; Intranasal vaccine; SARS-CoV-2.
. 2022 May 26.
doi: 10.1016/j.scib.2022.05.018. Online ahead of print.
A live attenuated virus-based intranasal COVID-19 vaccine provides rapid, prolonged, and broad protection against SARS-CoV-2
Junyu Chen[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Pui Wang[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Lunzhi Yuan[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Liang Zhang[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Limin Zhang[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Hui Zhao[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Congjie Chen[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Xijing Wang[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Jinle Han[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Yaode Chen[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Jizong Jia[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Zhen Lu[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Junping Hong[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Zicen Lu[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Qian Wang[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Rirong Chen[SUP] 2 5 6 [/SUP], Ruoyao Qi[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Jian Ma[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Min Zhou[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Huan Yu[SUP] 2 5 6 [/SUP], Chunlan Zhuang[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Xiaohui Liu[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Qiangyuan Han[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Guosong Wang[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Yingying Su[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Quan Yuan[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Tong Cheng[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Ting Wu[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Xiangzhong Ye[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Tianying Zhang[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Changgui Li[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Jun Zhang[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Huachen Zhu[SUP] 2 5 6 [/SUP], Yixin Chen[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Honglin Chen[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Ningshao Xia[SUP] 1 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 35637645
- PMCID: PMC9134758
- DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2022.05.018
Abstract
Remarkable progress has been made in developing intramuscular vaccines against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2); however, they are limited with respect to eliciting local immunity in the respiratory tract, which is the primary infection site for SARS-CoV-2. To overcome the limitations of intramuscular vaccines, we constructed a nasal vaccine candidate based on an influenza vector by inserting a gene encoding the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2, named CA4-dNS1-nCoV-RBD (dNS1-RBD). A preclinical study showed that in hamsters challenged 1 d after single-dose vaccination or 9 months after booster vaccination, dNS1-RBD largely mitigated lung pathology, with no loss of body weight. Moreover, such cellular immunity is relatively unimpaired for the most concerning SARS-CoV-2 variants, especially for the latest Omicron variant. In addition, this vaccine also provides cross-protection against H1N1 and H5N1 influenza viruses. The protective immune mechanism of dNS1-RBD could be attributed to the innate immune response in the nasal epithelium, local RBD-specific T cell response in the lung, and RBD-specific IgA and IgG response. Thus, this study demonstrates that the intranasally delivered dNS1-RBD vaccine candidate may offer an important addition to the fight against the ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic and influenza infection, compensating limitations of current intramuscular vaccines.
Keywords: COVID-19; Cell-mediated immunity; Influenza vector; Intranasal vaccine; SARS-CoV-2.