tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Scand J Immunol
. 2021 Dec 22;e13131.
doi: 10.1111/sji.13131. Online ahead of print.
COVID-19 Immunopathology with emphasis on Th17 response and Cell-based Immunomodulation Therapy: Potential Targets and Challenges
Arash Pourgholaminejad[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Saghar Pahlavanneshan[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Mohsen Basiri[SUP] 3 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Abstract
The role of the immune system against coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) is unknown in many aspects, and the protective or pathologic mechanisms of the immune response are poorly understood. Pro-inflammatory cytokine release and a consequent cytokine storm can lead to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and result in multi-organ failure. There are many T cell subsets during anti-viral immunity. The Th17-associated response, as a pro-inflammatory pathway, and its consequent outcomes in many autoimmune disorders plays a fundamental role in progression of systemic hyper-inflammation during COVID-19. Therapeutic strategies based on immunomodulation therapy could be helpful for targeting hyper-inflammatory immune responses in COVID-19, especially Th17-related inflammation and hyper-cytokinemia. Cell-based immunotherapeutic approaches including mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), tolerogenic dendritic cells (tolDCs) and regulatory T cells (Tregs), seem to be promising strategies as orchestrators of the immune response against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). In this review, we highlight Th17-related immunopathology of SARS-CoV-2 infection and discuss cell-based immunomodulatory strategies and their mechanisms for regulation of the hyper-inflammation during COVID-19.
Keywords: COVID-19; Immunomodulation Therapy; Mesenchymal Stem Cells; SARS-CoV-2; Th17 cells; Tolerogenic Dendritic Cells; Treg Therapy.
. 2021 Dec 22;e13131.
doi: 10.1111/sji.13131. Online ahead of print.
COVID-19 Immunopathology with emphasis on Th17 response and Cell-based Immunomodulation Therapy: Potential Targets and Challenges
Arash Pourgholaminejad[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Saghar Pahlavanneshan[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Mohsen Basiri[SUP] 3 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 34936112
- DOI: 10.1111/sji.13131
Abstract
The role of the immune system against coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) is unknown in many aspects, and the protective or pathologic mechanisms of the immune response are poorly understood. Pro-inflammatory cytokine release and a consequent cytokine storm can lead to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and result in multi-organ failure. There are many T cell subsets during anti-viral immunity. The Th17-associated response, as a pro-inflammatory pathway, and its consequent outcomes in many autoimmune disorders plays a fundamental role in progression of systemic hyper-inflammation during COVID-19. Therapeutic strategies based on immunomodulation therapy could be helpful for targeting hyper-inflammatory immune responses in COVID-19, especially Th17-related inflammation and hyper-cytokinemia. Cell-based immunotherapeutic approaches including mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), tolerogenic dendritic cells (tolDCs) and regulatory T cells (Tregs), seem to be promising strategies as orchestrators of the immune response against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). In this review, we highlight Th17-related immunopathology of SARS-CoV-2 infection and discuss cell-based immunomodulatory strategies and their mechanisms for regulation of the hyper-inflammation during COVID-19.
Keywords: COVID-19; Immunomodulation Therapy; Mesenchymal Stem Cells; SARS-CoV-2; Th17 cells; Tolerogenic Dendritic Cells; Treg Therapy.