Mary Wilson
Well-known member
August 16 2022
https://doi.org/10.1084/jem.20220780
Joey Ming Er Lim, Anthony Tanoto Tan, Nina Le Bert, Shou Kit Hang, Jenny Guek Hong Low, Antonio Bertoletti
Abstract
Rapid recognition of SARS-CoV-2–infected cells by resident T cells in the upper airway might provide an important layer of protection against COVID-19. Whether parenteral SARS-CoV-2 vaccination or infection induces nasal-resident T cells specific for distinct SARS-CoV-2 proteins is unknown. We isolated T cells from the nasal mucosa of COVID-19 vaccinees who either experienced SARS-CoV-2 infection after vaccination (n = 34) or not (n = 16) and analyzed their phenotype, SARS-CoV-2 specificity, function, and persistence. Nasal-resident SARS-CoV-2–specific CD8[SUP]+[/SUP] and CD4[SUP]+[/SUP] T cells were detected almost exclusively in vaccinees who experienced SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infection. Importantly, the Spike-specific T cells primed by vaccination did not suppress the induction of T cells specific for other SARS-CoV-2 proteins. The nasal-resident T cell responses persisted for ≥140 d, with minimal sign of waning. These data highlight the importance of viral nasal challenge in the formation of SARS-CoV-2–specific antiviral immunity at the site of primary infection and further define the immunological features of SARS-CoV-2 hybrid immunity.
https://rupress.org/jem/article/219...ARS-CoV-2-breakthrough-infection-in-vaccinees
https://doi.org/10.1084/jem.20220780
Joey Ming Er Lim, Anthony Tanoto Tan, Nina Le Bert, Shou Kit Hang, Jenny Guek Hong Low, Antonio Bertoletti
Abstract
Rapid recognition of SARS-CoV-2–infected cells by resident T cells in the upper airway might provide an important layer of protection against COVID-19. Whether parenteral SARS-CoV-2 vaccination or infection induces nasal-resident T cells specific for distinct SARS-CoV-2 proteins is unknown. We isolated T cells from the nasal mucosa of COVID-19 vaccinees who either experienced SARS-CoV-2 infection after vaccination (n = 34) or not (n = 16) and analyzed their phenotype, SARS-CoV-2 specificity, function, and persistence. Nasal-resident SARS-CoV-2–specific CD8[SUP]+[/SUP] and CD4[SUP]+[/SUP] T cells were detected almost exclusively in vaccinees who experienced SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infection. Importantly, the Spike-specific T cells primed by vaccination did not suppress the induction of T cells specific for other SARS-CoV-2 proteins. The nasal-resident T cell responses persisted for ≥140 d, with minimal sign of waning. These data highlight the importance of viral nasal challenge in the formation of SARS-CoV-2–specific antiviral immunity at the site of primary infection and further define the immunological features of SARS-CoV-2 hybrid immunity.
https://rupress.org/jem/article/219...ARS-CoV-2-breakthrough-infection-in-vaccinees