tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Influenza Other Respi Viruses. 2012 Mar 27. doi: 10.1111/j.1750-2659.2012.00361.x. [Epub ahead of print]
Risk factors and effectiveness of preventive measures against influenza in the community.
Castilla J, Godoy P, Dom?nguez A, Mart?n V, Delgado-Rodr?guez M, Mart?nez-Baz I, Baricot M, Soldevila N, Mayoral JM, Astray J, Quintana JM, Cant?n R, Castro A, Gonz?lez-Candelas F, Alonso J, Saez M, Tamames S, Pumarola T; the CIBERESP Cases and Controls in Influenza Working Group.
Source
Instituto de Salud P?blica de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain CIBER Epidemiolog?a y Salud P?blica (CIBERESP), Spain Departament de Salut, Generalitat of Catalonia, Barcelona, Spain Universitat de Barcelona, Spain Instituto de Biomedicina (IBIOMED), Universidad de Le?n, Spain Universidad de Jaen, Spain Servicio de Vigilancia de Andalucia, Sevilla, Spain ?rea de Epidemiolog?a, Comunidad de Madrid, Spain Unidad de Investigaci?n, Hospital Galdakao-Usansolo, Guipuzcoa, Spain Hospital Universitario Ram?n y Cajal, Madrid, Spain CIBER Enfermedades Respiratorias, Spain Centro Superior de Investigaci?n en Salud P?blica, Universitat de Val?ncia, Spain IMIM (Hospital del Mar Research Institute), Barcelona, Spain Research Group on Statistics, Applied Economics and Health (GRECS), Universitat de Girona, Spain Direcci?n General de Salud P?blica e Investigaci?n, Desarrollo e Innovaci?n, Junta de Castilla y Le?n, Valladolid, Spain Red Espa?ola de Investigaci?n en Patolog?a Infecciosa, Spain.
Abstract
Please cite this paper as: Castilla et al. (20XX) Risk factors and effectiveness of preventive measures against influenza in the community. Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses DOI: 10.1111/j.1750-2659.2012.00361.x. Background The role of different risk exposures and preventive measures against influenza has not been well established. Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate risk factors and measures to prevent influenza infection in the community. Methods We conducted a multicenter case-control study. Cases were 481 outpatients aged 18 years or older with laboratory-confirmed influenza A(H1N1)09 in the 2009-2010 season in Spain. A control was selected for each case from outpatients from the same area matched by age and date of consultation. Information on risk situations, preventive measures and other variables was obtained by interview and review of the medical record. Results In the multivariate conditional logistic regression analysis, the risk of a diagnosis of influenza increased with the number of cohabitants (compared with <3 cohabitants, three cohabitants had an OR = 1?80, 95% CI 1?12-2?89, and ≥5 cohabitants had an OR = 2?66, 95% CI 1?31-5?41) and for health care workers (OR = 2?94, 95% CI 1?53-5?66). The use of metropolitan public transport was associated with a lower frequency of a diagnosis of influenza (OR = 0?45, 95% CI 0?30-0?68) but not the use of taxis or long-distance transport. The influenza A(H1N1)09 vaccine had a protective effect (OR = 0?13, 95% CI 0?04-0?48), unlike hand washing after touching contaminated surfaces or the use of alcohol-based hand sanitizers. Conclusion The home environment appears to play an important role in the spread of influenza in adults, but not the use of public transport. Health care workers have a higher risk of contracting influenza. Vaccination was the most effective preventive measure.
? 2012 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
PMID:
22458533
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22458533
Risk factors and effectiveness of preventive measures against influenza in the community.
Castilla J, Godoy P, Dom?nguez A, Mart?n V, Delgado-Rodr?guez M, Mart?nez-Baz I, Baricot M, Soldevila N, Mayoral JM, Astray J, Quintana JM, Cant?n R, Castro A, Gonz?lez-Candelas F, Alonso J, Saez M, Tamames S, Pumarola T; the CIBERESP Cases and Controls in Influenza Working Group.
Source
Instituto de Salud P?blica de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain CIBER Epidemiolog?a y Salud P?blica (CIBERESP), Spain Departament de Salut, Generalitat of Catalonia, Barcelona, Spain Universitat de Barcelona, Spain Instituto de Biomedicina (IBIOMED), Universidad de Le?n, Spain Universidad de Jaen, Spain Servicio de Vigilancia de Andalucia, Sevilla, Spain ?rea de Epidemiolog?a, Comunidad de Madrid, Spain Unidad de Investigaci?n, Hospital Galdakao-Usansolo, Guipuzcoa, Spain Hospital Universitario Ram?n y Cajal, Madrid, Spain CIBER Enfermedades Respiratorias, Spain Centro Superior de Investigaci?n en Salud P?blica, Universitat de Val?ncia, Spain IMIM (Hospital del Mar Research Institute), Barcelona, Spain Research Group on Statistics, Applied Economics and Health (GRECS), Universitat de Girona, Spain Direcci?n General de Salud P?blica e Investigaci?n, Desarrollo e Innovaci?n, Junta de Castilla y Le?n, Valladolid, Spain Red Espa?ola de Investigaci?n en Patolog?a Infecciosa, Spain.
Abstract
Please cite this paper as: Castilla et al. (20XX) Risk factors and effectiveness of preventive measures against influenza in the community. Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses DOI: 10.1111/j.1750-2659.2012.00361.x. Background The role of different risk exposures and preventive measures against influenza has not been well established. Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate risk factors and measures to prevent influenza infection in the community. Methods We conducted a multicenter case-control study. Cases were 481 outpatients aged 18 years or older with laboratory-confirmed influenza A(H1N1)09 in the 2009-2010 season in Spain. A control was selected for each case from outpatients from the same area matched by age and date of consultation. Information on risk situations, preventive measures and other variables was obtained by interview and review of the medical record. Results In the multivariate conditional logistic regression analysis, the risk of a diagnosis of influenza increased with the number of cohabitants (compared with <3 cohabitants, three cohabitants had an OR = 1?80, 95% CI 1?12-2?89, and ≥5 cohabitants had an OR = 2?66, 95% CI 1?31-5?41) and for health care workers (OR = 2?94, 95% CI 1?53-5?66). The use of metropolitan public transport was associated with a lower frequency of a diagnosis of influenza (OR = 0?45, 95% CI 0?30-0?68) but not the use of taxis or long-distance transport. The influenza A(H1N1)09 vaccine had a protective effect (OR = 0?13, 95% CI 0?04-0?48), unlike hand washing after touching contaminated surfaces or the use of alcohol-based hand sanitizers. Conclusion The home environment appears to play an important role in the spread of influenza in adults, but not the use of public transport. Health care workers have a higher risk of contracting influenza. Vaccination was the most effective preventive measure.
? 2012 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
PMID:
22458533
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22458533