tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Rev Col Bras Cir
. 2022 Jan 5;48:e20213012.
doi: 10.1590/0100-6991e-20213012. eCollection 2022.
COVID-19 associated multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children mimicking acute appendicitis - how to differentiate and conduct pediatric patients during the pandemic? - Proposal of a management flowchart
[Article in English, Portuguese]
Loraine Entringer Falqueto[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Carolina Martins Vissoci[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Isabella Cristina Bonetto Ferreira[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Amanda Ginani Antunes[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Fernando Antônio Bersani Amado[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Sylvio Andrade Gilberto Avilla[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Claudio Schulz[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Fabio Araujo Motta[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Elisangela DE Mattos E Silva[SUP] 1 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Abstract
Introduction: the new coronavirus pandemic has been a reality throughout 2020, and it has brought great challenges. The virus predominantly manifests in the pediatric population with mild symptoms. However, an increase in the incidence of Multisystemic Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C) associated with COVID-19 has been described in the literature. MIS-C manifests mainly with fever and gastrointestinal symptoms and may mimic acute abdomen due to acute appendicitis. The objective of this study is to propose a care flowchart for suspected cases of acute appendicitis in the initial phase in pandemic times, considering the possibility of MIS-C. This situation was brought up by a patient treated in a pediatric hospital in Brazil.
Discussion: It was possible to identify common signs and symptoms in the reported patient and those published cases that may serve as alerts for early identification of MIS-C cases. Based on the literature review and on the similarities between the syndrome and the inflammatory acute abdomen in children, we elaborated an initial approach for these cases to facilitate the identification, early diagnosis, and management. The flowchart considers details of the clinical history, physical examination, and complementary exams prior to the indication of appendectomy in patients with initial phase symptoms.
Conclusion: MIS-C, although rare and of poorly known pathophysiology, is most often severe and has a high mortality risk. The use of the proposed flowchart can help in the diagnosis and early treatment of MIS-C.
. 2022 Jan 5;48:e20213012.
doi: 10.1590/0100-6991e-20213012. eCollection 2022.
COVID-19 associated multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children mimicking acute appendicitis - how to differentiate and conduct pediatric patients during the pandemic? - Proposal of a management flowchart
[Article in English, Portuguese]
Loraine Entringer Falqueto[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Carolina Martins Vissoci[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Isabella Cristina Bonetto Ferreira[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Amanda Ginani Antunes[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Fernando Antônio Bersani Amado[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Sylvio Andrade Gilberto Avilla[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Claudio Schulz[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Fabio Araujo Motta[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Elisangela DE Mattos E Silva[SUP] 1 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 35019073
- DOI: 10.1590/0100-6991e-20213012
Abstract
Introduction: the new coronavirus pandemic has been a reality throughout 2020, and it has brought great challenges. The virus predominantly manifests in the pediatric population with mild symptoms. However, an increase in the incidence of Multisystemic Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C) associated with COVID-19 has been described in the literature. MIS-C manifests mainly with fever and gastrointestinal symptoms and may mimic acute abdomen due to acute appendicitis. The objective of this study is to propose a care flowchart for suspected cases of acute appendicitis in the initial phase in pandemic times, considering the possibility of MIS-C. This situation was brought up by a patient treated in a pediatric hospital in Brazil.
Discussion: It was possible to identify common signs and symptoms in the reported patient and those published cases that may serve as alerts for early identification of MIS-C cases. Based on the literature review and on the similarities between the syndrome and the inflammatory acute abdomen in children, we elaborated an initial approach for these cases to facilitate the identification, early diagnosis, and management. The flowchart considers details of the clinical history, physical examination, and complementary exams prior to the indication of appendectomy in patients with initial phase symptoms.
Conclusion: MIS-C, although rare and of poorly known pathophysiology, is most often severe and has a high mortality risk. The use of the proposed flowchart can help in the diagnosis and early treatment of MIS-C.