Re: Regional Update 2012-13 Season: Weeks 42-47
Re: Regional Update 2012-13 Season: Weeks 42-47
According to Pan American Health Organization for Week 47:
Caribbean
SARI hospitalizations was 3.9% which is higher than what was reported during the prior week (3.6%). The SARI admission rate increased in 2 countries (St. Vincent and the Grenadines and Belize) and remained at nil for one country (Trinidad and Tobago). The highest rate of SARI was among children 6 months to 4 years age (12.6% of hospital medical admissions were due to SARI). One SARI death was reported from Belize; the patient was >65 years age. To date in 2012, the overall percentage positivity for samples tested is 38%, with a 20% positivity for influenza.
Cuba, the percentage of positive samples for influenza viruses was 50% among the tested samples (n=96). RSV, Influenza A(H1N1)pdm09, parainfluenza and other respiratory viruses were detected
Jamaica ARI was 7.2% (0.3% lower than the previous EW). The proportion of admissions due to SARI was 1.1 % (0.5% decrease when compared to the EW before).
Dominican Republic, percent positivity for respiratory viruses was 21.4%. Parainfluenza, SRV and Influenza B were detected.
Guadalupe, bronchiolitis epidemic associated to RSV circulation decreased and the number of consultations has been below the epidemic threshold during the last 3 weeks.
Martinique, the epidemic of bronchiolitis associated to RSV, reported in October, has been decreasing since the beginning of November; however, in EW 47, the number of outpatient consultations for bronchiolitis still remains higher than the expected level for this time of the year.
Saint-Martin and Saint-Barthélemy: no influenza or other respiratory virus activity was reported.
Central America
Costa Rica, EW 46, the percentage of positive samples for respiratory viruses (57%) was higher than the previous weeks. RSV remained as the predominant circulating virus. Among influenza viruses, influenza A was more prevalent. Among the influenza A subtyped, mainly influenza A(H3N2) was detected.
El Salvador: The cumulative number of ARI cases in 2012 was higher as compared to the same period in 2011; and the cumulative number of pneumonia cases in 2012 was lower as compared to the same period in 2011. The highest percentages of ARI cases (21%) and pneumonia cases (39%) were reported in the children 1-4 years old group. RSV, adenovirus and A(H3N2) detected.
Guatemala: RSV and A(H3N2).
Honduras: ILI consultations 5%. The proportion of SARI hospitalizations (9%) decreased as compared to the previous week, however, it remained in a high level as compared to 2012 and higher than observed in 2011. The proportion of positive samples (50%), associated with higher circulation of influenza A(H3N2). RSV decreased.
Nicaragua: percentage of positive samples for respiratory viruses (24%). Influenza B has been the predominant circulating virus.
Panama: the percentage of positive samples for respiratory viruses was 88%, mainly associated to RSV. Low influenza activity (influenza B) was reported.
South America
La Paz, Bolivia: SARI (5.3%) admissions slightly increased with respect to the previous EW with no ICU admissions and no SARI-deaths reported. 22.7% percent positive; predominance of influenza B.
Santa Cruz (CENETROP): positivity was 5%. Parainfluenza was detected among the positives.
Colombia: SARI hospitalizations (12.3%) and ICU admissions (9.5%) slightly increased while ILI consultations (10.5%) remained similar to previous EW. 14% positive, with a predominance of influenza A(H3N2), followed by influenza B.
Ecuador: SARI hospitalizations, SARI ICU admissions and SARI deaths (2%, 1% and 2% respectively) no significant changes with respect to the previous EW. 6.5% positivity, detecting parainfluenza virus. No influenza viruses were detected in the last 5 weeks.
Peru: endemic channel of ARIs and pneumonias in children under 5 years remained within the expected levels for this time of period. At the subnational level, Lambayeque, Madre de Dios and Ucayali reported a pneumonia activity in children under 5 years old above or close to the epidemic threshold of the endemic channel. The percentage of positive samples for respiratory viruses among samples tested was 7%, which was lower with respect to the previous EW, with a predominance of RSV and influenza A(H1N1)pdm09.
Venezuela, at the national level, in EW 46, the number of ARIs and pneumonias slightly decreased (of 6.4% and 5.5% respectively) and remained within the safety zone of endemic channel. For both ARI and pneumonia, children less than one year were the most affected age group. At the national level, SARI rate in EW 46 were 53,12/100,000 population, with 11 states exceeding this rate (Apure, Guarico, Monagas, Yaracuy, Trujillo, Mérida, Vargas, Zulia, Distrito Capital, Tachira and Delta Amacuro). So far, in 2012, cumulative positivity of 8.6% with predominance of influenza B (33.8%), influenza A(H3N2) (13.3%) and RSV (21.2%) among the positives.
South America –Southern Cone & Brazil
Argentina: at the national level, ILI cases remained in the safety zone while SARI cases was slightly higher than the reported values for 2011. At the sub-national level, some provinces such as Buenos Aires, Entre Ríos, Santa Fe, La Rioja, San Juan, San Luis, Formosa, Catamarca, Jujuy, Tucumán and Río Negro showed cumulative rates higher than the last year. The percentage of positive samples for respiratory viruses was 38.6% showing a significant increase; influenza A (46.9%) among the positive samples.
Brazil: percentage of positive samples for influenza viruses was 5% among the tested, detecting influenza B this week.
Chile: ILI was 6.1 per 100.000 population, with no significant changes with respect to the previous EW and remaining in alert zone of the endemic channel. The percentage positivity for respiratory viruses, 16.3%; predominance of influenza B, parainfluenza and adenovirus. In SARI surveillance, 4 positive samples (1 case associated with influenza B) were reported among the tested samples (n=8).
Paraguay: ILI consultations (6%) in sentinel units. In the SARI surveillance system in sentinel units, the proportion of hospitalizations was 2.8%, percentage positivity of 23%, detecting influenza B, adenovirus and parainfluenza.
Uruguay: SARI surveillance system, the proportion of hospitalizations showed no significant change, while proportion of ICU admissions slightly increased with respect to the prior EW. No SARI-deaths were reported in EW 47.
http://new.paho.org/hq/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=3352&Itemid=2469&to=2246
