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Rabies Vaccine Protects Nonhuman Primates Against Deadly Ebola Virus

JimO

JimO

Well-known member
This is interesting.

Rabies Vaccine Protects Nonhuman Primates Against Deadly Ebola Virus

-snip-

Researchers from NIAID and Thomas Jefferson University, in Philadelphia, developed a vaccine based on the established rabies virus vaccine that, when tested in mice, proved safe and provided protection against both rabies and Ebola infection. As the next step to that success, the researchers tested three different types of the novel rabies/Ebola vaccine in nonhuman primates to determine their protective effect.

In their investigation, the results of which were published online May 30, 2013, the researchers tested a replication-competent rabies virus vaccine, a replication-deficient rabies virus vaccine, and a chemically inactivated rabies virus vaccine expressing Ebola glycoprotein. Fifteen rhesus macaques, divided into four groups, were immunized intramuscularly with one of the three vaccines or a control vaccine. All of the animals were followed for both rabies and Ebola-specific immune responses. After 42 days, all of the nonhuman primates were transferred to NIAID?s biosafety level-4 facility at Rocky Mountain Laboratories in Hamilton, Montana, for challenge with the Ebola virus.

Results and Significance

All three vaccines produced potent immune responses against both rabies and Ebola. In terms of protection, the live replication-competent vaccines provided 100 percent protection following challenge with the Ebola virus. The replication-deficient and inactivated vaccines afforded 50 percent protection. According to the researchers, the protection of the immunized animals against Ebola virus infection was largely dependent on the quality of the B-cell driven immune response rather than the quantity of the response. These humoral immune responses as well as high glycoprotein-specific antibodies were particularly helpful in controlling Ebola virus infection after immunization, the researchers wrote.

more...

http://www.niaid.nih.gov/topics/ebolaMarburg/Pages/rabiesVaccebola.aspx
 
Re: Rabies Vaccine Protects Nonhuman Primates Against Deadly Ebola Virus

Given this vaccine is in use for rabies prevention and has a safety track record, how fast could they do a trial? Seems very worth pursuing!
 
Re: Rabies Vaccine Protects Nonhuman Primates Against Deadly Ebola Virus

This is very promising. Since pets (cats and dogs at least) are routinely vaccinated against rabies, I wonder if this means they are protected from ebola infection.
 
Re: Rabies Vaccine Protects Nonhuman Primates Against Deadly Ebola Virus

tested three different types of the novel rabies/Ebola vaccine
Click to expand...

This means it is a modified vaccine not the one commonly available.
 
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Re: Rabies Vaccine Protects Nonhuman Primates Against Deadly Ebola Virus

Are any of the vaccines listed the one they use for people who've been exposed to rabid animals?
Sorry was typing question while previous message was being posted.
 
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Re: Rabies Vaccine Protects Nonhuman Primates Against Deadly Ebola Virus

I have doubts about this tactic and I may be wrong. This is my opinion only and this is what I wrote when asked about this before...

Firstly the title.

"Rabies Vaccine Protects Nonhuman Primates Against Deadly Ebola Virus"

Title is misleading. Current rabies vaccine offers no protection what so ever against Ebola. What they are talking about is the development of a new vaccine based on a genetically modified whole rabies virus engineered to express glycoproteins from 3 strains of Ebola. ( translated roughly means attaching Ebola to the rabies virus ) ( eh lovely .....hope the raw material of this vaccine doesn't escape out the lab).

Let's look at the rabies vaccines currently in use. For pets and animal vaccination they use a harmless vaccinia virus with glycoproteins from the rabies virus inserted into it.( V-RG). Can't use this tactic in humans because it doesn't give great immunity, so in humans they have no choice but to use WHOLE rabies virus that has been killed.....note the whole virus not just parts of it.
( Imovax Rabies and RabAvert ).

The vaccine in the study is made from the whole rabies virus and added in Ebola glycoproteins.

Here's my problem with it.


So in the study they used 3 vaccines made with different types of this new hybrid virus.

Let's take away all the filler statements and actually break the results down into easy to read chunks.

So all three vaccines did produced immune responses against both rabies and Ebola. Break out the champagne..... Eh no wait ...... IMPORTANTLY WHAT I NOTICED WAS NOT ALL RESPONSES WERE EQUAL.

1: the live replication-competent vaccines provided 100 percent protection following challenge with the Ebola virus.

2: The replication-deficient virus vaccine just 50%

3: inactivated virus vaccines also only 50% protected. ( this is important).

If you read further on and it says "The research team is pursuing the inactivated rabies/Ebola vaccine for use in humans"...... Well of course they are, they aren't going to get a licence for the other 2 ( would you like to be vaccinated with a live replication competent rabies virus with 3 virulent factors for Ebola in it....No of course not this is a none starter)They can only use the third option in humans, and it is only 50% success in non human primates ( which will probably dwindle more if moved into humans).

So at present they are wanting to further develop an inactivated rabies/Ebola vaccine that is only 50% effective in non human primates. To overcome this they are going to try getting the rabies virus to express even higher levels of Ebola virus glycoprotein ( not always easy to do), and are even saying you will need 2 doses. ( quote: an additional immunization dose). No matter what they are scientifically and probably financially miles from human testing. They don't have an end product to test just now.

Synic in me thinks a lot of research groups ( not saying the one in this study are), but a lot will suddenly be inserting the word Ebola in their grant applications, in the hope of accessing some of that money that is out there.

The one thing good about the group is like many others before them they report Quote "the protection of the immunised animals against Ebola virus infection was largely dependent on the quality of the B-cell driven immune response rather than the quantity"..

I think this is why we will have to look at a heavily adjuvanted vaccine , or a 2 dose vaccine.

To date I have only seen one report of a potential vaccine using a single dose. It was in Nature last month, though even the authors are expressing caution, and here is quick summary from science daily.

Quote:
One shot of an experimental vaccine made from two Ebola virus gene segments incorporated into a chimpanzee cold virus vector, called chimp adenovirus type 3 or ChAd3, protected all four macaque monkeys exposed to high levels of Ebola virus 5 weeks after inoculation, report scientists.

http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2014/09/140908152930.htm


As I said this is just my opinion
 
Re: Rabies Vaccine Protects Nonhuman Primates Against Deadly Ebola Virus

There is this though - from the other thread -
In spite of the doctor/scientists remaining healthy, (and some treated patients intensively), most of the nuns at the hospital got sick and died, including those who used the same PPE as the scientists. The one science team member who got ill was a Peace Corps volunteer and they weren't quite sure if he had rabies, ebola, or both so they treated him for both and he recovered in six days. At that time rabies was a mandatory vaccine for Peace Corps workers, but they gave him another dose of rabies vaccine produced with a different technology than the first. The question was left open as to whether the volunteer actually had a novel disease rather than Ebola or rabies.
Click to expand...

The rabies vaccine used by the Peace Corp was the duck embryo vaccine - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6887320
 
Re: Rabies Vaccine Protects Nonhuman Primates Against Deadly Ebola Virus

Emily said:
That's a great find, kiwibird! We have a counterpart in Sierra Leone in Mr. Suluku raising the same question about rabies vaccine.
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Thanks Emily. If there is any follow up of the Lemera community that was vaccinated - that might throw some light on things.
I wonder if they used the same rabies vaccination in Lemera Emily? http://www.msf.org.uk/article/drc-fa...-rabies-horror

And how the district has fared with Ebola. Perhaps there were enough individuals with immunity to ring fence the local population..?
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