tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
. 2021 Jun 22;118(25):e2024815118.
doi: 10.1073/pnas.2024815118.
The total number and mass of SARS-CoV-2 virions
Ron Sender[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Yinon M Bar-On[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Shmuel Gleizer[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Biana Bernshtein[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Avi Flamholz[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Rob Phillips[SUP] 3 4 5 [/SUP], Ron Milo[SUP] 6 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Abstract
Quantitatively describing the time course of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection within an infected individual is important for understanding the current global pandemic and possible ways to combat it. Here we integrate the best current knowledge about the typical viral load of SARS-CoV-2 in bodily fluids and host tissues to estimate the total number and mass of SARS-CoV-2 virions in an infected person. We estimate that each infected person carries 10[SUP]9[/SUP] to 10[SUP]11[/SUP] virions during peak infection, with a total mass in the range of 1 μg to 100 μg, which curiously implies that all SARS-CoV-2 virions currently circulating within human hosts have a collective mass of only 0.1 kg to 10 kg. We combine our estimates with the available literature on host immune response and viral mutation rates to demonstrate how antibodies markedly outnumber the spike proteins, and the genetic diversity of virions in an infected host covers all possible single nucleotide substitutions.
Keywords: COVID-19; genetic diversity; variants of concern; viral biomass; viral load.
. 2021 Jun 22;118(25):e2024815118.
doi: 10.1073/pnas.2024815118.
The total number and mass of SARS-CoV-2 virions
Ron Sender[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Yinon M Bar-On[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Shmuel Gleizer[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Biana Bernshtein[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Avi Flamholz[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Rob Phillips[SUP] 3 4 5 [/SUP], Ron Milo[SUP] 6 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 34083352
- DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2024815118
Abstract
Quantitatively describing the time course of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection within an infected individual is important for understanding the current global pandemic and possible ways to combat it. Here we integrate the best current knowledge about the typical viral load of SARS-CoV-2 in bodily fluids and host tissues to estimate the total number and mass of SARS-CoV-2 virions in an infected person. We estimate that each infected person carries 10[SUP]9[/SUP] to 10[SUP]11[/SUP] virions during peak infection, with a total mass in the range of 1 μg to 100 μg, which curiously implies that all SARS-CoV-2 virions currently circulating within human hosts have a collective mass of only 0.1 kg to 10 kg. We combine our estimates with the available literature on host immune response and viral mutation rates to demonstrate how antibodies markedly outnumber the spike proteins, and the genetic diversity of virions in an infected host covers all possible single nucleotide substitutions.
Keywords: COVID-19; genetic diversity; variants of concern; viral biomass; viral load.