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Prevention of Antigenically Drifted Influenza by Inactivated and Live Attenuated Vacc

A

Anne

Senior Moderator
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[FONT=Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif][SIZE=+2]Prevention of Antigenically Drifted Influenza by Inactivated and Live Attenuated Vaccines[/SIZE][/FONT]
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<center>[SIZE=+1] Suzanne E. Ohmit, Dr.P.H., John C. Victor, Ph.D., M.P.H., Judy R. Rotthoff, R.N., Esther R. Teich, M.A., Rachel K. Truscon, M.P.H., Laura L. Baum, M.S., Bhavya Rangarajan, M.P.H., Duane W. Newton, Ph.D., Matthew L. Boulton, M.D., M.P.H., and Arnold S. Monto, M.D. [/SIZE]</center>
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</td><td valign="middle">[FONT=arial, helvetica, sans-serif][SIZE=-1]by Fukuda, K.[/SIZE][/FONT]</td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td colspan="2">
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</td></tr> </tbody></table> </td> </tr> </tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table> <!-- end of outer content box1 --> <!-- end of outer content box2 --> <!-- <CENTER> Prevention of Antigenically Drifted Influenza by Inactivated and Live Attenuated Vaccines

</CENTER> --> <!-- <CENTER> </NOBR><NOBR>Suzanne E. Ohmit, Dr.P.H.</NOBR>, <NOBR>John C. Victor, Ph.D., M.P.H.</NOBR>, <NOBR>Judy R. Rotthoff, R.N.</NOBR>, <NOBR>Esther R. Teich, M.A.</NOBR>, <NOBR>Rachel K. Truscon, M.P.H.</NOBR>, <NOBR>Laura L. Baum, M.S.</NOBR>, <NOBR>Bhavya Rangarajan, M.P.H.</NOBR>, <NOBR>Duane W. Newton, Ph.D.</NOBR>, <NOBR>Matthew L. Boulton, M.D., M.P.H.</NOBR> and <NOBR>Arnold S. Monto, M.D.</NOBR> </CENTER> --> [FONT=arial, helvetica][SIZE=+1]ABSTRACT[/SIZE][/FONT]
[FONT=arial, helvetica] Background The efficacy of influenza vaccines may decline during<sup> </sup>years when the circulating viruses have antigenically drifted<sup> </sup>from those included in the vaccine.<sup> </sup>[/FONT]
[FONT=arial, helvetica]Methods We carried out a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled<sup> </sup>trial of inactivated and live attenuated influenza vaccines<sup> </sup>in healthy adults during the 2004?2005 influenza season<sup> </sup>and estimated both absolute and relative efficacies.<sup> </sup>[/FONT]
[FONT=arial, helvetica]Results A total of 1247 persons were vaccinated between October<sup> </sup>and December 2004. Influenza activity in Michigan began in January<sup> </sup>2005 with the circulation of an antigenically drifted type A<sup> </sup>(H3N2) virus, the A/California/07/2004-like strain, and of type<sup> </sup>B viruses from two lineages. The absolute efficacy of the inactivated<sup> </sup>vaccine against both types of virus was 77% (95% confidence<sup> </sup>interval [CI], 37 to 92) as measured by isolating the virus<sup> </sup>in cell culture, 75% (95% CI, 42 to 90) as measured by either<sup> </sup>isolating the virus in cell culture or identifying it through<sup> </sup>real-time polymerase chain reaction, and 67% (95% CI, 16 to<sup> </sup>87) as measured by either isolating the virus or observing a<sup> </sup>rise in the serum antibody titer. The absolute efficacies of<sup> </sup>the live attenuated vaccine were 57% (95% CI, ?3 to 82),<sup> </sup>48% (95% CI, ?7 to 74), and 30% (95% CI, ?57 to<sup> </sup>67), respectively. The difference in efficacy between the two<sup> </sup>vaccines appeared to be related mainly to reduced protection<sup> </sup>of the live attenuated vaccine against type B viruses.<sup> </sup>[/FONT]
[FONT=arial, helvetica]Conclusions In the 2004?2005 season, in which most circulating<sup> </sup>viruses were dissimilar to those included in the vaccine, the<sup> </sup>inactivated vaccine was efficacious in preventing laboratory-confirmed<sup> </sup>symptomatic illnesses from influenza in healthy adults. The<sup> </sup>live attenuated vaccine also prevented influenza illnesses but<sup> </sup><!-- HIGHWIRE EXLINK_ID="355:24:2513:1" VALUE="NCT00133523" TYPEGUESS="CLINTRIALGOV" -->was less efficacious. (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00133523 [ClinicalTrials.gov]<!-- /HIGHWIRE --> .)


http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/full/355/24/2513 here, the whole article
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