tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2012 May 25. [Epub ahead of print]
Post-Exposure Prophylaxis for Influenza in Pediatric Wards: Oseltamivir or Zanamivir After Rapid Antigen Detection.
Shinjoh M, Takano Y, Takahashi T, Hasegawa N, Iwata S, Sugaya N.
Source
1Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan 2Center for Infectious Diseases and Infection Control, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan Center for Infectious Diseases and Infection Control, Keio University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan 3Department of Pediatrics, Keiyu Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan.
Abstract
BACKGROUND:
Post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) using neuraminidase inhibitors influenza virus has been well studied in household settings but not in nosocomial settings in pediatric wards.
METHODS:
We have used oseltamivir or zanamivir as PEP in our pediatric wards. All influenza cases were diagnosed by the influenza rapid diagnostic test (IRDT).
RESULTS:
Between 2003 and 2011, there were 20 nosocomial introductions of influenza (10 were A, 9 were B, and 1 was undetermined). The index cases consisted of 17 inpatients, 2 parents, and 1 medical staff member. The 17 inpatients had been admitted to the hospital for reasons other than infectious disease and they developed influenza after hospitalization. Among the 81 contacts, 28 (35%) were exposed to influenza A, and 52 (64%) were exposed to influenza B. The rate of secondary infection among contacts not given PEP was 29% (5/17), and the rate among contacts given PEP was significantly lower, 3% (2/63) (p = 0.004). The two infected contacts who had been given PEP were both influenza B cases, and both had received oseltamivir. The contacts who received PEP within 24 hours (59), for influenza A (23), and those who received zanamivir (15) did not develop influenza. No adverse events were reported.
CONCLUSIONS:
PEP using oseltamivir or zanamivir for unexpected occurrences of nosocomial influenza in pediatric wards is safe and effective. The IRDT that we used was helpful for detecting nosocomial influenza in children.
PMID:
22634596
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22634596
Post-Exposure Prophylaxis for Influenza in Pediatric Wards: Oseltamivir or Zanamivir After Rapid Antigen Detection.
Shinjoh M, Takano Y, Takahashi T, Hasegawa N, Iwata S, Sugaya N.
Source
1Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan 2Center for Infectious Diseases and Infection Control, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan Center for Infectious Diseases and Infection Control, Keio University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan 3Department of Pediatrics, Keiyu Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan.
Abstract
BACKGROUND:
Post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) using neuraminidase inhibitors influenza virus has been well studied in household settings but not in nosocomial settings in pediatric wards.
METHODS:
We have used oseltamivir or zanamivir as PEP in our pediatric wards. All influenza cases were diagnosed by the influenza rapid diagnostic test (IRDT).
RESULTS:
Between 2003 and 2011, there were 20 nosocomial introductions of influenza (10 were A, 9 were B, and 1 was undetermined). The index cases consisted of 17 inpatients, 2 parents, and 1 medical staff member. The 17 inpatients had been admitted to the hospital for reasons other than infectious disease and they developed influenza after hospitalization. Among the 81 contacts, 28 (35%) were exposed to influenza A, and 52 (64%) were exposed to influenza B. The rate of secondary infection among contacts not given PEP was 29% (5/17), and the rate among contacts given PEP was significantly lower, 3% (2/63) (p = 0.004). The two infected contacts who had been given PEP were both influenza B cases, and both had received oseltamivir. The contacts who received PEP within 24 hours (59), for influenza A (23), and those who received zanamivir (15) did not develop influenza. No adverse events were reported.
CONCLUSIONS:
PEP using oseltamivir or zanamivir for unexpected occurrences of nosocomial influenza in pediatric wards is safe and effective. The IRDT that we used was helpful for detecting nosocomial influenza in children.
PMID:
22634596
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22634596