tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
J Infect Dis. 2016 Feb 9. pii: jiw048. [Epub ahead of print]
[h=1]Positive contribution of adjuvanted influenza vaccines on the resolution of bacterial superinfections.[/h] Zurli V[SUP]1[/SUP], Gallotta M[SUP]2[/SUP], Taccone M[SUP]3[/SUP], Chiarot E[SUP]3[/SUP], Brazzoli M[SUP]3[/SUP], Corrente F[SUP]3[/SUP], Bonci A[SUP]3[/SUP], Casini D[SUP]3[/SUP], De Gregorio E[SUP]3[/SUP], Baudner BC[SUP]3[/SUP], Bertholet S[SUP]3[/SUP], Seubert A[SUP]4[/SUP].
[h=3]Author information[/h]
[h=3]Abstract[/h] [h=4]BACKGROUND:[/h] Most pre-clinical studies assess vaccine effectiveness in single-pathogen infection models. This is unrealistic given that humans are continuously exposed to different commensals and pathogens in sequential and mixed infections. Accordingly, complications from secondary bacterial infection are a leading cause of influenza-associated morbidity and mortality. New vaccination strategies are needed to control infections on simultaneous fronts.
[h=4]METHODS:[/h] We compared different anti-influenza vaccines for their protective potential in a model of viral infection with bacterial superinfection. Mice were immunized with H1N1/A/California/7/2009 subunit vaccines, formulated with different adjuvants inducing either Th1- [MF59+CpG], Th2- [MF59] or Th17- [LTK63] prone immune responses, and were sequentially challenged with mouse-adapted influenza virus H1N1/A/Puerto Rico/8/1934 and Staphylococcus aureus USA300, a clonotype emerging as a leading contributor in post-influenza pneumonia in humans.
[h=4]RESULTS:[/h] Unadjuvanted vaccine controlled single viral infection, yet mice had considerable morbidity from viral disease and bacterial superinfection. In contrast, all adjuvanted vaccines efficiently protected mice in both conditions. Interestingly, the Th1-inducing formulation was superior to Th1/2- or Th17-inducers.
[h=4]CONCLUSIONS:[/h] Our studies should help to better understand how differential immunity to influenza skews immune responses towards co-infecting bacteria, and moreover to discover novel modes to prevent bacterial superinfections in the lungs of people suffering from influenza.
? The Author 2016. Published by Oxford University Press for the Infectious Diseases Society of America. All rights reserved. For permissions, e-mail journals.permissions@oup.com.
PMID: 26908732 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
[h=1]Positive contribution of adjuvanted influenza vaccines on the resolution of bacterial superinfections.[/h] Zurli V[SUP]1[/SUP], Gallotta M[SUP]2[/SUP], Taccone M[SUP]3[/SUP], Chiarot E[SUP]3[/SUP], Brazzoli M[SUP]3[/SUP], Corrente F[SUP]3[/SUP], Bonci A[SUP]3[/SUP], Casini D[SUP]3[/SUP], De Gregorio E[SUP]3[/SUP], Baudner BC[SUP]3[/SUP], Bertholet S[SUP]3[/SUP], Seubert A[SUP]4[/SUP].
[h=3]Author information[/h]
[h=3]Abstract[/h] [h=4]BACKGROUND:[/h] Most pre-clinical studies assess vaccine effectiveness in single-pathogen infection models. This is unrealistic given that humans are continuously exposed to different commensals and pathogens in sequential and mixed infections. Accordingly, complications from secondary bacterial infection are a leading cause of influenza-associated morbidity and mortality. New vaccination strategies are needed to control infections on simultaneous fronts.
[h=4]METHODS:[/h] We compared different anti-influenza vaccines for their protective potential in a model of viral infection with bacterial superinfection. Mice were immunized with H1N1/A/California/7/2009 subunit vaccines, formulated with different adjuvants inducing either Th1- [MF59+CpG], Th2- [MF59] or Th17- [LTK63] prone immune responses, and were sequentially challenged with mouse-adapted influenza virus H1N1/A/Puerto Rico/8/1934 and Staphylococcus aureus USA300, a clonotype emerging as a leading contributor in post-influenza pneumonia in humans.
[h=4]RESULTS:[/h] Unadjuvanted vaccine controlled single viral infection, yet mice had considerable morbidity from viral disease and bacterial superinfection. In contrast, all adjuvanted vaccines efficiently protected mice in both conditions. Interestingly, the Th1-inducing formulation was superior to Th1/2- or Th17-inducers.
[h=4]CONCLUSIONS:[/h] Our studies should help to better understand how differential immunity to influenza skews immune responses towards co-infecting bacteria, and moreover to discover novel modes to prevent bacterial superinfections in the lungs of people suffering from influenza.
? The Author 2016. Published by Oxford University Press for the Infectious Diseases Society of America. All rights reserved. For permissions, e-mail journals.permissions@oup.com.
PMID: 26908732 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]