Giuseppe
Emeritus
Systematic Evaluation of Serotypes Causing Invasive Pneumococcal Disease among Children Under Five... (PLOS, abstract, edited)
[Source: PLOS, full text: <cite cite="http://www.plosmedicine.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pmed.1000348?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+plosmedicine%2FNewArticles+%28Ambra+-+Medicine+New+Articles%29">PLoS Medicine: Systematic Evaluation of Serotypes Causing Invasive Pneumococcal Disease among Children Under Five: The Pneumococcal Global Serotype Project</cite>. Abstract, edited.]
Research Article
Systematic Evaluation of Serotypes Causing Invasive Pneumococcal Disease among Children Under Five: The Pneumococcal Global Serotype Project
Hope Johnson and colleagues calculate the global and regional burden of serotype-specific pneumococcal disease in children under the age of five.
Hope L. Johnson 1*, Maria Deloria-Knoll 1, Orin S. Levine 1, Sonia K. Stoszek 2, Laura Freimanis Hance 2, Richard Reithinger 2?, Larry R. Muenz 2, Katherine L. O'Brien 1
1 International Vaccine Access Center, Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America,
2 Westat, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America
Abstract
Background
Approximately 800,000 children die each year due to pneumococcal disease and >90% of these deaths occur in developing countries where few children have access to life-saving serotype-based vaccines. Understanding the serotype epidemiology of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) among children is necessary for vaccine development and introduction policies. The aim of this study was to systematically estimate the global and regional distributions of serotypes causing IPD in children <5 years of age.
Methods and Findings
We systematically reviewed studies with IPD serotype data among children <5 years of age from the published literature and unpublished data provided by researchers. Studies conducted prior to pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) introduction, from 1980 to 2007, with ≥12 months of surveillance, and reporting ≥20 serotyped isolates were included. Serotype-specific proportions were pooled in a random effects meta-analysis and combined with PD incidence and mortality estimates to infer global and regional serotype-specific PD burden. Of 1,292, studies reviewed, 169 were included comprising 60,090 isolates from 70 countries. Globally and regionally, six to 11 serotypes accounted for ≥70% of IPD. Seven serotypes (1, 5, 6A, 6B, 14, 19F, 23F) were the most common globally; and based on year 2000 incidence and mortality estimates these seven serotypes accounted for >300,000 deaths in Africa and 200,000 deaths in Asia. Serotypes included in both the 10- and 13-valent PCVs accounted for 10 million cases and 600,000 deaths worldwide.
Conclusions
A limited number of serotypes cause most IPD worldwide. The serotypes included in existing PCV formulations account for 49%?88% of deaths in Africa and Asia where PD morbidity and mortality are the highest, but few children have access to these life-saving vaccines.
Please see later in the article for the Editors' Summary
Citation: Johnson HL, Deloria-Knoll M, Levine OS, Stoszek SK, Freimanis Hance L, et al. (2010) Systematic Evaluation of Serotypes Causing Invasive Pneumococcal Disease among Children Under Five: The Pneumococcal Global Serotype Project. PLoS Med 7(10): e1000348. doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1000348
Academic Editor: Jonathan Cohen, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, United Kingdom
Received: March 30, 2010; Accepted: August 26, 2010; Published: October 5, 2010
Copyright: ? 2010 Johnson et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Funding: This work was funded by the GAVI Alliance. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
Competing interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
Abbreviations: AMC, Advance Market Commitment; CI, confidence interval; GAVI, Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunisation; GBD, global burden of disease; ICC, intraclass correlation; IPD, invasive pneumococcal disease; LAC, Latin America and Caribbean; NA, North America; PCV, pneumococcal conjugate vaccine; PD, pneumococcal disease; SP, Streptococcus pneumoniae; TPP, target product profile; WHO, World Health Organization
* E-mail: hjohnson@jhsph.edu
? Current address: US Agency for International Development, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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[Source: PLOS, full text: <cite cite="http://www.plosmedicine.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pmed.1000348?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+plosmedicine%2FNewArticles+%28Ambra+-+Medicine+New+Articles%29">PLoS Medicine: Systematic Evaluation of Serotypes Causing Invasive Pneumococcal Disease among Children Under Five: The Pneumococcal Global Serotype Project</cite>. Abstract, edited.]
Research Article
Systematic Evaluation of Serotypes Causing Invasive Pneumococcal Disease among Children Under Five: The Pneumococcal Global Serotype Project
Hope Johnson and colleagues calculate the global and regional burden of serotype-specific pneumococcal disease in children under the age of five.
Hope L. Johnson 1*, Maria Deloria-Knoll 1, Orin S. Levine 1, Sonia K. Stoszek 2, Laura Freimanis Hance 2, Richard Reithinger 2?, Larry R. Muenz 2, Katherine L. O'Brien 1
1 International Vaccine Access Center, Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America,
2 Westat, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America
Abstract
Background
Approximately 800,000 children die each year due to pneumococcal disease and >90% of these deaths occur in developing countries where few children have access to life-saving serotype-based vaccines. Understanding the serotype epidemiology of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) among children is necessary for vaccine development and introduction policies. The aim of this study was to systematically estimate the global and regional distributions of serotypes causing IPD in children <5 years of age.
Methods and Findings
We systematically reviewed studies with IPD serotype data among children <5 years of age from the published literature and unpublished data provided by researchers. Studies conducted prior to pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) introduction, from 1980 to 2007, with ≥12 months of surveillance, and reporting ≥20 serotyped isolates were included. Serotype-specific proportions were pooled in a random effects meta-analysis and combined with PD incidence and mortality estimates to infer global and regional serotype-specific PD burden. Of 1,292, studies reviewed, 169 were included comprising 60,090 isolates from 70 countries. Globally and regionally, six to 11 serotypes accounted for ≥70% of IPD. Seven serotypes (1, 5, 6A, 6B, 14, 19F, 23F) were the most common globally; and based on year 2000 incidence and mortality estimates these seven serotypes accounted for >300,000 deaths in Africa and 200,000 deaths in Asia. Serotypes included in both the 10- and 13-valent PCVs accounted for 10 million cases and 600,000 deaths worldwide.
Conclusions
A limited number of serotypes cause most IPD worldwide. The serotypes included in existing PCV formulations account for 49%?88% of deaths in Africa and Asia where PD morbidity and mortality are the highest, but few children have access to these life-saving vaccines.
Please see later in the article for the Editors' Summary
Citation: Johnson HL, Deloria-Knoll M, Levine OS, Stoszek SK, Freimanis Hance L, et al. (2010) Systematic Evaluation of Serotypes Causing Invasive Pneumococcal Disease among Children Under Five: The Pneumococcal Global Serotype Project. PLoS Med 7(10): e1000348. doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1000348
Academic Editor: Jonathan Cohen, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, United Kingdom
Received: March 30, 2010; Accepted: August 26, 2010; Published: October 5, 2010
Copyright: ? 2010 Johnson et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Funding: This work was funded by the GAVI Alliance. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
Competing interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
Abbreviations: AMC, Advance Market Commitment; CI, confidence interval; GAVI, Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunisation; GBD, global burden of disease; ICC, intraclass correlation; IPD, invasive pneumococcal disease; LAC, Latin America and Caribbean; NA, North America; PCV, pneumococcal conjugate vaccine; PD, pneumococcal disease; SP, Streptococcus pneumoniae; TPP, target product profile; WHO, World Health Organization
* E-mail: hjohnson@jhsph.edu
? Current address: US Agency for International Development, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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