tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
PLoS One
. 2025 May 6;20(5):e0320434.
doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0320434. eCollection 2025. Effectiveness over time of a primary series of the original monovalent COVID-19 vaccines in adults in the United States
J Bradley Layton[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Patricia C Lloyd[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Lauren S Peetluk[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Yixin Jiao[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Djeneba Audrey Djibo[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Joann F Gruber[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Jie Deng[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Christine Bui[SUP] 1 [/SUP], An-Chi Lo[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Rachel P Ogilvie[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Ron Parambi[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Michael Miller[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Jennifer Song[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Lisa B Weatherby[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Sylvia Cho[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Hui Lee Wong[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Tainya C Clarke[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Jessica Rose Hervol[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Dóra Illei[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Elizabeth J Bell[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Grace Wenya Yang[SUP] 7 [/SUP], John D Seeger[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Michael Wernecke[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Morgan M Richey[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Richard A Forshee[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Steven A Anderson[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Yoganand Chillarige[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Cheryl N McMahill-Walraven[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Kandace L Amend[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Mary S Anthony[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Azadeh Shoaibi[SUP] 2 [/SUP]
Affiliations
With data from 2 US claims databases (Optum, CVS Health) supplemented with Immunization Information System COVID-19 vaccine records, we evaluated overall and time-specific vaccine effectiveness (VE) of an initial primary series for 3 monovalent COVID-19 vaccines-BNT162b2, mRNA-1273, and JNJ-7836735-in adults (18-64 years). Vaccinated individuals were matched to unvaccinated comparators, and we estimated VE against any medically diagnosed COVID-19 and hospital/emergency department (ED)-diagnosed COVID-19. Additionally, we estimated VE by era of predominant variants, in subgroups, and compared across vaccine brands. The cohorts consisted of 341,097 (Optum) and 1,151,775 (CVS Health) matched pairs for BNT162b2; 201,604 (Optum) and 651,545 (CVS Health) for mRNA-1273; and 49,285 (Optum) and 149,813 (CVS Health) for JNJ-7836735. The study period began 11 December 2020 (date of first COVID-19 vaccine availability in the US) and ended 15 January 2022 in Optum and 31 March 2022 in CVS Health. Summary VE estimates from meta-analysis against hospital/ED-diagnosed COVID-19 were: BNT162b2, 77% (95% CI, 76%-78%); mRNA-1273, 84% (95% CI, 83%-85%), JNJ-7836735 66% (95% CI, 63%-68%). VE estimates were higher for hospital/ED-diagnosed COVID-19 than for medically diagnosed COVID-19, and VE estimates were highest in adults receiving mRNA-1273 for both outcomes. VE was sustained for approximately 7 months for medically diagnosed and up to 9 months for hospital/ED-diagnosed COVID-19. VE differed by brand and variant era. Ongoing real-world surveillance of COVID-19 vaccines using robust data sources and methodology is needed as new variants and recommendations for updated vaccines have evolved.
. 2025 May 6;20(5):e0320434.
doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0320434. eCollection 2025. Effectiveness over time of a primary series of the original monovalent COVID-19 vaccines in adults in the United States
J Bradley Layton[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Patricia C Lloyd[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Lauren S Peetluk[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Yixin Jiao[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Djeneba Audrey Djibo[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Joann F Gruber[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Jie Deng[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Christine Bui[SUP] 1 [/SUP], An-Chi Lo[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Rachel P Ogilvie[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Ron Parambi[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Michael Miller[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Jennifer Song[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Lisa B Weatherby[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Sylvia Cho[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Hui Lee Wong[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Tainya C Clarke[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Jessica Rose Hervol[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Dóra Illei[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Elizabeth J Bell[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Grace Wenya Yang[SUP] 7 [/SUP], John D Seeger[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Michael Wernecke[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Morgan M Richey[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Richard A Forshee[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Steven A Anderson[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Yoganand Chillarige[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Cheryl N McMahill-Walraven[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Kandace L Amend[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Mary S Anthony[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Azadeh Shoaibi[SUP] 2 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 40327641
- PMCID: PMC12054878
- DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0320434
With data from 2 US claims databases (Optum, CVS Health) supplemented with Immunization Information System COVID-19 vaccine records, we evaluated overall and time-specific vaccine effectiveness (VE) of an initial primary series for 3 monovalent COVID-19 vaccines-BNT162b2, mRNA-1273, and JNJ-7836735-in adults (18-64 years). Vaccinated individuals were matched to unvaccinated comparators, and we estimated VE against any medically diagnosed COVID-19 and hospital/emergency department (ED)-diagnosed COVID-19. Additionally, we estimated VE by era of predominant variants, in subgroups, and compared across vaccine brands. The cohorts consisted of 341,097 (Optum) and 1,151,775 (CVS Health) matched pairs for BNT162b2; 201,604 (Optum) and 651,545 (CVS Health) for mRNA-1273; and 49,285 (Optum) and 149,813 (CVS Health) for JNJ-7836735. The study period began 11 December 2020 (date of first COVID-19 vaccine availability in the US) and ended 15 January 2022 in Optum and 31 March 2022 in CVS Health. Summary VE estimates from meta-analysis against hospital/ED-diagnosed COVID-19 were: BNT162b2, 77% (95% CI, 76%-78%); mRNA-1273, 84% (95% CI, 83%-85%), JNJ-7836735 66% (95% CI, 63%-68%). VE estimates were higher for hospital/ED-diagnosed COVID-19 than for medically diagnosed COVID-19, and VE estimates were highest in adults receiving mRNA-1273 for both outcomes. VE was sustained for approximately 7 months for medically diagnosed and up to 9 months for hospital/ED-diagnosed COVID-19. VE differed by brand and variant era. Ongoing real-world surveillance of COVID-19 vaccines using robust data sources and methodology is needed as new variants and recommendations for updated vaccines have evolved.