tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
PLoS One
. 2024 Oct 31;19(10):e0309808.
doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0309808. eCollection 2024. Clinical features of and severity risk factors for COVID-19 in adults during the predominance of SARS-CoV-2 XBB variants in Okinawa, Japan
Shuhei Ideguchi[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Kazuya Miyagi[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Wakaki Kami[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Daisuke Tasato[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Futoshi Higa[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Noriyuki Maeshiro[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Shota Nagamine[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Hideta Nakamura[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Takeshi Kinjo[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Masashi Nakamatsu[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Shusaku Haranaga[SUP] 7 [/SUP], Akihiro Tokushige[SUP] 8 [/SUP], Shinichiro Ueda[SUP] 8 [/SUP], Jiro Fujita[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Kazuko Yamamoto[SUP] 1 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Background and objective: Since 2023, COVID-19 induced by SARS-CoV-2 XBB variants have been a global epidemic. The XBB variant-induced epidemic was largest in the Okinawa Prefecture among areas in Japan, and healthcare institutions have been burdened by increased COVID-19 hospitalizations. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical features of XBB variant-induced COVID-19 and risk factors for severe COVID-19.
Methods: This retrospective study included adult patients hospitalized for COVID-19 between May and July 2023 at four tertiary medical institutions in Okinawa, Japan. Patients with bacterial infection-related complications were excluded. According to oxygen supplementation and intensive care unit admission, patients were divided into two groups, mild and severe. Patient backgrounds, symptoms, and outcomes were compared between both groups, and the risk factors for severe COVID-19 were analyzed using a multivariate logistic regression model.
Results: In total of 367 patients included, the median age was 75 years, with 18.5% classified into the severe group. The all-cause mortality rate was 4.9%. Patients in the severe group were more older, had more underlying diseases, and had a higher mortality rate (13.2%) than those in the mild group (3.0%). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that diabetes mellitus was an independent risk factor for severe COVID-19 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.002-3.772), whereas bivalent omicron booster vaccination was an independent factor for less severe COVID-19 (95% CI, 0.203-0.862).
Conclusion: This study implies that assessing risk factors in older adults is particularly important in the era of omicron variants.
. 2024 Oct 31;19(10):e0309808.
doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0309808. eCollection 2024. Clinical features of and severity risk factors for COVID-19 in adults during the predominance of SARS-CoV-2 XBB variants in Okinawa, Japan
Shuhei Ideguchi[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Kazuya Miyagi[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Wakaki Kami[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Daisuke Tasato[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Futoshi Higa[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Noriyuki Maeshiro[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Shota Nagamine[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Hideta Nakamura[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Takeshi Kinjo[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Masashi Nakamatsu[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Shusaku Haranaga[SUP] 7 [/SUP], Akihiro Tokushige[SUP] 8 [/SUP], Shinichiro Ueda[SUP] 8 [/SUP], Jiro Fujita[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Kazuko Yamamoto[SUP] 1 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 39480756
- PMCID: PMC11527311
- DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0309808
Background and objective: Since 2023, COVID-19 induced by SARS-CoV-2 XBB variants have been a global epidemic. The XBB variant-induced epidemic was largest in the Okinawa Prefecture among areas in Japan, and healthcare institutions have been burdened by increased COVID-19 hospitalizations. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical features of XBB variant-induced COVID-19 and risk factors for severe COVID-19.
Methods: This retrospective study included adult patients hospitalized for COVID-19 between May and July 2023 at four tertiary medical institutions in Okinawa, Japan. Patients with bacterial infection-related complications were excluded. According to oxygen supplementation and intensive care unit admission, patients were divided into two groups, mild and severe. Patient backgrounds, symptoms, and outcomes were compared between both groups, and the risk factors for severe COVID-19 were analyzed using a multivariate logistic regression model.
Results: In total of 367 patients included, the median age was 75 years, with 18.5% classified into the severe group. The all-cause mortality rate was 4.9%. Patients in the severe group were more older, had more underlying diseases, and had a higher mortality rate (13.2%) than those in the mild group (3.0%). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that diabetes mellitus was an independent risk factor for severe COVID-19 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.002-3.772), whereas bivalent omicron booster vaccination was an independent factor for less severe COVID-19 (95% CI, 0.203-0.862).
Conclusion: This study implies that assessing risk factors in older adults is particularly important in the era of omicron variants.