tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
J Virol. 2010 Nov 10. [Epub ahead of print]
Phylogeography of the Spring and Fall Waves of the H1N1/09 Pandemic Influenza Virus in the United States.
Nelson MI, Tan Y, Ghedin E, Wentworth DE, St George K, Edelman L, Beck ET, Fan J, Lam TT, Kumar S, Spiro DJ, Simonsen L, Viboud C, Holmes EC, Henrickson KJ, Musser JM.
Fogarty International Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland; Center for Vaccine Research, Department of Computational and Systems Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; J. Craig Venter Institute, Rockville, Maryland; Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, New York; Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Public Health, State University of New York, Albany, New York; Surveillance Data Inc., Plymouth Meeting, Pennsylvania; Medical College of Wisconsin, Children's Hospital of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin; Department of Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania; Department of Global Health, School of Public Health and Health Services, George Washington University, Washington, District of Columbia; Center for Molecular and Translational Human Infectious Diseases Research, The Methodist Hospital Research Institute, and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas.
Abstract
Spatial variation in the epidemiological patterns of successive waves of pandemic influenza virus in humans has been documented throughout the twentieth century, but never understood at a molecular level. However, the unprecedented intensity of sampling and whole-genome sequencing of the H1N1/09 pandemic virus now makes such an approach possible. To determine whether the spring and fall waves of the H1N1/09 influenza pandemic were associated with different epidemiological patterns, we undertook a large-scale phylogeographic analysis of viruses sampled from three localities in the United States. Analysis of genomic and epidemiological data reveals distinct spatial heterogeneities associated with the first pandemic wave, March - July 2009, in Houston, TX, Milwaukee, WI, and New York State. In Houston no specific H1N1/09 viral lineage dominated during the spring of 2009, a period when little epidemiological activity was observed in Texas. In contrast, major pandemic outbreaks occurred at this time in Milwaukee and New York State, each dominated by a different viral lineage and resulting from strong founder effects. During the second pandemic wave, beginning in August 2009, all three US localities were dominated by a single viral lineage, that which had been dominant in New York during wave 1. Hence, during this second phase of the pandemic, extensive viral migration and mixing diffused the spatially defined population structure that had characterized wave 1, amplifying the one viral lineage that had dominated early on in one of the world's largest international travel centers.
PMID: 21068250 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21068250
Phylogeography of the Spring and Fall Waves of the H1N1/09 Pandemic Influenza Virus in the United States.
Nelson MI, Tan Y, Ghedin E, Wentworth DE, St George K, Edelman L, Beck ET, Fan J, Lam TT, Kumar S, Spiro DJ, Simonsen L, Viboud C, Holmes EC, Henrickson KJ, Musser JM.
Fogarty International Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland; Center for Vaccine Research, Department of Computational and Systems Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; J. Craig Venter Institute, Rockville, Maryland; Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, New York; Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Public Health, State University of New York, Albany, New York; Surveillance Data Inc., Plymouth Meeting, Pennsylvania; Medical College of Wisconsin, Children's Hospital of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin; Department of Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania; Department of Global Health, School of Public Health and Health Services, George Washington University, Washington, District of Columbia; Center for Molecular and Translational Human Infectious Diseases Research, The Methodist Hospital Research Institute, and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas.
Abstract
Spatial variation in the epidemiological patterns of successive waves of pandemic influenza virus in humans has been documented throughout the twentieth century, but never understood at a molecular level. However, the unprecedented intensity of sampling and whole-genome sequencing of the H1N1/09 pandemic virus now makes such an approach possible. To determine whether the spring and fall waves of the H1N1/09 influenza pandemic were associated with different epidemiological patterns, we undertook a large-scale phylogeographic analysis of viruses sampled from three localities in the United States. Analysis of genomic and epidemiological data reveals distinct spatial heterogeneities associated with the first pandemic wave, March - July 2009, in Houston, TX, Milwaukee, WI, and New York State. In Houston no specific H1N1/09 viral lineage dominated during the spring of 2009, a period when little epidemiological activity was observed in Texas. In contrast, major pandemic outbreaks occurred at this time in Milwaukee and New York State, each dominated by a different viral lineage and resulting from strong founder effects. During the second pandemic wave, beginning in August 2009, all three US localities were dominated by a single viral lineage, that which had been dominant in New York during wave 1. Hence, during this second phase of the pandemic, extensive viral migration and mixing diffused the spatially defined population structure that had characterized wave 1, amplifying the one viral lineage that had dominated early on in one of the world's largest international travel centers.
PMID: 21068250 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21068250