tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Pharmacol Ther
. 2021 Oct 27;108027.
doi: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2021.108027. Online ahead of print.
Untapping host-targeting cross-protective efficacy of anticoagulants against SARS-CoV-2
Brian F Niemeyer[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Kambez H Benam[SUP] 2 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Abstract
Responding quickly to emerging respiratory viruses, such as SARS-CoV-2 the causative agent of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, is essential to stop uncontrolled spread of these pathogens and mitigate their socio-economic impact globally. This can be achieved through drug repurposing, which tackles inherent time- and resource-consuming processes associated with conventional drug discovery and development. In this review, we examine key preclinical and clinical therapeutic and prophylactic approaches that have been applied for treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infection. We break these strategies down into virus- versus host-targeting and discuss their reported efficacy, advantages, and disadvantages. Importantly, we highlight emerging evidence on application of host serine protease-inhibiting anticoagulants, such as nafamostat mesylate, as a potentially powerful therapy to inhibit virus activation and offer cross-protection against multiple strains of coronavirus, lower inflammatory response independent of its antiviral effect, and modulate clotting problems seen in COVID-19 pneumonia.
Keywords: Anti-inflammatory; Anticoagulant; Antiviral; Coronavirus; Drug repurposing; Host-targeting therapies; Nafamostat mesylate.
. 2021 Oct 27;108027.
doi: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2021.108027. Online ahead of print.
Untapping host-targeting cross-protective efficacy of anticoagulants against SARS-CoV-2
Brian F Niemeyer[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Kambez H Benam[SUP] 2 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 34718070
- DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2021.108027
Abstract
Responding quickly to emerging respiratory viruses, such as SARS-CoV-2 the causative agent of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, is essential to stop uncontrolled spread of these pathogens and mitigate their socio-economic impact globally. This can be achieved through drug repurposing, which tackles inherent time- and resource-consuming processes associated with conventional drug discovery and development. In this review, we examine key preclinical and clinical therapeutic and prophylactic approaches that have been applied for treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infection. We break these strategies down into virus- versus host-targeting and discuss their reported efficacy, advantages, and disadvantages. Importantly, we highlight emerging evidence on application of host serine protease-inhibiting anticoagulants, such as nafamostat mesylate, as a potentially powerful therapy to inhibit virus activation and offer cross-protection against multiple strains of coronavirus, lower inflammatory response independent of its antiviral effect, and modulate clotting problems seen in COVID-19 pneumonia.
Keywords: Anti-inflammatory; Anticoagulant; Antiviral; Coronavirus; Drug repurposing; Host-targeting therapies; Nafamostat mesylate.