tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Pediatr Pulmonol
. 2022 May 2.
doi: 10.1002/ppul.25949. Online ahead of print.
OBESITY IS A RISK FACTOR FOR DECREASE IN LUNG FUNCTION AFTER COVID-19 INFECTION IN CHILDREN WITH ASTHMA
Elif Soyak Aytekin[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Umit Murat Sahiner[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Sevda Tuten Dal[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Hilal Unsal[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Ozan Hakverdi[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Berna Oguz[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Yasemin Ozsurekci[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Bulent Enis Sekerel[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Ozge Soyer[SUP] 1 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Abstract
Introduction: It is not clear whether asthma, the most frequent chronic disease in childhood, is a risk for severe SARS-CoV-2 infection in the pediatric population and how SARS-CoV-2 infection affects the lung functions in these patients.
Purpose: We aimed to investigate the course and the consequences of SARS-CoV-2 infection among children with asthma and determine the risk factors for the decline in lung function tests METHODS: In this retrospective study, asthmatic children with Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) were compared with a random control group of asthmatic patients without COVID-19. In addition, the clinical course and the effect on lung function tests of COVID-19 among children with asthma were also evaluated.
Results: One hundred eighty-nine patients who had COVID-19, and 792 who did not were included in the study. Fever, fatigue, and cough were the most frequent symptoms during COVID-19. Regarding the severity of COVID-19, 163 patients (87.6%) had a mild clinical condition, 13 (7%) had moderate disease, one (0.5%) had severe disease and two had (1.1%) critically ill disease. Two patients were diagnosed with multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C), one patient suffered from pneumothorax. Lung function tests of the patients before and after COVID-19 infection were analyzed; no significant differences were found in FEV1 % (91.7% vs 90.9%, p=0.513), FVC% (89.8% vs 90.8%, p=0.502) and FEV1/FVC (103.1% vs 100.6%, p=0.056), while FEF25-75% values (107.6% vs 98.4%, p<0.001) were significantly lower after the COVID-19 infection. Obesity [OR: 3.785, 95%CI: 1.152-12.429, P =0.028] and having a family history of atopy [OR:3.359, 95%CI:1.168-9.657, P = 0.025] were found to be the independent risk factors for ≥25% decrease in FEF25-75 after COVID-19 infection.
Conclusion: COVID-19 infection leads to dysfunction of the small airways in asthmatic children and obesity is an independent risk factor for ≥25% decrease in FEF25-75. The long-term effects of COVID-19 infection especially on small airways require close monitoring in children with asthma. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Keywords: Asthma; COVID-19; childhood; obesity; small airway dysfunction.
. 2022 May 2.
doi: 10.1002/ppul.25949. Online ahead of print.
OBESITY IS A RISK FACTOR FOR DECREASE IN LUNG FUNCTION AFTER COVID-19 INFECTION IN CHILDREN WITH ASTHMA
Elif Soyak Aytekin[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Umit Murat Sahiner[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Sevda Tuten Dal[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Hilal Unsal[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Ozan Hakverdi[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Berna Oguz[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Yasemin Ozsurekci[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Bulent Enis Sekerel[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Ozge Soyer[SUP] 1 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 35502514
- DOI: 10.1002/ppul.25949
Abstract
Introduction: It is not clear whether asthma, the most frequent chronic disease in childhood, is a risk for severe SARS-CoV-2 infection in the pediatric population and how SARS-CoV-2 infection affects the lung functions in these patients.
Purpose: We aimed to investigate the course and the consequences of SARS-CoV-2 infection among children with asthma and determine the risk factors for the decline in lung function tests METHODS: In this retrospective study, asthmatic children with Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) were compared with a random control group of asthmatic patients without COVID-19. In addition, the clinical course and the effect on lung function tests of COVID-19 among children with asthma were also evaluated.
Results: One hundred eighty-nine patients who had COVID-19, and 792 who did not were included in the study. Fever, fatigue, and cough were the most frequent symptoms during COVID-19. Regarding the severity of COVID-19, 163 patients (87.6%) had a mild clinical condition, 13 (7%) had moderate disease, one (0.5%) had severe disease and two had (1.1%) critically ill disease. Two patients were diagnosed with multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C), one patient suffered from pneumothorax. Lung function tests of the patients before and after COVID-19 infection were analyzed; no significant differences were found in FEV1 % (91.7% vs 90.9%, p=0.513), FVC% (89.8% vs 90.8%, p=0.502) and FEV1/FVC (103.1% vs 100.6%, p=0.056), while FEF25-75% values (107.6% vs 98.4%, p<0.001) were significantly lower after the COVID-19 infection. Obesity [OR: 3.785, 95%CI: 1.152-12.429, P =0.028] and having a family history of atopy [OR:3.359, 95%CI:1.168-9.657, P = 0.025] were found to be the independent risk factors for ≥25% decrease in FEF25-75 after COVID-19 infection.
Conclusion: COVID-19 infection leads to dysfunction of the small airways in asthmatic children and obesity is an independent risk factor for ≥25% decrease in FEF25-75. The long-term effects of COVID-19 infection especially on small airways require close monitoring in children with asthma. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Keywords: Asthma; COVID-19; childhood; obesity; small airway dysfunction.