tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Pediatr Pulmonol
. 2021 Sep 2.
doi: 10.1002/ppul.25642. Online ahead of print.
Is cardiorespiratory disease associated with increased susceptibility of SARS-CoV-2 in children?
Cassidy Du Berry[SUP] 1 2 3 [/SUP], Thomas Saunders[SUP] 1 2 3 [/SUP], Alissa McMinn[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Shidan Tosif[SUP] 1 2 3 [/SUP], Shivanthan Shanthikumar[SUP] 1 2 3 [/SUP], Moya Vandeleur[SUP] 1 2 3 [/SUP], Joanne Harrison[SUP] 1 2 3 [/SUP], David Burgner[SUP] 1 2 3 [/SUP], Sarath Ranganathan[SUP] 1 2 3 [/SUP], Nigel Crawford[SUP] 1 2 3 [/SUP], Danielle Wurzel[SUP] 1 2 3 4 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Abstract
Background: There are limited data in pediatric populations evaluating whether chronic cardiorespiratory conditions are associated with increased risk of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We aimed to compare the rates of chronic cardiac and respiratory disease in children testing positive severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2[+]) compared with those testing negative (SARS-CoV-2[-]) at our institution.
Method: Prospective cohort with nested case-control study of all children tested by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for SARS-CoV-2 by nasopharyngeal/oropharyngeal sampling between March and October 2020. Children were identified prospectively via laboratory notification with age and sex-matching of SARS-CoV-2[+] to SARS-CoV-2[-] (1:2). Clinical data were extracted from the electronic medical record.
Results: In total, 179 SARS-CoV-2[+] children (44% females, median age 3.5 years, range: 0.1-19.0 years) were matched to 391 SARS-CoV-2[-] children (42% female, median age 3.7 years, range: 0.1-18.3 years). The commonest comorbidities showed similar frequencies in the SARS-CoV-2[+] and [-] groups: asthma (n = 9, 5% vs. n = 17, 4.4%, p = 0.71), congenital heart disease (n = 6, 3.4% vs. n = 7, 1.8%, p = 0.25) and obstructive sleep apnoea (n = 4, 2.2% vs. n = 10, 2.3%, p = 0.82). In the SARS-CoV-2[+] group, the prevalence of symptomatic disease was similar among children with and without cardiorespiratory comorbidities (n = 12, 75% vs. n = 103, 57%, p = 0.35). A high proportion of children hospitalized with SARS-CoV-2 infection had cardiac comorbidities (23.8%).
Conclusions: In this single site data set, rates of pre-existing cardiorespiratory disease were similar in SARS-CoV-2[+] and SARS-CoV-2[-] children. Rates of symptomatic infection were similar between children with and without cardiorespiratory comorbidity. High rates of comorbid cardiac disease were observed among hospitalized children with COVID-19 warranting further research to inform vaccine prioritization.
Keywords: COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; asthma; cardiac; child; pediatric lung disease.
. 2021 Sep 2.
doi: 10.1002/ppul.25642. Online ahead of print.
Is cardiorespiratory disease associated with increased susceptibility of SARS-CoV-2 in children?
Cassidy Du Berry[SUP] 1 2 3 [/SUP], Thomas Saunders[SUP] 1 2 3 [/SUP], Alissa McMinn[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Shidan Tosif[SUP] 1 2 3 [/SUP], Shivanthan Shanthikumar[SUP] 1 2 3 [/SUP], Moya Vandeleur[SUP] 1 2 3 [/SUP], Joanne Harrison[SUP] 1 2 3 [/SUP], David Burgner[SUP] 1 2 3 [/SUP], Sarath Ranganathan[SUP] 1 2 3 [/SUP], Nigel Crawford[SUP] 1 2 3 [/SUP], Danielle Wurzel[SUP] 1 2 3 4 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 34473903
- DOI: 10.1002/ppul.25642
Abstract
Background: There are limited data in pediatric populations evaluating whether chronic cardiorespiratory conditions are associated with increased risk of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We aimed to compare the rates of chronic cardiac and respiratory disease in children testing positive severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2[+]) compared with those testing negative (SARS-CoV-2[-]) at our institution.
Method: Prospective cohort with nested case-control study of all children tested by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for SARS-CoV-2 by nasopharyngeal/oropharyngeal sampling between March and October 2020. Children were identified prospectively via laboratory notification with age and sex-matching of SARS-CoV-2[+] to SARS-CoV-2[-] (1:2). Clinical data were extracted from the electronic medical record.
Results: In total, 179 SARS-CoV-2[+] children (44% females, median age 3.5 years, range: 0.1-19.0 years) were matched to 391 SARS-CoV-2[-] children (42% female, median age 3.7 years, range: 0.1-18.3 years). The commonest comorbidities showed similar frequencies in the SARS-CoV-2[+] and [-] groups: asthma (n = 9, 5% vs. n = 17, 4.4%, p = 0.71), congenital heart disease (n = 6, 3.4% vs. n = 7, 1.8%, p = 0.25) and obstructive sleep apnoea (n = 4, 2.2% vs. n = 10, 2.3%, p = 0.82). In the SARS-CoV-2[+] group, the prevalence of symptomatic disease was similar among children with and without cardiorespiratory comorbidities (n = 12, 75% vs. n = 103, 57%, p = 0.35). A high proportion of children hospitalized with SARS-CoV-2 infection had cardiac comorbidities (23.8%).
Conclusions: In this single site data set, rates of pre-existing cardiorespiratory disease were similar in SARS-CoV-2[+] and SARS-CoV-2[-] children. Rates of symptomatic infection were similar between children with and without cardiorespiratory comorbidity. High rates of comorbid cardiac disease were observed among hospitalized children with COVID-19 warranting further research to inform vaccine prioritization.
Keywords: COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; asthma; cardiac; child; pediatric lung disease.