tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Pediatr Neonatol
. 2024 Mar 22:S1875-9572(24)00042-1.
doi: 10.1016/j.pedneo.2023.12.006. Online ahead of print. Clinical characteristics and prognosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection in children with hematological malignancies: A multicenter, retrospective study in China
Weilin Wang[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Xueju Xu[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Songting Bai[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Lu Wang[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Jixia Luo[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Daiyan Zhao[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Ping Li[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Qiuxia Fan[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Chunmei Wang[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Qianghua Yao[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Bai Li[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Dao Wang[SUP] 6 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Background: Data on SARSCoV-2 infection in children with hematological malignancies (HM) are limited. Here, we describe the clinical features of children with HM after SARS-CoV-2 infection and investigate the potential risk factors for disease severity.
Methods: Children with HM and SARS-CoV-2 infection from five hospitals in five cities in Henan, China from October 2022 to January 2023 were retrospectively included. Clinical information and Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination status were collected for further analyses.
Results: A total of 285 children with HM and SARS-CoV-2 infections were included. COVID-19 was asymptomatic in 3.2% of the patients (n = 9), mild in 89.1% (n = 254), moderate in 5.3% (n = 15), severe in 1.8% (n = 5), and critical in 0.7% (n = 2). Fever (92.4%) and cough (56.9%) were the most common symptoms. Most (249, 88.3%) children were managed at home during their COVID-19 illness. Of the 36 children admitted to the hospital, two required intensive care unit care, 11 required supplementary oxygen, and two non-invasive ventilation. A total of 283 (99.3%) children fully recovered and two (0.7%) died due to COVID-19. Significant risk factors for increased severity of infection in multivariable analyses were the presence of comorbidity (OR, 10.4; 95%CI, 2.8-38.7; p < 0.0001), neutropenia (OR, 10.4; 95%CI, 2.6-41.8; p = 0.001), and lymphopenia (OR, 4.2; 95%CI, 1.2-15.4; p = 0.029). A total of 30.9% (88/285) of the children received at least one dose of the inactivated COVID-19 vaccine at COVID-19 diagnosis. Compared with children who received at least one dose of the COVID-19 vaccine, fever was significantly more common in unvaccinated children (79.3% vs. 93.8%, p < 0.001).
Conclusions: Children with HM are not at an increased risk of severe COVID-19 compared to the general pediatric population. However, comorbidities such as lymphopenia and neutropenia may increase the risk of developing moderate or severe/critical disease. Our data may help in management decisions for this vulnerable population.
Keywords: COVID-19; Children; Hematological malignancy; Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation; SARS-CoV-2.
. 2024 Mar 22:S1875-9572(24)00042-1.
doi: 10.1016/j.pedneo.2023.12.006. Online ahead of print. Clinical characteristics and prognosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection in children with hematological malignancies: A multicenter, retrospective study in China
Weilin Wang[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Xueju Xu[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Songting Bai[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Lu Wang[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Jixia Luo[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Daiyan Zhao[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Ping Li[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Qiuxia Fan[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Chunmei Wang[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Qianghua Yao[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Bai Li[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Dao Wang[SUP] 6 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 38553357
- DOI: 10.1016/j.pedneo.2023.12.006
Background: Data on SARSCoV-2 infection in children with hematological malignancies (HM) are limited. Here, we describe the clinical features of children with HM after SARS-CoV-2 infection and investigate the potential risk factors for disease severity.
Methods: Children with HM and SARS-CoV-2 infection from five hospitals in five cities in Henan, China from October 2022 to January 2023 were retrospectively included. Clinical information and Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination status were collected for further analyses.
Results: A total of 285 children with HM and SARS-CoV-2 infections were included. COVID-19 was asymptomatic in 3.2% of the patients (n = 9), mild in 89.1% (n = 254), moderate in 5.3% (n = 15), severe in 1.8% (n = 5), and critical in 0.7% (n = 2). Fever (92.4%) and cough (56.9%) were the most common symptoms. Most (249, 88.3%) children were managed at home during their COVID-19 illness. Of the 36 children admitted to the hospital, two required intensive care unit care, 11 required supplementary oxygen, and two non-invasive ventilation. A total of 283 (99.3%) children fully recovered and two (0.7%) died due to COVID-19. Significant risk factors for increased severity of infection in multivariable analyses were the presence of comorbidity (OR, 10.4; 95%CI, 2.8-38.7; p < 0.0001), neutropenia (OR, 10.4; 95%CI, 2.6-41.8; p = 0.001), and lymphopenia (OR, 4.2; 95%CI, 1.2-15.4; p = 0.029). A total of 30.9% (88/285) of the children received at least one dose of the inactivated COVID-19 vaccine at COVID-19 diagnosis. Compared with children who received at least one dose of the COVID-19 vaccine, fever was significantly more common in unvaccinated children (79.3% vs. 93.8%, p < 0.001).
Conclusions: Children with HM are not at an increased risk of severe COVID-19 compared to the general pediatric population. However, comorbidities such as lymphopenia and neutropenia may increase the risk of developing moderate or severe/critical disease. Our data may help in management decisions for this vulnerable population.
Keywords: COVID-19; Children; Hematological malignancy; Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation; SARS-CoV-2.