tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Pediatr Infect Dis J
. 2021 Aug 1;40(8):e294-e299.
doi: 10.1097/INF.0000000000003199.
Longitudinal Follow-up of Antibody Responses in Pediatric Patients With COVID-19 up to 9 Months After Infection
Pembe Derin Oygar[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Yasemin Ozsurekci[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Sibel Lacinel Gurlevik[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Kubra Aykac[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Musa Gurel Kukul[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Burcu Ceylan Cura Yayla[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Sare Ilbay[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Jale Karakaya[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Ozlem Teksam[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Ali Bulent Cengiz[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Mehmet Ceyhan[SUP] 1 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Abstract
Introduction: Antibody response developed within 2-3 weeks after exposure to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been shown to decrease over time; however, there is limited data about antibody levels at 6 months or later postinfection, particularly in children.
Materials and method: A prospective multicenter study was performed using 315 samples of 74 confirmed and 10 probable coronavirus disease 2019 pediatric cases. About 20% of these cases were classified as asymptomatic, 74% as mild/moderate and 6% as severe/critical. Patients were included if at least 2 samples were available. The antibody response was classified as either early-period or late-period (14 days-3 months and after 6 months, respectively) for IgG response whereas IgA response was tested on various time intervals, including as early as 4 days up to 3 months. Euroimmun Anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG and IgA and Genscript SARS-CoV-2 Surrogate Virus Neutralization Kits were used for antibody detection.
Results: There was no difference between the early-period and late-period IgG positivity (P = 0.1). However, the median IgG levels were 11.98 in the early periods and 4.05 in the late periods, with a significance of P < 0.001. Although the decrease in IgG levels was significant in asymptomatic and mild/moderate cases (P < 0.008 and P < 0.001, respectively), the decrease in severe/critical cases was moderate (P = 0.285). The sensitivity of the IgG after 15 days was higher than 94%, and the sensitivity of IgA was 88% on days 8-15.
Conclusion: SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody levels decreased after 6 months. The decrease was moderate in severe/critical cases. Overall, 95.8% of the patients remained positive up to 9 months after infection. Although the IgA response may be useful early on, the IgG response is useful after 14 days.
. 2021 Aug 1;40(8):e294-e299.
doi: 10.1097/INF.0000000000003199.
Longitudinal Follow-up of Antibody Responses in Pediatric Patients With COVID-19 up to 9 Months After Infection
Pembe Derin Oygar[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Yasemin Ozsurekci[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Sibel Lacinel Gurlevik[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Kubra Aykac[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Musa Gurel Kukul[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Burcu Ceylan Cura Yayla[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Sare Ilbay[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Jale Karakaya[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Ozlem Teksam[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Ali Bulent Cengiz[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Mehmet Ceyhan[SUP] 1 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 34250968
- DOI: 10.1097/INF.0000000000003199
Abstract
Introduction: Antibody response developed within 2-3 weeks after exposure to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been shown to decrease over time; however, there is limited data about antibody levels at 6 months or later postinfection, particularly in children.
Materials and method: A prospective multicenter study was performed using 315 samples of 74 confirmed and 10 probable coronavirus disease 2019 pediatric cases. About 20% of these cases were classified as asymptomatic, 74% as mild/moderate and 6% as severe/critical. Patients were included if at least 2 samples were available. The antibody response was classified as either early-period or late-period (14 days-3 months and after 6 months, respectively) for IgG response whereas IgA response was tested on various time intervals, including as early as 4 days up to 3 months. Euroimmun Anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG and IgA and Genscript SARS-CoV-2 Surrogate Virus Neutralization Kits were used for antibody detection.
Results: There was no difference between the early-period and late-period IgG positivity (P = 0.1). However, the median IgG levels were 11.98 in the early periods and 4.05 in the late periods, with a significance of P < 0.001. Although the decrease in IgG levels was significant in asymptomatic and mild/moderate cases (P < 0.008 and P < 0.001, respectively), the decrease in severe/critical cases was moderate (P = 0.285). The sensitivity of the IgG after 15 days was higher than 94%, and the sensitivity of IgA was 88% on days 8-15.
Conclusion: SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody levels decreased after 6 months. The decrease was moderate in severe/critical cases. Overall, 95.8% of the patients remained positive up to 9 months after infection. Although the IgA response may be useful early on, the IgG response is useful after 14 days.