tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Microbiol Insights. 2019 Dec 30;12:1178636119890885. doi: 10.1177/1178636119890885. eCollection 2019. [h=1]Pathogens Causing Respiratory Tract Infections in Children Less Than 5 Years of Age in Senegal.[/h]
Knobbe RB[SUP]1,[/SUP][SUP]2[/SUP], Diallo A[SUP]3[/SUP], Fall A[SUP]4[/SUP], Gueye AD[SUP]1[/SUP], Dieng A[SUP]1[/SUP], van Immerzeel TD[SUP]5[/SUP], Ba A[SUP]6[/SUP], Diop A[SUP]1[/SUP], Diop A[SUP]1[/SUP], Niang M[SUP]4[/SUP], Boye CS[SUP]1[/SUP].
[h=3]Author information[/h] 1 Laboratory of Bacteriology and Virology, Aristide Le Dantec Teaching Hospital, Dakar, Senegal. 2 Paediatric Infectious Disease and Immunology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands. 3 Paediatric Medical Care Unit, Institut de P?diatrie Sociale de Pikine, Dakar, Senegal. 4 Medical Virology Unit, Pasteur Institute, Dakar, Senegal. 5 Paediatric Unit, Keru Yakaar Clinic, Dakar, Senegal. 6 Paediatric Unit, Albert Royer Hospital, Dakar, Senegal.
[h=3]Abstract[/h] [h=4]Introduction:[/h] While acute respiratory tract infections are the main cause of paediatric mortality and morbidity worldwide, pathogen patterns shift due to factors such as hygiene, vaccinations, and antibiotic resistance. Knowledge about current cause of respiratory infections is lacking, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. The aim of this study was to identity the various respiratory pathogens causing acute respiratory tract infections in children below 5 years of age visiting a sub-urban primary care clinic in Senegal.
[h=4]Methods:[/h] A case-control study was performed in September and October 2018. Oropharyngeal swabs were collected from cases; infants with fever and respiratory symptoms, and controls; children involved in the vaccination programme. Viral identification was conducted by polymerase chain reaction for 21 different viruses; bacteria were identified by culture studies. Associations between microorganisms, acute respiratory infection and severity of disease were calculated by multivariate regression adjusting for confounders such as age, sex, and living area.
[h=4]Results:[/h] Overall, 102 cases and 96 controls were included. Microorganisms were detected in 90.1% of cases and 53.7% of controls (P < .001). Influenza virus A (including H1N1), influenza virus B, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), and Streptococcus pneumoniae were independently associated with acute respiratory tract infections. Co-detection of two or more pathogens was present in 49.5% of cases; 31.7% of cases had a pneumonia and 90.2% was treated with antibiotics.
[h=4]Conclusions:[/h] This case-control study in a primary care setting in sub-Saharan Africa found influenza virus A and B, RSV, and S pneumoniae to be the main causes of acute respiratory tract infections in children below 5 years of age. We recommend evaluation of antibiotics prescription behaviour in this setting.
? The Author(s) 2019.
[h=4]KEYWORDS:[/h] Acute respiratory tract infection; case-control study; cause; child; low- and middle-income country
PMID: 31908474 PMCID: PMC6937528 DOI: 10.1177/1178636119890885
Free PMC Article
Knobbe RB[SUP]1,[/SUP][SUP]2[/SUP], Diallo A[SUP]3[/SUP], Fall A[SUP]4[/SUP], Gueye AD[SUP]1[/SUP], Dieng A[SUP]1[/SUP], van Immerzeel TD[SUP]5[/SUP], Ba A[SUP]6[/SUP], Diop A[SUP]1[/SUP], Diop A[SUP]1[/SUP], Niang M[SUP]4[/SUP], Boye CS[SUP]1[/SUP].
[h=3]Author information[/h] 1 Laboratory of Bacteriology and Virology, Aristide Le Dantec Teaching Hospital, Dakar, Senegal. 2 Paediatric Infectious Disease and Immunology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands. 3 Paediatric Medical Care Unit, Institut de P?diatrie Sociale de Pikine, Dakar, Senegal. 4 Medical Virology Unit, Pasteur Institute, Dakar, Senegal. 5 Paediatric Unit, Keru Yakaar Clinic, Dakar, Senegal. 6 Paediatric Unit, Albert Royer Hospital, Dakar, Senegal.
[h=3]Abstract[/h] [h=4]Introduction:[/h] While acute respiratory tract infections are the main cause of paediatric mortality and morbidity worldwide, pathogen patterns shift due to factors such as hygiene, vaccinations, and antibiotic resistance. Knowledge about current cause of respiratory infections is lacking, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. The aim of this study was to identity the various respiratory pathogens causing acute respiratory tract infections in children below 5 years of age visiting a sub-urban primary care clinic in Senegal.
[h=4]Methods:[/h] A case-control study was performed in September and October 2018. Oropharyngeal swabs were collected from cases; infants with fever and respiratory symptoms, and controls; children involved in the vaccination programme. Viral identification was conducted by polymerase chain reaction for 21 different viruses; bacteria were identified by culture studies. Associations between microorganisms, acute respiratory infection and severity of disease were calculated by multivariate regression adjusting for confounders such as age, sex, and living area.
[h=4]Results:[/h] Overall, 102 cases and 96 controls were included. Microorganisms were detected in 90.1% of cases and 53.7% of controls (P < .001). Influenza virus A (including H1N1), influenza virus B, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), and Streptococcus pneumoniae were independently associated with acute respiratory tract infections. Co-detection of two or more pathogens was present in 49.5% of cases; 31.7% of cases had a pneumonia and 90.2% was treated with antibiotics.
[h=4]Conclusions:[/h] This case-control study in a primary care setting in sub-Saharan Africa found influenza virus A and B, RSV, and S pneumoniae to be the main causes of acute respiratory tract infections in children below 5 years of age. We recommend evaluation of antibiotics prescription behaviour in this setting.
? The Author(s) 2019.
[h=4]KEYWORDS:[/h] Acute respiratory tract infection; case-control study; cause; child; low- and middle-income country
PMID: 31908474 PMCID: PMC6937528 DOI: 10.1177/1178636119890885
Free PMC Article