tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Pathog Dis
. 2022 Sep 11;ftac035.
doi: 10.1093/femspd/ftac035. Online ahead of print.
Differential vaccine-induced kinetics of humoral and cellular immune responses in SARS-CoV-2 naive and convalescent health care workers
Wouter Smit[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Steven Thijsen[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Robert van der Kieft[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Sophie van Tol[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Johan Reimerink[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Chantal Reusken[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Lidewij Rumke[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Ailko Bossink[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Gijs Limonard[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Michiel Heron[SUP] 1 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Abstract
Effective vaccination is a key element in the exit strategy from the current severe acute respiratory syndrome- CoV coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic, and may also offer protection against severe disease from future variants of concern. Here we prospectively monitored T- cell responses over time, using ELISpot interferon-γ (INF-y) release assays, and B- cell responses, using serological tests, after vaccination and booster with BioNTech/Pfizer mRNA (Pfizer) and Janssen vector (Janssen/Johnson & Johnson) vaccines in hospital health care workers. Vaccine recipients were divided into seropositive and seronegative individuals at baseline, in order to determine the effect of natural immunity on vaccine-induced immune kinetics. We found that convalescent individuals mounted higher spike-specific INF-y-secreting T cell responses and B- cell-mediated IgG responses, after receiving the Janssen vaccine or the first dose of the Pfizer vaccine. IgG levels corresponded to the virus neutralisation capacity as measured by VNT assay. At 8 months post vaccination, spike-specific cellular immunity waned to low levels in individuals with or without prior natural immunity, whereas waning of humoral immunity occurred predominantly in naive individuals. The booster shot effectively re-induced both cellular and humoral immune responses. To conclude, our data supports the implemented single-dose mRNA booster strategy employed in the Netherlands. Furthermore, the level of pre-existing natural immunity may be factored into determining the optimal time window between future booster vaccines.
Keywords: ELISA; ELISpot IFN-γ release assay; SARS-CoV-2; T-cell response; mRNA vaccine; vector vaccine.
. 2022 Sep 11;ftac035.
doi: 10.1093/femspd/ftac035. Online ahead of print.
Differential vaccine-induced kinetics of humoral and cellular immune responses in SARS-CoV-2 naive and convalescent health care workers
Wouter Smit[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Steven Thijsen[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Robert van der Kieft[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Sophie van Tol[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Johan Reimerink[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Chantal Reusken[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Lidewij Rumke[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Ailko Bossink[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Gijs Limonard[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Michiel Heron[SUP] 1 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 36089571
- DOI: 10.1093/femspd/ftac035
Abstract
Effective vaccination is a key element in the exit strategy from the current severe acute respiratory syndrome- CoV coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic, and may also offer protection against severe disease from future variants of concern. Here we prospectively monitored T- cell responses over time, using ELISpot interferon-γ (INF-y) release assays, and B- cell responses, using serological tests, after vaccination and booster with BioNTech/Pfizer mRNA (Pfizer) and Janssen vector (Janssen/Johnson & Johnson) vaccines in hospital health care workers. Vaccine recipients were divided into seropositive and seronegative individuals at baseline, in order to determine the effect of natural immunity on vaccine-induced immune kinetics. We found that convalescent individuals mounted higher spike-specific INF-y-secreting T cell responses and B- cell-mediated IgG responses, after receiving the Janssen vaccine or the first dose of the Pfizer vaccine. IgG levels corresponded to the virus neutralisation capacity as measured by VNT assay. At 8 months post vaccination, spike-specific cellular immunity waned to low levels in individuals with or without prior natural immunity, whereas waning of humoral immunity occurred predominantly in naive individuals. The booster shot effectively re-induced both cellular and humoral immune responses. To conclude, our data supports the implemented single-dose mRNA booster strategy employed in the Netherlands. Furthermore, the level of pre-existing natural immunity may be factored into determining the optimal time window between future booster vaccines.
Keywords: ELISA; ELISpot IFN-γ release assay; SARS-CoV-2; T-cell response; mRNA vaccine; vector vaccine.