tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Mol Ecol. 2016 Dec 20. doi: 10.1111/mec.13967. [Epub ahead of print]
[h=1]No evidence for homosubtypic immunity of influenza H3 in Mallards following vaccination in a natural-experimental system.[/h] Wille M[SUP]1[/SUP], Latorre-Margalef N[SUP]1,[/SUP][SUP]2[/SUP], Tolf C[SUP]1[/SUP], Stallknecht DE[SUP]2[/SUP], Waldenstr?m J[SUP]1[/SUP].
[h=3]Author information[/h]
[h=3]Abstract[/h] The Mallard (Anas platyrhynchos) is an important reservoir species for influenza A viruses (IAV), and in this host, prevalence and virus diversity are high. Studies have demonstrated the presence of homosubtypic immunity, where individuals are unlikely to be re-infected with the same subtype within an autumn season. Further, evidence for heterosubtypic immunity exists, whereby immune responses specific for one subtype offers partial or complete protection against related HA subtypes. We utilized a natural-experimental system to determine if homo- or heterospecific immunity could be induced following experimental vaccination. Thirty Mallards were vaccinated with an inactivated H3, H6, or a sham vaccine, and after seroconversion were exposed to naturally infected wild conspecifics. All ducks were infected within 2 days, and had both primary and secondary infections. Overall there was no observable difference between groups; all individuals were infected with H3 and H10 IAV. At the cessation of the experiment, most individuals had anti-NP-antibodies and neutralizing antibodies against H10. Not all individuals had H3 neutralizing antibodies. The isolated H3 IAVs revealed genetic dissimilarity to the H3 vaccine strain, specifically substitutions in the vicinity of the receptor-binding site. There was no evidence of vaccine induced homosubtypic immunity to H3, a likely result of both a poor H3 immune response in the ducks and H3 immune escape. Likewise, there was no observed heterosubtypic protection related to H6 vaccination. This study highlights the need for experimental approaches to assess how exposure to pathogens and resulting immune processes translates to individual and population disease dynamics. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
[h=4]KEYWORDS:[/h] Anas platyrhynchos ; H3; Homosubtypic Immunity; Humoral Immunity; Immunity; Influenza A virus; Mallard
PMID: 27997047 DOI: 10.1111/mec.13967
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
[h=1]No evidence for homosubtypic immunity of influenza H3 in Mallards following vaccination in a natural-experimental system.[/h] Wille M[SUP]1[/SUP], Latorre-Margalef N[SUP]1,[/SUP][SUP]2[/SUP], Tolf C[SUP]1[/SUP], Stallknecht DE[SUP]2[/SUP], Waldenstr?m J[SUP]1[/SUP].
[h=3]Author information[/h]
[h=3]Abstract[/h] The Mallard (Anas platyrhynchos) is an important reservoir species for influenza A viruses (IAV), and in this host, prevalence and virus diversity are high. Studies have demonstrated the presence of homosubtypic immunity, where individuals are unlikely to be re-infected with the same subtype within an autumn season. Further, evidence for heterosubtypic immunity exists, whereby immune responses specific for one subtype offers partial or complete protection against related HA subtypes. We utilized a natural-experimental system to determine if homo- or heterospecific immunity could be induced following experimental vaccination. Thirty Mallards were vaccinated with an inactivated H3, H6, or a sham vaccine, and after seroconversion were exposed to naturally infected wild conspecifics. All ducks were infected within 2 days, and had both primary and secondary infections. Overall there was no observable difference between groups; all individuals were infected with H3 and H10 IAV. At the cessation of the experiment, most individuals had anti-NP-antibodies and neutralizing antibodies against H10. Not all individuals had H3 neutralizing antibodies. The isolated H3 IAVs revealed genetic dissimilarity to the H3 vaccine strain, specifically substitutions in the vicinity of the receptor-binding site. There was no evidence of vaccine induced homosubtypic immunity to H3, a likely result of both a poor H3 immune response in the ducks and H3 immune escape. Likewise, there was no observed heterosubtypic protection related to H6 vaccination. This study highlights the need for experimental approaches to assess how exposure to pathogens and resulting immune processes translates to individual and population disease dynamics. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
[h=4]KEYWORDS:[/h] Anas platyrhynchos ; H3; Homosubtypic Immunity; Humoral Immunity; Immunity; Influenza A virus; Mallard
PMID: 27997047 DOI: 10.1111/mec.13967
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]