Giuseppe
Emeritus
Genome-wide RNAi screen identifies human host factors crucial for influenza virus replication (Nature, abstract, edited)
Letter
Nature 463, 818-822 (11 February 2010) | doi:10.1038/nature08760; Received 10 October 2009; Accepted 17 December 2009; Published online 17 January 2010
Genome-wide RNAi screen identifies human host factors crucial for influenza virus replication
Alexander Karlas1,4, Nikolaus Machuy1,4, Yujin Shin1, Klaus-Peter Pleissner2, Anita Artarini1, Dagmar Heuer1, Daniel Becker1, Hany Khalil1, Lesley A. Ogilvie1, Simone Hess1,5, Andr? P. M?urer1, Elke M?ller1,5, Thorsten Wolff3, Thomas Rudel1,5 & Thomas F. Meyer1
1. Molecular Biology Department,
2. Core Facility Bioinformatics, Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, Charit?platz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
3. Robert Koch-Institute, Nordufer 20, 13353 Berlin, Germany
4. These authors contributed equally to this work.
5. Present addresses: Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany (S.H.); Exploratory Research Space, RWTH Aachen University, Templergraben 55, 52056 Aachen, Germany (E.M.); Department of Microbiology, Biocenter, University of W?rzburg, 97074 W?rzburg, Germany (T.R.).
Correspondence to: Thomas F. Meyer
1 Correspondence and requests for materials should be addressed to T.F.M. (Email: meyer@mpiib-berlin.mpg.de).
Abstract
Influenza A virus, being responsible for seasonal epidemics and reoccurring pandemics, represents a worldwide threat to public health1. High mutation rates facilitate the generation of viral escape mutants, rendering vaccines and drugs directed against virus-encoded targets potentially ineffective2. In contrast, targeting host cell determinants temporarily dispensable for the host but crucial for virus replication could prevent viral escape. Here we report the discovery of 287 human host cell genes influencing influenza A virus replication in a genome-wide RNA interference (RNAi) screen. Using an independent assay we confirmed 168 hits (59%) inhibiting either the endemic H1N1 (119 hits) or the current pandemic swine-origin (121 hits) influenza A virus strains, with an overlap of 60%. Notably, a subset of these common hits was also essential for replication of a highly pathogenic avian H5N1 strain. In-depth analyses of several factors provided insights into their infection stage relevance. Notably, SON DNA binding protein (SON)3 was found to be important for normal trafficking of influenza virions to late endosomes early in infection. We also show that a small molecule inhibitor of CDC-like kinase 1 (CLK1)4 reduces influenza virus replication by more than two orders of magnitude, an effect connected with impaired splicing of the viral M2 messenger RNA. Furthermore, influenza-virus-infected p27-/- (cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1B; Cdkn1b) mice accumulated significantly lower viral titres in the lung, providing in vivo evidence for the importance of this gene. Thus, our results highlight the potency of genome-wide RNAi screening for the dissection of virus?host interactions and the identification of drug targets for a broad range of influenza viruses.
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<cite cite="http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v463/n7282/full/nature08760.html">Access : Genome-wide RNAi screen identifies human host factors crucial for influenza virus replication : Nature</cite>Nature 463, 818-822 (11 February 2010) | doi:10.1038/nature08760; Received 10 October 2009; Accepted 17 December 2009; Published online 17 January 2010
Genome-wide RNAi screen identifies human host factors crucial for influenza virus replication
Alexander Karlas1,4, Nikolaus Machuy1,4, Yujin Shin1, Klaus-Peter Pleissner2, Anita Artarini1, Dagmar Heuer1, Daniel Becker1, Hany Khalil1, Lesley A. Ogilvie1, Simone Hess1,5, Andr? P. M?urer1, Elke M?ller1,5, Thorsten Wolff3, Thomas Rudel1,5 & Thomas F. Meyer1
1. Molecular Biology Department,
2. Core Facility Bioinformatics, Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, Charit?platz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
3. Robert Koch-Institute, Nordufer 20, 13353 Berlin, Germany
4. These authors contributed equally to this work.
5. Present addresses: Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany (S.H.); Exploratory Research Space, RWTH Aachen University, Templergraben 55, 52056 Aachen, Germany (E.M.); Department of Microbiology, Biocenter, University of W?rzburg, 97074 W?rzburg, Germany (T.R.).
Correspondence to: Thomas F. Meyer
1 Correspondence and requests for materials should be addressed to T.F.M. (Email: meyer@mpiib-berlin.mpg.de).
Abstract
Influenza A virus, being responsible for seasonal epidemics and reoccurring pandemics, represents a worldwide threat to public health1. High mutation rates facilitate the generation of viral escape mutants, rendering vaccines and drugs directed against virus-encoded targets potentially ineffective2. In contrast, targeting host cell determinants temporarily dispensable for the host but crucial for virus replication could prevent viral escape. Here we report the discovery of 287 human host cell genes influencing influenza A virus replication in a genome-wide RNA interference (RNAi) screen. Using an independent assay we confirmed 168 hits (59%) inhibiting either the endemic H1N1 (119 hits) or the current pandemic swine-origin (121 hits) influenza A virus strains, with an overlap of 60%. Notably, a subset of these common hits was also essential for replication of a highly pathogenic avian H5N1 strain. In-depth analyses of several factors provided insights into their infection stage relevance. Notably, SON DNA binding protein (SON)3 was found to be important for normal trafficking of influenza virions to late endosomes early in infection. We also show that a small molecule inhibitor of CDC-like kinase 1 (CLK1)4 reduces influenza virus replication by more than two orders of magnitude, an effect connected with impaired splicing of the viral M2 messenger RNA. Furthermore, influenza-virus-infected p27-/- (cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1B; Cdkn1b) mice accumulated significantly lower viral titres in the lung, providing in vivo evidence for the importance of this gene. Thus, our results highlight the potency of genome-wide RNAi screening for the dissection of virus?host interactions and the identification of drug targets for a broad range of influenza viruses.
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