tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Nat Commun
. 2021 Nov 18;12(1):6720.
doi: 10.1038/s41467-021-27064-3.
Pre-existing immunity and vaccine history determine hemagglutinin-specific CD4 T cell and IgG response following seasonal influenza vaccination
Katharina Wild[SUP] 1 2 3 [/SUP], Maike Smits[SUP] 1 2 4 [/SUP], Saskia Killmer[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Shirin Strohmeier[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Christoph Neumann-Haefelin[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Bertram Bengsch[SUP] 1 2 6 [/SUP], Florian Krammer[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Martin Schwemmle[SUP] 7 [/SUP], Maike Hofmann[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Robert Thimme[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Katharina Zoldan[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Tobias Boettler[SUP] 8 9 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Abstract
Effectiveness of seasonal influenza vaccination varies between individuals and might be affected by vaccination history among other factors. Here we show, by monitoring frequencies of CD4 T cells specific to the conserved hemagglutinin epitope HA[SUB]118-132[/SUB] and titres of IgG against the corresponding recombinant hemagglutinin protein, that antigen-specific CD4 T cell and antibody responses are closely linked to pre-existing immunity and vaccine history. Upon immunization, a strong early reaction is observed in all vaccine naïve participants and also in vaccine experienced individuals who have not received the respective seasonal vaccine in the previous year. This response is characterized by HA[SUB]118-132[/SUB] specific CD4 T cells with a follicular helper T cell phenotype and by ascending titers of hemagglutinin-specific antibodies from baseline to day 28 following vaccination. This trend was observed in only a proportion of those participants who received the seasonal vaccine the year preceding the study. Regardless of history, levels of pre-existing antibodies and CD127 expression on CD4 T cells at baseline were the strongest predictors of robust early response. Thus, both pre-existing immunity and vaccine history contribute to the response to seasonal influenza vaccines.
. 2021 Nov 18;12(1):6720.
doi: 10.1038/s41467-021-27064-3.
Pre-existing immunity and vaccine history determine hemagglutinin-specific CD4 T cell and IgG response following seasonal influenza vaccination
Katharina Wild[SUP] 1 2 3 [/SUP], Maike Smits[SUP] 1 2 4 [/SUP], Saskia Killmer[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Shirin Strohmeier[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Christoph Neumann-Haefelin[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Bertram Bengsch[SUP] 1 2 6 [/SUP], Florian Krammer[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Martin Schwemmle[SUP] 7 [/SUP], Maike Hofmann[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Robert Thimme[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Katharina Zoldan[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Tobias Boettler[SUP] 8 9 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 34795301
- DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-27064-3
Abstract
Effectiveness of seasonal influenza vaccination varies between individuals and might be affected by vaccination history among other factors. Here we show, by monitoring frequencies of CD4 T cells specific to the conserved hemagglutinin epitope HA[SUB]118-132[/SUB] and titres of IgG against the corresponding recombinant hemagglutinin protein, that antigen-specific CD4 T cell and antibody responses are closely linked to pre-existing immunity and vaccine history. Upon immunization, a strong early reaction is observed in all vaccine naïve participants and also in vaccine experienced individuals who have not received the respective seasonal vaccine in the previous year. This response is characterized by HA[SUB]118-132[/SUB] specific CD4 T cells with a follicular helper T cell phenotype and by ascending titers of hemagglutinin-specific antibodies from baseline to day 28 following vaccination. This trend was observed in only a proportion of those participants who received the seasonal vaccine the year preceding the study. Regardless of history, levels of pre-existing antibodies and CD127 expression on CD4 T cells at baseline were the strongest predictors of robust early response. Thus, both pre-existing immunity and vaccine history contribute to the response to seasonal influenza vaccines.