tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Nat Commun
. 2024 Apr 2;15(1):2830.
doi: 10.1038/s41467-024-47176-w. Incident allergic diseases in post-COVID-19 condition: multinational cohort studies from South Korea, Japan and the UK
Jiyeon Oh[SUP] #[/SUP][SUP] 1 [/SUP], Myeongcheol Lee[SUP] #[/SUP][SUP] 2 3 [/SUP], Minji Kim[SUP] #[/SUP][SUP] 2 3 [/SUP], Hyeon Jin Kim[SUP] #[/SUP][SUP] 2 3 [/SUP], Seung Won Lee[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Sang Youl Rhee[SUP] 2 5 [/SUP], Ai Koyanagi[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Lee Smith[SUP] 7 [/SUP], Min Seo Kim[SUP] 8 [/SUP], Hayeon Lee[SUP] 9 10 [/SUP], Jinseok Lee[SUP] 11 12 [/SUP], Dong Keon Yon[SUP] 13 14 15 16 [/SUP]
Affiliations
As mounting evidence suggests a higher incidence of adverse consequences, such as disruption of the immune system, among patients with a history of COVID-19, we aimed to investigate post-COVID-19 conditions on a comprehensive set of allergic diseases including asthma, allergic rhinitis, atopic dermatitis, and food allergy. We used nationwide claims-based cohorts in South Korea (K-CoV-N; n = 836,164; main cohort) and Japan (JMDC; n = 2,541,021; replication cohort A) and the UK Biobank cohort (UKB; n = 325,843; replication cohort B) after 1:5 propensity score matching. Among the 836,164 individuals in the main cohort (mean age, 50.25 years [SD, 13.86]; 372,914 [44.6%] women), 147,824 were infected with SARS-CoV-2 during the follow-up period (2020-2021). The risk of developing allergic diseases, beyond the first 30 days of diagnosis of COVID-19, significantly increased (HR, 1.20; 95% CI, 1.13-1.27), notably in asthma (HR, 2.25; 95% CI, 1.80-2.83) and allergic rhinitis (HR, 1.23; 95% CI, 1.15-1.32). This risk gradually decreased over time, but it persisted throughout the follow-up period (≥6 months). In addition, the risk increased with increasing severity of COVID-19. Notably, COVID-19 vaccination of at least two doses had a protective effect against subsequent allergic diseases (HR, 0.81; 95% CI, 0.68-0.96). Similar findings were reported in the replication cohorts A and B. Although the potential for misclassification of pre-existing allergic conditions as incident diseases remains a limitation, ethnic diversity for evidence of incident allergic diseases in post-COVID-19 condition has been validated by utilizing multinational and independent population-based cohorts.
. 2024 Apr 2;15(1):2830.
doi: 10.1038/s41467-024-47176-w. Incident allergic diseases in post-COVID-19 condition: multinational cohort studies from South Korea, Japan and the UK
Jiyeon Oh[SUP] #[/SUP][SUP] 1 [/SUP], Myeongcheol Lee[SUP] #[/SUP][SUP] 2 3 [/SUP], Minji Kim[SUP] #[/SUP][SUP] 2 3 [/SUP], Hyeon Jin Kim[SUP] #[/SUP][SUP] 2 3 [/SUP], Seung Won Lee[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Sang Youl Rhee[SUP] 2 5 [/SUP], Ai Koyanagi[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Lee Smith[SUP] 7 [/SUP], Min Seo Kim[SUP] 8 [/SUP], Hayeon Lee[SUP] 9 10 [/SUP], Jinseok Lee[SUP] 11 12 [/SUP], Dong Keon Yon[SUP] 13 14 15 16 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 38565542
- PMCID: PMC10987608
- DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47176-w
As mounting evidence suggests a higher incidence of adverse consequences, such as disruption of the immune system, among patients with a history of COVID-19, we aimed to investigate post-COVID-19 conditions on a comprehensive set of allergic diseases including asthma, allergic rhinitis, atopic dermatitis, and food allergy. We used nationwide claims-based cohorts in South Korea (K-CoV-N; n = 836,164; main cohort) and Japan (JMDC; n = 2,541,021; replication cohort A) and the UK Biobank cohort (UKB; n = 325,843; replication cohort B) after 1:5 propensity score matching. Among the 836,164 individuals in the main cohort (mean age, 50.25 years [SD, 13.86]; 372,914 [44.6%] women), 147,824 were infected with SARS-CoV-2 during the follow-up period (2020-2021). The risk of developing allergic diseases, beyond the first 30 days of diagnosis of COVID-19, significantly increased (HR, 1.20; 95% CI, 1.13-1.27), notably in asthma (HR, 2.25; 95% CI, 1.80-2.83) and allergic rhinitis (HR, 1.23; 95% CI, 1.15-1.32). This risk gradually decreased over time, but it persisted throughout the follow-up period (≥6 months). In addition, the risk increased with increasing severity of COVID-19. Notably, COVID-19 vaccination of at least two doses had a protective effect against subsequent allergic diseases (HR, 0.81; 95% CI, 0.68-0.96). Similar findings were reported in the replication cohorts A and B. Although the potential for misclassification of pre-existing allergic conditions as incident diseases remains a limitation, ethnic diversity for evidence of incident allergic diseases in post-COVID-19 condition has been validated by utilizing multinational and independent population-based cohorts.
