tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
J Virol. 2014 Jun 11. pii: JVI.00943-14. [Epub ahead of print]
Molecular mechanism of the airborne transmissibility of H9N2 avian influenza A viruses in chickens.
Zhong L1, Wang X1, Li Q1, Liu D1, Chen H1, Zhao M1, Gu X1, He L1, Liu X1, Gu M1, Peng D1, Liu X2.
Author information
Abstract
H9N2 avian influenza virus has been prevalent in poultry in many parts of the world since the 1990s and occasionally crosses the host barrier, transmitting to mammals, including humans. In recent years, these viruses have contributed genes to H5N1 and H7N9 influenza viruses, threatening the public health. To explore the molecular mechanism for the airborne transmission of H9N2 virus, we compared two genetically close strains isolated from chickens in 2001, A/chicken/Shanghai/7/2001(SH7) and A/chicken/Shanghai/14/2001(SH14). SH7 is airborne transmissible between chickens, whereas SH14 is not. We used reverse genetics and gene swapping to derive rSH7, rSH14 and a panel of reassortant viruses. Among the reassortant viruses, we identified segments HA and PA as governing the airborne transmission among chickens. In addition, the NP and NS genes also contributed to a lesser extent. Furthermore, the mutational analyses showed the transmissibility phenotype predominantly mapped to the HA and PA genes with HA-K363 and PA-L672 being important for airborne transmissibility among chickens. In addition, the viral infectivity and acid stability are related to the airborne transmissibility. Importantly, airborne transmission studies of 18 arbitrarily chosen H9N2 viruses from our collections confirmed the importance of both 363K in HA and 672L in PA in determining their transmissibilities. Our finding elucidates the genetic contributions to H9N2 transmissibility in chickens and highlights their importance in the prevalence in poultry.
IMPORTANCE:
Our study investigates the airborne transmissibility of H9N2 viruses in chickens and the subsequent epidemic. H9N2 virus is the donor for several prevalent reassortant influenza viruses, such as H7N9/2013 and the H5N1 viruses. Poultry as the reservoir hosts of influenza is closely related to associated with human society. Airborne transmission is an efficient pathway for influenza transmission among flocks and individuals. Exploring the mechanism of the airborne transmission of the H9N2 virus in chickens could provide essential data regarding prevention and control of influenza endemics and pandemics.
Copyright ? 2014, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.
PMID:
24920791
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24920791
Molecular mechanism of the airborne transmissibility of H9N2 avian influenza A viruses in chickens.
Zhong L1, Wang X1, Li Q1, Liu D1, Chen H1, Zhao M1, Gu X1, He L1, Liu X1, Gu M1, Peng D1, Liu X2.
Author information
Abstract
H9N2 avian influenza virus has been prevalent in poultry in many parts of the world since the 1990s and occasionally crosses the host barrier, transmitting to mammals, including humans. In recent years, these viruses have contributed genes to H5N1 and H7N9 influenza viruses, threatening the public health. To explore the molecular mechanism for the airborne transmission of H9N2 virus, we compared two genetically close strains isolated from chickens in 2001, A/chicken/Shanghai/7/2001(SH7) and A/chicken/Shanghai/14/2001(SH14). SH7 is airborne transmissible between chickens, whereas SH14 is not. We used reverse genetics and gene swapping to derive rSH7, rSH14 and a panel of reassortant viruses. Among the reassortant viruses, we identified segments HA and PA as governing the airborne transmission among chickens. In addition, the NP and NS genes also contributed to a lesser extent. Furthermore, the mutational analyses showed the transmissibility phenotype predominantly mapped to the HA and PA genes with HA-K363 and PA-L672 being important for airborne transmissibility among chickens. In addition, the viral infectivity and acid stability are related to the airborne transmissibility. Importantly, airborne transmission studies of 18 arbitrarily chosen H9N2 viruses from our collections confirmed the importance of both 363K in HA and 672L in PA in determining their transmissibilities. Our finding elucidates the genetic contributions to H9N2 transmissibility in chickens and highlights their importance in the prevalence in poultry.
IMPORTANCE:
Our study investigates the airborne transmissibility of H9N2 viruses in chickens and the subsequent epidemic. H9N2 virus is the donor for several prevalent reassortant influenza viruses, such as H7N9/2013 and the H5N1 viruses. Poultry as the reservoir hosts of influenza is closely related to associated with human society. Airborne transmission is an efficient pathway for influenza transmission among flocks and individuals. Exploring the mechanism of the airborne transmission of the H9N2 virus in chickens could provide essential data regarding prevention and control of influenza endemics and pandemics.
Copyright ? 2014, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.
PMID:
24920791
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24920791