tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Res Rep Trop Med. 2018 Apr 6;9:49-62. doi: 10.2147/RRTM.S144075. eCollection 2018.
[h=1]Molecular diagnosis of microbial copathogens with influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 in Oaxaca, Mexico.[/h] Ram?rez-Palacios LR[SUP]1[/SUP], Res?ndez-P?rez D[SUP]2[/SUP], Rodr?guez-Padilla MC[SUP]2[/SUP], Saavedra-Alonso S[SUP]2[/SUP], Real-Najarro O[SUP]3[/SUP], Fern?ndez-Santos NA[SUP]4[/SUP], Rodriguez Perez MA[SUP]4[/SUP].
[h=3]Author information[/h]
[h=3]Abstract[/h] [h=4]Background:[/h] Multiple factors have been associated with the severity of infection by influenza A(H1N1)pdm09. These include H1N1 cases with proven coinfections showing clinical association with bacterial contagions.
[h=4]Purpose:[/h] The objective was to identify H1N1 and copathogens in the Oaxaca (Mexico) population. A cross-sectional survey was conducted from 2009 to 2012. A total of 88 study patients with confirmed H1N1 by quantitative RT-PCR were recruited.
[h=4]Methods:[/h] Total nucleic acid from clinical samples of study patients was analyzed using a TessArray RPM-Flu microarray assay to identify other respiratory pathogens.
[h=4]Results:[/h] High prevalence of copathogens (77.3%; 68 patients harbored one to three pathogens), predominantly from Streptococcus, Haemophilus, Neisseria, and Pseudomonas, were detected. Three patients (3.4%) had four or five respiratory copathogens, whereas others (19.3%) had no copathogens. Copathogenic occurrence with Staphylococcus aureus was 5.7%, Coxsackie virus 2.3%, Moraxella catarrhalis 1.1%, Klebsiella pneumoniae 1.1%, and parainfluenza virus 3 1.1%. The number of patients with copathogens was four times higher to those with H1N1 alone (80.68% and 19.32%, respectively). Four individuals (4.5%; two males, one female, and one infant) who died due to H1N1 were observed to have harbored such copathogens as Streptococcus, Staphylococcus, Haemophilus, and Neisseria.
[h=4]Conclusion:[/h] In summary, copathogens were found in a significant number (>50%) of cases of influenza in Oaxaca. Timely detection of coinfections producing increased acuity or severity of disease and treatment of affected patients is urgently needed.
[h=4]KEYWORDS:[/h] H1N1; bacteria; copathogens; microarray assay
PMID: 30050355 PMCID: PMC6047622 DOI: 10.2147/RRTM.S144075
[h=1]Molecular diagnosis of microbial copathogens with influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 in Oaxaca, Mexico.[/h] Ram?rez-Palacios LR[SUP]1[/SUP], Res?ndez-P?rez D[SUP]2[/SUP], Rodr?guez-Padilla MC[SUP]2[/SUP], Saavedra-Alonso S[SUP]2[/SUP], Real-Najarro O[SUP]3[/SUP], Fern?ndez-Santos NA[SUP]4[/SUP], Rodriguez Perez MA[SUP]4[/SUP].
[h=3]Author information[/h]
[h=3]Abstract[/h] [h=4]Background:[/h] Multiple factors have been associated with the severity of infection by influenza A(H1N1)pdm09. These include H1N1 cases with proven coinfections showing clinical association with bacterial contagions.
[h=4]Purpose:[/h] The objective was to identify H1N1 and copathogens in the Oaxaca (Mexico) population. A cross-sectional survey was conducted from 2009 to 2012. A total of 88 study patients with confirmed H1N1 by quantitative RT-PCR were recruited.
[h=4]Methods:[/h] Total nucleic acid from clinical samples of study patients was analyzed using a TessArray RPM-Flu microarray assay to identify other respiratory pathogens.
[h=4]Results:[/h] High prevalence of copathogens (77.3%; 68 patients harbored one to three pathogens), predominantly from Streptococcus, Haemophilus, Neisseria, and Pseudomonas, were detected. Three patients (3.4%) had four or five respiratory copathogens, whereas others (19.3%) had no copathogens. Copathogenic occurrence with Staphylococcus aureus was 5.7%, Coxsackie virus 2.3%, Moraxella catarrhalis 1.1%, Klebsiella pneumoniae 1.1%, and parainfluenza virus 3 1.1%. The number of patients with copathogens was four times higher to those with H1N1 alone (80.68% and 19.32%, respectively). Four individuals (4.5%; two males, one female, and one infant) who died due to H1N1 were observed to have harbored such copathogens as Streptococcus, Staphylococcus, Haemophilus, and Neisseria.
[h=4]Conclusion:[/h] In summary, copathogens were found in a significant number (>50%) of cases of influenza in Oaxaca. Timely detection of coinfections producing increased acuity or severity of disease and treatment of affected patients is urgently needed.
[h=4]KEYWORDS:[/h] H1N1; bacteria; copathogens; microarray assay
PMID: 30050355 PMCID: PMC6047622 DOI: 10.2147/RRTM.S144075