tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Microbiol Spectr
. 2022 Nov 29;e0263922.
doi: 10.1128/spectrum.02639-22. Online ahead of print.
Anti-Arbovirus Antibodies Cross-React With Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2
Taweewun Hunsawong[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Darunee Buddhari[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Kamonthip Rungrojcharoenkit[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Rungarun Suthangkornkul[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Duangrat Mongkolsirichaikul[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Jindarat Lohachanakul[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Kedsara Tayong[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Kanittha Sirikajornpan[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Prinyada Rodpradit[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Yongyuth Poolpanichupatam[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Chonticha Klungthong[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Darunee Utennam[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Surachai Kaewhiran[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Thomas S Cotrone[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Stefan Fernandez[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Anthony R Jones[SUP] 1 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is found in regions where dengue (DENV) and chikungunya (CHIKV) viruses are endemic. Any serological cross-reactivity between DENV, CHIKV, and SARS-CoV-2 is significant as it could lead to misdiagnosis, increased severity, or cross-protection. This study examined the potential cross-reactivity of anti-DENV and CHIKV antibodies with SARS-CoV-2 using acute and convalescent-phase samples collected before the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. These included healthy, normal human (NHS, n = 6), CHIKV-positive (n = 14 pairs acute and convalescent), primary DENV-positive (n = 20 pairs), secondary DENV-positive (n = 20 pairs), and other febrile illnesses sera (n = 23 pairs). Samples were tested using an in-house SARS-CoV-2 and a EUROIMMUN IgA and IgG ELISAs. All NHS samples were negative, whereas 3.6% CHIKV, 21.7% primary DENV, 15.7% secondary DENV, and 10.8% febrile diseases sera resulted as anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody positive. The EUROIMMUN ELISA using spike 1 as the antigen detected more positives among the primary DENV infections than the in-house ELISA using spike 1-receptor binding domain (RBD) protein. Among ELISA-positive samples, four had detectable neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 reporter virus particles yet none had detectable neutralizing antibodies against the live Wuhan strain of SARS-CoV-2. These data demonstrated the SARS-CoV-2 diagnostic cross-reactivity, but not neutralizing antibody cross-reactivity, among dengue seropositive cases. IMPORTANCE SARS-CoV-2 continues to cause significant morbidity globally, including in areas where DENV and CHIKV are endemic. Reports using rapid diagnostic and ELISAs have demonstrated that serological cross-reactivity between DENV and SARS-CoV-2 can occur. Furthermore, it has been observed that convalescent DENV patients are at a lower risk of developing COVID-19. This phenomenon can interfere with the accuracy of serological testing and clinical management of both DENV and COVID-19 patients. In this study, the cross-reactivity of primary/secondary anti-DENV, CHIKV, and other febrile illness antibodies with SARS-CoV-2 using two ELISAs has been shown. Among ELISA-positive samples, four had detectable levels of neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 reporter virus particles. However, none had detectable neutralizing antibodies against the live Wuhan strain of SARS-CoV-2. These data demonstrated SARS-CoV-2 diagnostic cross-reactivity, but not neutralizing antibody cross-reactivity, among dengue seropositive cases. The data discussed here provide information regarding diagnosis and may help guide appropriate public health interventions.
Keywords: Chikungunya virus; Dengue virus; SARS-CoV-2; arbovirus; cross-protection; neutralizing antibodies; serological cross-reactivity.
. 2022 Nov 29;e0263922.
doi: 10.1128/spectrum.02639-22. Online ahead of print.
Anti-Arbovirus Antibodies Cross-React With Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2
Taweewun Hunsawong[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Darunee Buddhari[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Kamonthip Rungrojcharoenkit[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Rungarun Suthangkornkul[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Duangrat Mongkolsirichaikul[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Jindarat Lohachanakul[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Kedsara Tayong[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Kanittha Sirikajornpan[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Prinyada Rodpradit[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Yongyuth Poolpanichupatam[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Chonticha Klungthong[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Darunee Utennam[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Surachai Kaewhiran[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Thomas S Cotrone[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Stefan Fernandez[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Anthony R Jones[SUP] 1 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 36445096
- DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.02639-22
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is found in regions where dengue (DENV) and chikungunya (CHIKV) viruses are endemic. Any serological cross-reactivity between DENV, CHIKV, and SARS-CoV-2 is significant as it could lead to misdiagnosis, increased severity, or cross-protection. This study examined the potential cross-reactivity of anti-DENV and CHIKV antibodies with SARS-CoV-2 using acute and convalescent-phase samples collected before the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. These included healthy, normal human (NHS, n = 6), CHIKV-positive (n = 14 pairs acute and convalescent), primary DENV-positive (n = 20 pairs), secondary DENV-positive (n = 20 pairs), and other febrile illnesses sera (n = 23 pairs). Samples were tested using an in-house SARS-CoV-2 and a EUROIMMUN IgA and IgG ELISAs. All NHS samples were negative, whereas 3.6% CHIKV, 21.7% primary DENV, 15.7% secondary DENV, and 10.8% febrile diseases sera resulted as anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody positive. The EUROIMMUN ELISA using spike 1 as the antigen detected more positives among the primary DENV infections than the in-house ELISA using spike 1-receptor binding domain (RBD) protein. Among ELISA-positive samples, four had detectable neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 reporter virus particles yet none had detectable neutralizing antibodies against the live Wuhan strain of SARS-CoV-2. These data demonstrated the SARS-CoV-2 diagnostic cross-reactivity, but not neutralizing antibody cross-reactivity, among dengue seropositive cases. IMPORTANCE SARS-CoV-2 continues to cause significant morbidity globally, including in areas where DENV and CHIKV are endemic. Reports using rapid diagnostic and ELISAs have demonstrated that serological cross-reactivity between DENV and SARS-CoV-2 can occur. Furthermore, it has been observed that convalescent DENV patients are at a lower risk of developing COVID-19. This phenomenon can interfere with the accuracy of serological testing and clinical management of both DENV and COVID-19 patients. In this study, the cross-reactivity of primary/secondary anti-DENV, CHIKV, and other febrile illness antibodies with SARS-CoV-2 using two ELISAs has been shown. Among ELISA-positive samples, four had detectable levels of neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 reporter virus particles. However, none had detectable neutralizing antibodies against the live Wuhan strain of SARS-CoV-2. These data demonstrated SARS-CoV-2 diagnostic cross-reactivity, but not neutralizing antibody cross-reactivity, among dengue seropositive cases. The data discussed here provide information regarding diagnosis and may help guide appropriate public health interventions.
Keywords: Chikungunya virus; Dengue virus; SARS-CoV-2; arbovirus; cross-protection; neutralizing antibodies; serological cross-reactivity.