tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
J Vet Diagn Invest
. 2021 Oct 26;10406387211052966.
doi: 10.1177/10406387211052966. Online ahead of print.
Pandemic lineage 2009 H1N1 influenza A virus infection in farmed mink in Utah
Michael J Clayton[SUP] 1 [/SUP], E Jane Kelly[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Marta Mainenti[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Amanda Wilhelm[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Mia Kim Torchetti[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Mary Lea Killian[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Arnaud J Van Wettere[SUP] 1 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Abstract
Mink are susceptible to infection with influenza A virus (IAV) of swine and human origin. In 2019, a Utah mink farm had an outbreak of respiratory disease in kits caused by infection with the pandemic influenza A(H1N1)2009 virus [A(H1N1)pdm09]. In 3 wk, ~325, 1-2-wk-old kits died (10% mortality in kits). All deaths occurred in a single barn that housed 640 breeding females. No clinical signs or deaths occurred among adult mink. Five dead kits and 3 euthanized female mink were autopsied. All kits had moderate-to-severe neutrophilic and lymphohistiocytic interstitial pneumonia; adult mink had minimal-to-moderate lymphohistiocytic bronchointerstitial pneumonia. Immunohistochemistry and real-time PCR targeting the matrix gene detected IAV in lung of kits and adults. Virus isolation and genetic analysis identified the A(H1N1)pdm09 virus. The source of the virus was not determined but is thought to be the result of reverse zoonosis. Our case emphasizes the need for close monitoring on mink farms for interspecies transmission of IAV and for safe work practices on farms and in diagnostic laboratories. Additionally, a pandemic virus may continue to circulate at low levels long after the global event is declared over.
Keywords: H1N1; influenza A virus; mink; pandemic.
. 2021 Oct 26;10406387211052966.
doi: 10.1177/10406387211052966. Online ahead of print.
Pandemic lineage 2009 H1N1 influenza A virus infection in farmed mink in Utah
Michael J Clayton[SUP] 1 [/SUP], E Jane Kelly[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Marta Mainenti[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Amanda Wilhelm[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Mia Kim Torchetti[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Mary Lea Killian[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Arnaud J Van Wettere[SUP] 1 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 34697977
- DOI: 10.1177/10406387211052966
Abstract
Mink are susceptible to infection with influenza A virus (IAV) of swine and human origin. In 2019, a Utah mink farm had an outbreak of respiratory disease in kits caused by infection with the pandemic influenza A(H1N1)2009 virus [A(H1N1)pdm09]. In 3 wk, ~325, 1-2-wk-old kits died (10% mortality in kits). All deaths occurred in a single barn that housed 640 breeding females. No clinical signs or deaths occurred among adult mink. Five dead kits and 3 euthanized female mink were autopsied. All kits had moderate-to-severe neutrophilic and lymphohistiocytic interstitial pneumonia; adult mink had minimal-to-moderate lymphohistiocytic bronchointerstitial pneumonia. Immunohistochemistry and real-time PCR targeting the matrix gene detected IAV in lung of kits and adults. Virus isolation and genetic analysis identified the A(H1N1)pdm09 virus. The source of the virus was not determined but is thought to be the result of reverse zoonosis. Our case emphasizes the need for close monitoring on mink farms for interspecies transmission of IAV and for safe work practices on farms and in diagnostic laboratories. Additionally, a pandemic virus may continue to circulate at low levels long after the global event is declared over.
Keywords: H1N1; influenza A virus; mink; pandemic.