tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
J Public Health (Oxf)
. 2020 Aug 7;fdaa136.
doi: 10.1093/pubmed/fdaa136. Online ahead of print.
Impact of COVID-19 outbreak by income: hitting hardest the most deprived
Jose Miguel Baena-D?ez[SUP] 1 2 3 [/SUP], Mar?a Barroso[SUP] 3 4 [/SUP], Sara Isabel Cordeiro-Coelho[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Jorge L D?az[SUP] 3 5 [/SUP], Mar?a Grau[SUP] 3 6 7 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Abstract
Background: The impact of the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has many facets. This ecological study analysed age-standardized incidence rates by economic level in Barcelona.
Methods: We evaluated confirmed cases of COVID-19 in Barcelona (Spain) between 26 February 2020 and 19 April 2020. Districts were classified according to most recent (2017) mean income data. The reference for estimating age-standardized cumulative incidence rates was the 2018 European population. The association between incidence rate and mean income by district was estimated with the Spearman rho.
Results: The lower the mean income, the higher the COVID-19 incidence (Spearman rho = 0.83; P value = 0.003). Districts with the lowest mean income had the highest incidence of COVID-19 per 10 000 inhabitants; in contrast, those with the highest income had the lowest incidence. Specifically, the district with the lowest income had 2.5 times greater incidence of the disease, compared with the highest-income district [70 (95% confidence interval 66-73) versus 28 (25-31), respectively].
Conclusions: The incidence of COVID-19 showed an inverse socioeconomic gradient by mean income in the 10 districts of the city of Barcelona. Beyond healthcare for people with the disease, attention must focus on a health strategy for the whole population, particularly in the most deprived areas.
Keywords: COVID-19; coronavirus infections; epidemiology; healthcare disparities; socioeconomic factors.
. 2020 Aug 7;fdaa136.
doi: 10.1093/pubmed/fdaa136. Online ahead of print.
Impact of COVID-19 outbreak by income: hitting hardest the most deprived
Jose Miguel Baena-D?ez[SUP] 1 2 3 [/SUP], Mar?a Barroso[SUP] 3 4 [/SUP], Sara Isabel Cordeiro-Coelho[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Jorge L D?az[SUP] 3 5 [/SUP], Mar?a Grau[SUP] 3 6 7 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 32776102
- DOI: 10.1093/pubmed/fdaa136
Abstract
Background: The impact of the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has many facets. This ecological study analysed age-standardized incidence rates by economic level in Barcelona.
Methods: We evaluated confirmed cases of COVID-19 in Barcelona (Spain) between 26 February 2020 and 19 April 2020. Districts were classified according to most recent (2017) mean income data. The reference for estimating age-standardized cumulative incidence rates was the 2018 European population. The association between incidence rate and mean income by district was estimated with the Spearman rho.
Results: The lower the mean income, the higher the COVID-19 incidence (Spearman rho = 0.83; P value = 0.003). Districts with the lowest mean income had the highest incidence of COVID-19 per 10 000 inhabitants; in contrast, those with the highest income had the lowest incidence. Specifically, the district with the lowest income had 2.5 times greater incidence of the disease, compared with the highest-income district [70 (95% confidence interval 66-73) versus 28 (25-31), respectively].
Conclusions: The incidence of COVID-19 showed an inverse socioeconomic gradient by mean income in the 10 districts of the city of Barcelona. Beyond healthcare for people with the disease, attention must focus on a health strategy for the whole population, particularly in the most deprived areas.
Keywords: COVID-19; coronavirus infections; epidemiology; healthcare disparities; socioeconomic factors.