tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
J Neuroimmunol
. 2021 Jul 10;358:577658.
doi: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2021.577658. Online ahead of print.
Neurological manifestations of COVID-19: A comprehensive literature review and discussion of mechanisms
Anton Johansson[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Mohamed S Mohamed[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Thiago C Moulin[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Helgi B Schiöth[SUP] 2 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Abstract
Several neurological symptoms and complications have been described in association with COVID-19, such as anosmia, ageusia, encephalitis and Guillain-Barré syndrome. Here, we review the literature describing SARS-CoV-2-induced neurological manifestations and provide a comprehensive discussion of proposed mechanisms underlying the neurological pathophysiology. First, we analyse the neuroinvasiveness potential of the coronavirus family based on previous SARS-CoV-1 studies. Then, we describe the current evidence on COVID-19-induced nervous tissue damage, including processes behind brain vasculopathy and cytokine storm. We also discuss in detail anosmia and Guillain-Barré syndrome. Finally, we provide a summarised timeline of the main findings in the field. Future perspectives are presented, and suggestions of further investigations to clarify how SARS-COV-2 can affect the CNS.
Keywords: Anosmia; COVID-19; Cytokine storm; Encephalitis; Guillain-Barré syndrome.
. 2021 Jul 10;358:577658.
doi: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2021.577658. Online ahead of print.
Neurological manifestations of COVID-19: A comprehensive literature review and discussion of mechanisms
Anton Johansson[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Mohamed S Mohamed[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Thiago C Moulin[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Helgi B Schiöth[SUP] 2 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 34304141
- DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2021.577658
Abstract
Several neurological symptoms and complications have been described in association with COVID-19, such as anosmia, ageusia, encephalitis and Guillain-Barré syndrome. Here, we review the literature describing SARS-CoV-2-induced neurological manifestations and provide a comprehensive discussion of proposed mechanisms underlying the neurological pathophysiology. First, we analyse the neuroinvasiveness potential of the coronavirus family based on previous SARS-CoV-1 studies. Then, we describe the current evidence on COVID-19-induced nervous tissue damage, including processes behind brain vasculopathy and cytokine storm. We also discuss in detail anosmia and Guillain-Barré syndrome. Finally, we provide a summarised timeline of the main findings in the field. Future perspectives are presented, and suggestions of further investigations to clarify how SARS-COV-2 can affect the CNS.
Keywords: Anosmia; COVID-19; Cytokine storm; Encephalitis; Guillain-Barré syndrome.